| 1.1 | Skull foramina and structures [...] artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
| 1.2 | Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - [...] Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
| 1.3 | Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen [...] CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
| 1.4 | Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum [...] - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
| 1.5 | Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen [...] optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
| 1.6 | Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal [...] artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
| 1.7 | Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and [...] artery - optic canal |
Skull foramina and structures Middle meningeal artery - foramen spinosum CN12 - hypoglassal canal Internal carotid artery - foramen lacerum optic nerve and opthalmic artery - optic canal |
| 2.1 | 7. What are spare receptors? [...] 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? |
7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? 7.  8.  9.  10.  11.   12.   13.  |
| 2.2 | 7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? [...] 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? |
7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. |
| 2.3 | 7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? [...] 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? |
7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. |
| 2.4 | 7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? [...] 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? |
7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. |
| 2.5 | 7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? [...] 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? |
7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. |
| 2.6 | 7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? [...] 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? |
7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. |
| 2.7 | 7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? [...] |
7. What are spare receptors? 8. What is an antagonist? 9. Difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist? 10. What type of antagonist is naloxone? 11. What effect does a competitive antagonist have on the concentration-effect curve? 12. Give an example of a competitive and irreversible antagonist? 13. Draw curve for agonist+reversible antagonist vs agonist + irreversible antagonist? 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. |
| 3.1 | Propofol 1. MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? |
Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? 1.   2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  7.  |
| 3.2 | Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? |
Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 3.3 | Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? [...] 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? |
Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 3.4 | Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? [...] 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? |
Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 3.5 | Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? [...] 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? |
Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 3.6 | Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? [...] 7. list some important drug interactions? |
Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 3.7 | Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? [...] |
Propofol 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. how can you limit the adverse effects? 5. Dosage for induction vs procedular sedation? 6. Clinical effects expected with propofol administrations? 7. list some important drug interactions? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 4.1 | Pancreatitis 1. Causes? [...] 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? |
Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? 1.  2.   3.  4.  5.  6.  7.  |
| 4.2 | Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? [...] 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? |
Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 4.3 | Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? [...] 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? |
Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 4.4 | Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? [...] 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? |
Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 4.5 | Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? [...] 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? |
Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 4.6 | Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? [...] 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? |
Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 4.7 | Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? [...] |
Pancreatitis 1. Causes? 2. Pathogenesis? 3. Complications? 4. Lab findings? 5. Cellular morphology? 6. Morphological features of chronic pancreatitis? 7. Clinical consequences of chronic pancreatitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 5.1 | Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? [...] 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? |
Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? 1.   2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  7.  |
| 5.2 | Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? [...] 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? |
Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 5.3 | Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? [...] 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? |
Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 5.4 | Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? [...] 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? |
Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 5.5 | Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? [...] 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? |
Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 5.6 | Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? [...] 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? |
Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 5.7 | Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? [...] |
Cholecystitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What are the complications? 3. Describe the pathogenesis of cholesterol stone formation? 4. RFs for development of cholesterol stones? 5. How do the clinical features ofa cute acalculous cholecystitis differ from calculous cholecysstitis? 6. What conditions are associated with acute acalculous cholecystitis? 7. Development of acalculous cholecystitis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 6.1 | ACS 1. Define [...] 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? |
ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? 1.  2.   3.  4.  5.  6.  7.  |
| 6.2 | ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis [...] 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? |
ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 6.3 | ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? [...] 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? |
ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 6.4 | ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? [...] 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? |
ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 6.5 | ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? [...] 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? |
ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 6.6 | ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? [...] 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? |
ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 6.7 | ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? [...] |
ACS 1. Define 2. Describe pathology/pathogenesis 3. Complications? 4. What are the main cardiac rupture syndromes? 5. Describe the time course of injury after occlusion? 6. What changes occur in ventricular remodelling? 7. What systemic factors affect infarct healing? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. |
| 7.1 | Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis [...] 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] |
Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] 1.  2.   3.  4.  5.  6.   7. thrombosis, increased vasc permeability and vasodilation |
| 7.2 | Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock [...] 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] |
Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. thrombosis, increased vasc permeability and vasodilation |
| 7.3 | Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock [...] 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] |
Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. thrombosis, increased vasc permeability and vasodilation |
| 7.4 | Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? [...] 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] |
Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. thrombosis, increased vasc permeability and vasodilation |
| 7.5 | Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway [...] 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] |
Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. thrombosis, increased vasc permeability and vasodilation |
| 7.6 | Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? [...] 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] |
Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. thrombosis, increased vasc permeability and vasodilation |
| 7.7 | Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] [...] |
Septic shock 1. Common organisms of urosepsis 2. Pathogenesis of septic shock 3. Factors that affect the outcomes of septic shock 4. what are the outcomes? 5. effect on the mediates on the coagulation pathway 6. in DIC - what happens? 7. effect of endothelialc cell activation during septic shock] 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. thrombosis, increased vasc permeability and vasodilation |
| 8.1 | 1. list anti-emetics with different MOA [...] 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e |
1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e 1.   2.  3.  4.  (remember not renal failure)5. PONV post chemo post radiation sometimes used in GI related 6.  7.  |
| 8.2 | 1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron [...] 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e |
1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e 1. 2. 3. 4. (remember not renal failure)5. PONV post chemo post radiation sometimes used in GI related 6. 7. |
| 8.3 | 1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron [...] 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e |
1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e 1. 2. 3. 4. (remember not renal failure)5. PONV post chemo post radiation sometimes used in GI related 6. 7. |
| 8.4 | 1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? [...] 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e |
1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e 1. 2. 3. 4. (remember not renal failure)5. PONV post chemo post radiation sometimes used in GI related 6. 7. |
| 8.5 | 1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron [...] 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e |
1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e 1. 2. 3. 4. (remember not renal failure)5. PONV post chemo post radiation sometimes used in GI related 6. 7. |
| 8.6 | 1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide [...] 7. metoclopramide s/e |
1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e 1. 2. 3. 4. (remember not renal failure)5. PONV post chemo post radiation sometimes used in GI related 6. 7. |
| 8.7 | 1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e [...] |
1. list anti-emetics with different MOA 2. what is the MOA of ondansetron 3. s/e of ondansetron 4. in which patients would you consider modifiying ondansetron dose? 5. clinical indications of ondansetron 6. MOA of metoclopramide 7. metoclopramide s/e 1. 2. 3. 4. (remember not renal failure)5. PONV post chemo post radiation sometimes used in GI related 6. 7. |
| 9.1 | Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
| 9.2 | Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
| 9.3 | Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: [...] drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
| 9.4 | Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
| 9.5 | Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
| 9.6 | Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? [...] |
Metronidazole Pharmacodynamics
Class: Nitroimidazole antiprotozoal drug PK:
Uses: ? c.dificcile, brain abscess, anerobic intra-abdominal |
| 10.1 | 1. Define Potency? [...] 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? |
1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? 1.  2.  3. just PK and affinity of receptor  4. B is a partial agonist   5.  6.  |
| 10.2 | 1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? [...] 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? |
1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? 1. 2. 3. just PK and affinity of receptor 4. B is a partial agonist 5. 6. |
| 10.3 | 1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? [...] 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? |
1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? 1. 2. 3. just PK and affinity of receptor 4. B is a partial agonist 5. 6. |
| 10.4 | 1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? [...] 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? |
1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? 1. 2. 3. just PK and affinity of receptor 4. B is a partial agonist 5. 6. |
| 10.5 | 1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? [...] 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? |
1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? 1. 2. 3. just PK and affinity of receptor 4. B is a partial agonist 5. 6. |
| 10.6 | 1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? [...] |
1. Define Potency? 2. Define efficacy? 3. What factors affect a drug's efficacy? 4. Draw a diagram to show difference between efficacy and potency? 5. Potency of morphine to fentanyl? 6. Under what circumstances can a partial agonist act as a antagonist? 1. 2. 3. just PK and affinity of receptor 4. B is a partial agonist 5. 6. |
| 11.1 | Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? [...] 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? |
Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  |
| 11.2 | Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? [...] 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? |
Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 11.3 | Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? [...] 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? |
Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 11.4 | Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? [...] 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? |
Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 11.5 | Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? [...] 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? |
Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 11.6 | Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? [...] |
Anaemia 1. How are the causes of anemia classified? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of Fe deficiency anaemia? 3. Please give examples of anaemias that are common in specific ethnic groups? 4. What are the causes of Fe deficiency anaemia? 5. What are the symptoms of Fe def anaemia? 6. Specific features of Fe def anaemia? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 12.1 | Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? [...] 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? |
Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  |
| 12.2 | Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? [...] 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? |
Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 12.3 | Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? [...] 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? |
Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 12.4 | Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? [...] 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? |
Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 12.5 | Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? [...] 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? |
Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 12.6 | Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? [...] |
Lung Ca 1. What factors predispose to lung ca? 2. What are the classic clinical features of lung ca? 3. What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with lung ca? 4. What are the main categories? 5. What are the pathways by which it spreads? 6. What are the clinical effects of local lung tumour spread? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 13.1 | Macrolides 1. Name some? [...] 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? |
Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? 1.  2.  3.  4.    5.  6.  |
| 13.2 | Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? [...] 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? |
Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 13.3 | Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? [...] 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? |
Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 13.4 | Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? [...] 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? |
Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 13.5 | Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? [...] 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? |
Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 13.6 | Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? [...] |
Macrolides 1. Name some? 2. MOA? 3. Organisms that is effective against? 4. Adverse effects of erythromycin + azithromycin? 5. How does azithro differ from other macrolides? 6. Mechanism for drug interactions associated with erythromycin and give examples? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 14.1 | Clopidogrel 1. MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? |
Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor?  4.  5.  6.  |
| 14.2 | Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? |
Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? 4. 5. 6. |
| 14.3 | Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? [...] 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? |
Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? 4. 5. 6. |
| 14.4 | Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? [...] 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? |
Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? 4. 5. 6. |
| 14.5 | Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? [...] 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? |
Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? 4. 5. 6. |
| 14.6 | Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? [...] |
Clopidogrel 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does this differ from aspirin? 5. What other types of anti-platelets are there? 6. Clopidogrel vs ticagrelor? 4. 5. 6. |
| 15.1 | Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? [...] 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? |
Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  |
| 15.2 | Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? [...] 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? |
Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 15.3 | Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? [...] 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? |
Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 15.4 | Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? [...] 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? |
Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 15.5 | Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? [...] 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? |
Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 15.6 | Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? [...] |
Adrenaline - Pharm 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. Effects on organs besides heart? 4. Adrenaline vs noradrenaline? 5. S/e of Adrenaline infusion? 6. Adrenaline vs dobutamine? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 16.1 | Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? [...] 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? |
Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? 1.  LAN DIG 2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  |
| 16.2 | Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? [...] 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? |
Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? 1. LAN DIG 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 16.3 | Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? [...] 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? |
Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? 1. LAN DIG 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 16.4 | Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? [...] 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? |
Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? 1. LAN DIG 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 16.5 | Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? [...] 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? |
Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? 1. LAN DIG 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 16.6 | Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? [...] |
Insulin therapy 1. Describe with examples the types of exogenous insulins which can be administered? 2. Describe the different regimens for insulin administration? 3. What are the adverse effects of exogenous insulin? 4. MOA of insulin? 5. Another use for insulin in ED? 6. What pharmacological methods are used to optimise BSL control? 1. LAN DIG 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 17.1 | Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? |
Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? 1.2.3.  4.  5.  6.  |
| 17.2 | Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? |
Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? 1.2.3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 17.3 | Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? [...] 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? |
Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? 1.2.3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 17.4 | Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? [...] 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? |
Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? 1.2.3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 17.5 | Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? [...] 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? |
Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? 1.2.3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 17.6 | Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? [...] |
Ceftriaxone 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Spectrum of activity of ceftriaxone? 4. How are cephalosporins classified and give examples? 5. Adverse effects? 6. Why are 3rd generation cephalosporins used in CNS infection? 1.2.3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 18.1 | Hypertension 1. How is it classified? [...] 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? |
Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? 1.2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  |
| 18.2 | Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? [...] 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? |
Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? 1.2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 18.3 | Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes [...] 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? |
Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? 1.2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 18.4 | Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ [...] 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? |
Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? 1.2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 18.5 | Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn [...] 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? |
Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? 1.2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 18.6 | Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? [...] |
Hypertension 1. How is it classified? 2. What are the causes of secondary HTN? 3. Primary HTN causes 4. What are the long term consequences of essential HTN/ 5. Clinical features of malignant htn 6. Gross morphology findings in heart related to HTN? 1.2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 19.1 | Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition [...] 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? |
Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  |
| 19.2 | Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types [...] 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? |
Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 19.3 | Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated [...] 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? |
Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 19.4 | Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM [...] 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? |
Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 19.5 | Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM [...] 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? |
Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 19.6 | Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? [...] |
Cardiomyopathy 1. Definition 2. Types 3. 3 examples of dilated 4. Compare and contrast DCM with HCM 5. Complications of HCM 6. Structural characteristics of HOCM? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 20.1 | AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? [...] 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? |
AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? 1.  2.     3.  4.   5.  6.  |
| 20.2 | AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? [...] 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? |
AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 20.3 | AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? [...] 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? |
AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 20.4 | AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? [...] 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? |
AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 20.5 | AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? [...] 6. Common causes of AAA? |
AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 20.6 | AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? [...] |
AAA 1. What are the risk factors for AAA? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm? 3.What are clinical consequences of an aneurysm? 4. True vs false aneurysms? 5. Risk stats of rupture of a AAA? 6. Common causes of AAA? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 21.1 | Benzos 1. MOA [...] 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK |
Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK 1.   2.  3.  4.   5.  6.   |
| 21.2 | Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E [...] 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK |
Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 21.3 | Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED [...] 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK |
Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 21.4 | Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal [...] 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK |
Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 21.5 | Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? [...] 6. Midaz PK |
Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 21.6 | Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK [...] |
Benzos 1. MOA 2. Effects of benzos and S/E 3. Examples and clinical uses of benzos in ED 4. Explain rationale for use of benzos in etoh withdrawal 5. Flumazenil - what is it, how does it work, adverse effects of it? 6. Midaz PK 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 22.1 |
|
1.  CGCSCTT 2.  3.  4.  5.\  6.  |
| 22.2 |
|
1. CGCSCTT 2. 3. 4. 5.\ 6. |
| 22.3 |
|
1. CGCSCTT 2. 3. 4. 5.\ 6. |
| 22.4 |
|
1. CGCSCTT 2. 3. 4. 5.\ 6. |
| 22.5 |
|
1. CGCSCTT 2. 3. 4. 5.\ 6. |
| 22.6 |
|
1. CGCSCTT 2. 3. 4. 5.\ 6. |
| 23.1 |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH? |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH?        |
| 23.2 |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH? |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH? |
| 23.3 |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH? |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH? |
| 23.4 |
4. how does bone resorption occur? [...] 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH? |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH? |
| 23.5 |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH [...] 6. what stimulates PTH? |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH? |
| 23.6 |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH? [...] |
4. how does bone resorption occur? 5. outline the effects of PTH 6. what stimulates PTH? |
| 24.1 | Supracondylar fracture 1. Classification? [...] 2. Epidemiology + mechanism? 3. XR findings? 4. Complications? 5. Management? |
Supracondylar fracture 1. Classification? 2. Epidemiology + mechanism? 3. XR findings? 4. Complications? 5. Management? 1.  2.  3.  4.   5.  |
| 24.2 | Supracondylar fracture 1. Classification? 2. Epidemiology + mechanism? [...] 3. XR findings? 4. Complications? 5. Management? |
Supracondylar fracture 1. Classification? 2. Epidemiology + mechanism? 3. XR findings? 4. Complications? 5. Management? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 24.3 | Supracondylar fracture 1. Classification? 2. Epidemiology + mechanism? 3. XR findings? [...] 4. Complications? 5. Management? |
Supracondylar fracture 1. Classification? 2. Epidemiology + mechanism? 3. XR findings? 4. Complications? 5. Management? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 24.4 | Supracondylar fracture 1. Classification? 2. Epidemiology + mechanism? 3. XR findings? 4. Complications? [...] 5. Management? |
Supracondylar fracture 1. Classification? 2. Epidemiology + mechanism? 3. XR findings? 4. Complications? 5. Management? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 24.5 | Supracondylar fracture 1. Classification? 2. Epidemiology + mechanism? 3. XR findings? 4. Complications? 5. Management? [...] |
Supracondylar fracture 1. Classification? 2. Epidemiology + mechanism? 3. XR findings? 4. Complications? 5. Management? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 25.1 | Nitrous PK: - MAC [...] is the anaesthetic concentration that produces immobility in 50% of patients exposed to a noxious stimulus - Mechanism: potentiate GABA A receptors Absorption through gas exchange in alveoli PD: analgesia, euphoria, increased ICP resp down heart down kidney down |
Nitrous PK: - MAC >100% is the anaesthetic concentration that produces immobility in 50% of patients exposed to a noxious stimulus - Mechanism: potentiate GABA A receptors Absorption through gas exchange in alveoli PD: analgesia, euphoria, increased ICP resp down heart down kidney down |
| 25.2 | Nitrous PK: - MAC >100% is the [...] - Mechanism: potentiate GABA A receptors Absorption through gas exchange in alveoli PD: analgesia, euphoria, increased ICP resp down heart down kidney down |
Nitrous PK: - MAC >100% is the anaesthetic concentration that produces immobility in 50% of patients exposed to a noxious stimulus - Mechanism: potentiate GABA A receptors Absorption through gas exchange in alveoli PD: analgesia, euphoria, increased ICP resp down heart down kidney down |
| 25.3 | Nitrous PK: - MAC >100% is the anaesthetic concentration that produces immobility in 50% of patients exposed to a noxious stimulus - Mechanism: [...] Absorption through gas exchange in alveoli PD: analgesia, euphoria, increased ICP resp down heart down kidney down |
Nitrous PK: - MAC >100% is the anaesthetic concentration that produces immobility in 50% of patients exposed to a noxious stimulus - Mechanism: potentiate GABA A receptors Absorption through gas exchange in alveoli PD: analgesia, euphoria, increased ICP resp down heart down kidney down |
| 25.4 | Nitrous PK: - MAC >100% is the anaesthetic concentration that produces immobility in 50% of patients exposed to a noxious stimulus - Mechanism: potentiate GABA A receptors Absorption through [...] PD: analgesia, euphoria, increased ICP resp down heart down kidney down |
Nitrous PK: - MAC >100% is the anaesthetic concentration that produces immobility in 50% of patients exposed to a noxious stimulus - Mechanism: potentiate GABA A receptors Absorption through gas exchange in alveoli PD: analgesia, euphoria, increased ICP resp down heart down kidney down |
| 25.5 | Nitrous PK: - MAC >100% is the anaesthetic concentration that produces immobility in 50% of patients exposed to a noxious stimulus - Mechanism: potentiate GABA A receptors Absorption through gas exchange in alveoli PD: [...] |
Nitrous PK: - MAC >100% is the anaesthetic concentration that produces immobility in 50% of patients exposed to a noxious stimulus - Mechanism: potentiate GABA A receptors Absorption through gas exchange in alveoli PD: analgesia, euphoria, increased ICP resp down heart down kidney down |
| 26.1 | Renal handling of sodium 1. Where does Na reabsorption occur? [...] 2. How is Na transported from the tubular cell into the interstitium? 3. Following high Na intake, what mechanisms act to enhance Na excretion? 4. How does aldosterone influence renal sodium handling? 5. What mechanisms are involved in renal tubular reabsorption and secretion generally? |
Renal handling of sodium 1. Where does Na reabsorption occur? 2. How is Na transported from the tubular cell into the interstitium? 3. Following high Na intake, what mechanisms act to enhance Na excretion? 4. How does aldosterone influence renal sodium handling? 5. What mechanisms are involved in renal tubular reabsorption and secretion generally? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 26.2 | Renal handling of sodium 1. Where does Na reabsorption occur? 2. How is Na transported from the tubular cell into the interstitium? [...] 3. Following high Na intake, what mechanisms act to enhance Na excretion? 4. How does aldosterone influence renal sodium handling? 5. What mechanisms are involved in renal tubular reabsorption and secretion generally? |
Renal handling of sodium 1. Where does Na reabsorption occur? 2. How is Na transported from the tubular cell into the interstitium? 3. Following high Na intake, what mechanisms act to enhance Na excretion? 4. How does aldosterone influence renal sodium handling? 5. What mechanisms are involved in renal tubular reabsorption and secretion generally? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 26.3 | Renal handling of sodium 1. Where does Na reabsorption occur? 2. How is Na transported from the tubular cell into the interstitium? 3. Following high Na intake, what mechanisms act to enhance Na excretion? [...] 4. How does aldosterone influence renal sodium handling? 5. What mechanisms are involved in renal tubular reabsorption and secretion generally? |
Renal handling of sodium 1. Where does Na reabsorption occur? 2. How is Na transported from the tubular cell into the interstitium? 3. Following high Na intake, what mechanisms act to enhance Na excretion? 4. How does aldosterone influence renal sodium handling? 5. What mechanisms are involved in renal tubular reabsorption and secretion generally? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 26.4 | Renal handling of sodium 1. Where does Na reabsorption occur? 2. How is Na transported from the tubular cell into the interstitium? 3. Following high Na intake, what mechanisms act to enhance Na excretion? 4. How does aldosterone influence renal sodium handling? [...] 5. What mechanisms are involved in renal tubular reabsorption and secretion generally? |
Renal handling of sodium 1. Where does Na reabsorption occur? 2. How is Na transported from the tubular cell into the interstitium? 3. Following high Na intake, what mechanisms act to enhance Na excretion? 4. How does aldosterone influence renal sodium handling? 5. What mechanisms are involved in renal tubular reabsorption and secretion generally? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 26.5 | Renal handling of sodium 1. Where does Na reabsorption occur? 2. How is Na transported from the tubular cell into the interstitium? 3. Following high Na intake, what mechanisms act to enhance Na excretion? 4. How does aldosterone influence renal sodium handling? 5. What mechanisms are involved in renal tubular reabsorption and secretion generally? [...] |
Renal handling of sodium 1. Where does Na reabsorption occur? 2. How is Na transported from the tubular cell into the interstitium? 3. Following high Na intake, what mechanisms act to enhance Na excretion? 4. How does aldosterone influence renal sodium handling? 5. What mechanisms are involved in renal tubular reabsorption and secretion generally? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 27.1 | Adenosine 1. MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. S/e? 4. Interactions? 5. Indications and contra/indications? |
Adenosine 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? 4. Interactions? 5. Indications and contra/indications? 1.   2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 27.2 | Adenosine 1. MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. S/e? 4. Interactions? 5. Indications and contra/indications? |
Adenosine 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? 4. Interactions? 5. Indications and contra/indications? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 27.3 | Adenosine 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? [...] 4. Interactions? 5. Indications and contra/indications? |
Adenosine 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? 4. Interactions? 5. Indications and contra/indications? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 27.4 | Adenosine 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? 4. Interactions? [...] 5. Indications and contra/indications? |
Adenosine 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? 4. Interactions? 5. Indications and contra/indications? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 27.5 | Adenosine 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? 4. Interactions? 5. Indications and contra/indications? [...] |
Adenosine 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? 4. Interactions? 5. Indications and contra/indications? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 28.1 | Amiodarone 1. What anti-arrhythmic does amiodarone belong to? [...] 2. Effects on the heart? 3. What arrhythmias is it used for? 4. What arrhythmias may it cause? 5. Adverse effects? |
Amiodarone 1. What anti-arrhythmic does amiodarone belong to? 2. Effects on the heart? 3. What arrhythmias is it used for? 4. What arrhythmias may it cause? 5. Adverse effects? 1.  2.    3.  4.  5.  |
| 28.2 | Amiodarone 1. What anti-arrhythmic does amiodarone belong to? 2. Effects on the heart? [...] 3. What arrhythmias is it used for? 4. What arrhythmias may it cause? 5. Adverse effects? |
Amiodarone 1. What anti-arrhythmic does amiodarone belong to? 2. Effects on the heart? 3. What arrhythmias is it used for? 4. What arrhythmias may it cause? 5. Adverse effects? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 28.3 | Amiodarone 1. What anti-arrhythmic does amiodarone belong to? 2. Effects on the heart? 3. What arrhythmias is it used for? [...] 4. What arrhythmias may it cause? 5. Adverse effects? |
Amiodarone 1. What anti-arrhythmic does amiodarone belong to? 2. Effects on the heart? 3. What arrhythmias is it used for? 4. What arrhythmias may it cause? 5. Adverse effects? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 28.4 | Amiodarone 1. What anti-arrhythmic does amiodarone belong to? 2. Effects on the heart? 3. What arrhythmias is it used for? 4. What arrhythmias may it cause? [...] 5. Adverse effects? |
Amiodarone 1. What anti-arrhythmic does amiodarone belong to? 2. Effects on the heart? 3. What arrhythmias is it used for? 4. What arrhythmias may it cause? 5. Adverse effects? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 28.5 | Amiodarone 1. What anti-arrhythmic does amiodarone belong to? 2. Effects on the heart? 3. What arrhythmias is it used for? 4. What arrhythmias may it cause? 5. Adverse effects? [...] |
Amiodarone 1. What anti-arrhythmic does amiodarone belong to? 2. Effects on the heart? 3. What arrhythmias is it used for? 4. What arrhythmias may it cause? 5. Adverse effects? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 29.1 | Aspirin 1. MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does aspirin differ from other NSAIDs? 5. PK of ibuprofen? |
Aspirin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does aspirin differ from other NSAIDs? 5. PK of ibuprofen? 1.  2.  low pkA, low protein binding, 15 mins but life of platelet, CS0 3.   4.  4.  |
| 29.2 | Aspirin 1. MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does aspirin differ from other NSAIDs? 5. PK of ibuprofen? |
Aspirin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does aspirin differ from other NSAIDs? 5. PK of ibuprofen? 1. 2. low pkA, low protein binding, 15 mins but life of platelet, CS0 3. 4. 4. |
| 29.3 | Aspirin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? [...] 4. How does aspirin differ from other NSAIDs? 5. PK of ibuprofen? |
Aspirin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does aspirin differ from other NSAIDs? 5. PK of ibuprofen? 1. 2. low pkA, low protein binding, 15 mins but life of platelet, CS0 3. 4. 4. |
| 29.4 | Aspirin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does aspirin differ from other NSAIDs? [...] 5. PK of ibuprofen? |
Aspirin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does aspirin differ from other NSAIDs? 5. PK of ibuprofen? 1. 2. low pkA, low protein binding, 15 mins but life of platelet, CS0 3. 4. 4. |
| 29.5 | Aspirin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does aspirin differ from other NSAIDs? 5. PK of ibuprofen? [...] |
Aspirin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does aspirin differ from other NSAIDs? 5. PK of ibuprofen? 1. 2. low pkA, low protein binding, 15 mins but life of platelet, CS0 3. 4. 4. |
| 30.1 | Renal calculi 1. What are the main types? [...] 2. What conditions in urine favour stone formation? 3. What are the complications? 4. What factors lead to formation of struvate calculi? 5. Which stones are radioopaque and radiolucent? |
Renal calculi 1. What are the main types? 2. What conditions in urine favour stone formation? 3. What are the complications? 4. What factors lead to formation of struvate calculi? 5. Which stones are radioopaque and radiolucent? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.   |
| 30.2 | Renal calculi 1. What are the main types? 2. What conditions in urine favour stone formation? [...] 3. What are the complications? 4. What factors lead to formation of struvate calculi? 5. Which stones are radioopaque and radiolucent? |
Renal calculi 1. What are the main types? 2. What conditions in urine favour stone formation? 3. What are the complications? 4. What factors lead to formation of struvate calculi? 5. Which stones are radioopaque and radiolucent? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 30.3 | Renal calculi 1. What are the main types? 2. What conditions in urine favour stone formation? 3. What are the complications? [...] 4. What factors lead to formation of struvate calculi? 5. Which stones are radioopaque and radiolucent? |
Renal calculi 1. What are the main types? 2. What conditions in urine favour stone formation? 3. What are the complications? 4. What factors lead to formation of struvate calculi? 5. Which stones are radioopaque and radiolucent? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 30.4 | Renal calculi 1. What are the main types? 2. What conditions in urine favour stone formation? 3. What are the complications? 4. What factors lead to formation of struvate calculi? [...] 5. Which stones are radioopaque and radiolucent? |
Renal calculi 1. What are the main types? 2. What conditions in urine favour stone formation? 3. What are the complications? 4. What factors lead to formation of struvate calculi? 5. Which stones are radioopaque and radiolucent? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 30.5 | Renal calculi 1. What are the main types? 2. What conditions in urine favour stone formation? 3. What are the complications? 4. What factors lead to formation of struvate calculi? 5. Which stones are radioopaque and radiolucent? [...] |
Renal calculi 1. What are the main types? 2. What conditions in urine favour stone formation? 3. What are the complications? 4. What factors lead to formation of struvate calculi? 5. Which stones are radioopaque and radiolucent? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 31.1 | V/Q 1. Describe the normal relationship between ventilation and perfusion in an upright lung (draw graph)? [...] 2. What conditions can increase V/Q mismatch? 3. Which tests can be done in clinical practice to demonstrate a V/Q mismatch? 4. Explain the reason for the normal PA-Pa O2 difference? 5. What is the effect of ventilation perfusion inequality on the arterial PO2 and arterial PCO2? |
V/Q 1. Describe the normal relationship between ventilation and perfusion in an upright lung (draw graph)? 2. What conditions can increase V/Q mismatch? 3. Which tests can be done in clinical practice to demonstrate a V/Q mismatch? 4. Explain the reason for the normal PA-Pa O2 difference? 5. What is the effect of ventilation perfusion inequality on the arterial PO2 and arterial PCO2? 1.   2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 31.2 | V/Q 1. Describe the normal relationship between ventilation and perfusion in an upright lung (draw graph)? 2. What conditions can increase V/Q mismatch? [...] 3. Which tests can be done in clinical practice to demonstrate a V/Q mismatch? 4. Explain the reason for the normal PA-Pa O2 difference? 5. What is the effect of ventilation perfusion inequality on the arterial PO2 and arterial PCO2? |
V/Q 1. Describe the normal relationship between ventilation and perfusion in an upright lung (draw graph)? 2. What conditions can increase V/Q mismatch? 3. Which tests can be done in clinical practice to demonstrate a V/Q mismatch? 4. Explain the reason for the normal PA-Pa O2 difference? 5. What is the effect of ventilation perfusion inequality on the arterial PO2 and arterial PCO2? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 31.3 | V/Q 1. Describe the normal relationship between ventilation and perfusion in an upright lung (draw graph)? 2. What conditions can increase V/Q mismatch? 3. Which tests can be done in clinical practice to demonstrate a V/Q mismatch? [...] 4. Explain the reason for the normal PA-Pa O2 difference? 5. What is the effect of ventilation perfusion inequality on the arterial PO2 and arterial PCO2? |
V/Q 1. Describe the normal relationship between ventilation and perfusion in an upright lung (draw graph)? 2. What conditions can increase V/Q mismatch? 3. Which tests can be done in clinical practice to demonstrate a V/Q mismatch? 4. Explain the reason for the normal PA-Pa O2 difference? 5. What is the effect of ventilation perfusion inequality on the arterial PO2 and arterial PCO2? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 31.4 | V/Q 1. Describe the normal relationship between ventilation and perfusion in an upright lung (draw graph)? 2. What conditions can increase V/Q mismatch? 3. Which tests can be done in clinical practice to demonstrate a V/Q mismatch? 4. Explain the reason for the normal PA-Pa O2 difference? [...] 5. What is the effect of ventilation perfusion inequality on the arterial PO2 and arterial PCO2? |
V/Q 1. Describe the normal relationship between ventilation and perfusion in an upright lung (draw graph)? 2. What conditions can increase V/Q mismatch? 3. Which tests can be done in clinical practice to demonstrate a V/Q mismatch? 4. Explain the reason for the normal PA-Pa O2 difference? 5. What is the effect of ventilation perfusion inequality on the arterial PO2 and arterial PCO2? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 31.5 | V/Q 1. Describe the normal relationship between ventilation and perfusion in an upright lung (draw graph)? 2. What conditions can increase V/Q mismatch? 3. Which tests can be done in clinical practice to demonstrate a V/Q mismatch? 4. Explain the reason for the normal PA-Pa O2 difference? 5. What is the effect of ventilation perfusion inequality on the arterial PO2 and arterial PCO2? [...] |
V/Q 1. Describe the normal relationship between ventilation and perfusion in an upright lung (draw graph)? 2. What conditions can increase V/Q mismatch? 3. Which tests can be done in clinical practice to demonstrate a V/Q mismatch? 4. Explain the reason for the normal PA-Pa O2 difference? 5. What is the effect of ventilation perfusion inequality on the arterial PO2 and arterial PCO2? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 32.1 | 1. Describe the neural connections of the visual pathways? [...] 2. Why is the fovea important for visual acuity? 3. What ocular factors influence visual acuity? 4. What does the fractions of a VA of 6/24 mean? 5. Describe the visual field defects of nerve sectioning at the optic chiasm and optic tract on the R? |
1. Describe the neural connections of the visual pathways? 2. Why is the fovea important for visual acuity? 3. What ocular factors influence visual acuity? 4. What does the fractions of a VA of 6/24 mean? 5. Describe the visual field defects of nerve sectioning at the optic chiasm and optic tract on the R? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  bitemporal hominopia contraleral homonymons homonionpia |
| 32.2 | 1. Describe the neural connections of the visual pathways? 2. Why is the fovea important for visual acuity? [...] 3. What ocular factors influence visual acuity? 4. What does the fractions of a VA of 6/24 mean? 5. Describe the visual field defects of nerve sectioning at the optic chiasm and optic tract on the R? |
1. Describe the neural connections of the visual pathways? 2. Why is the fovea important for visual acuity? 3. What ocular factors influence visual acuity? 4. What does the fractions of a VA of 6/24 mean? 5. Describe the visual field defects of nerve sectioning at the optic chiasm and optic tract on the R? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. bitemporal hominopia contraleral homonymons homonionpia |
| 32.3 | 1. Describe the neural connections of the visual pathways? 2. Why is the fovea important for visual acuity? 3. What ocular factors influence visual acuity? [...] 4. What does the fractions of a VA of 6/24 mean? 5. Describe the visual field defects of nerve sectioning at the optic chiasm and optic tract on the R? |
1. Describe the neural connections of the visual pathways? 2. Why is the fovea important for visual acuity? 3. What ocular factors influence visual acuity? 4. What does the fractions of a VA of 6/24 mean? 5. Describe the visual field defects of nerve sectioning at the optic chiasm and optic tract on the R? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. bitemporal hominopia contraleral homonymons homonionpia |
| 32.4 | 1. Describe the neural connections of the visual pathways? 2. Why is the fovea important for visual acuity? 3. What ocular factors influence visual acuity? 4. What does the fractions of a VA of 6/24 mean? [...] 5. Describe the visual field defects of nerve sectioning at the optic chiasm and optic tract on the R? |
1. Describe the neural connections of the visual pathways? 2. Why is the fovea important for visual acuity? 3. What ocular factors influence visual acuity? 4. What does the fractions of a VA of 6/24 mean? 5. Describe the visual field defects of nerve sectioning at the optic chiasm and optic tract on the R? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. bitemporal hominopia contraleral homonymons homonionpia |
| 32.5 | 1. Describe the neural connections of the visual pathways? 2. Why is the fovea important for visual acuity? 3. What ocular factors influence visual acuity? 4. What does the fractions of a VA of 6/24 mean? 5. Describe the visual field defects of nerve sectioning at the optic chiasm and optic tract on the R? [...] |
1. Describe the neural connections of the visual pathways? 2. Why is the fovea important for visual acuity? 3. What ocular factors influence visual acuity? 4. What does the fractions of a VA of 6/24 mean? 5. Describe the visual field defects of nerve sectioning at the optic chiasm and optic tract on the R? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. bitemporal hominopia contraleral homonymons homonionpia |
| 33.1 | Glucose homeostasis 1. What factors determine glucose homeostasis? [...] 2. What effect does glucagon have on BSL? 3. What happens to glucose homeostasis in the absence of insulin? 4. How does exercise affect glucose levels? 5. Describe the biosynthesis of insulin and describe the structure of the receptor? |
Glucose homeostasis 1. What factors determine glucose homeostasis? 2. What effect does glucagon have on BSL? 3. What happens to glucose homeostasis in the absence of insulin? 4. How does exercise affect glucose levels? 5. Describe the biosynthesis of insulin and describe the structure of the receptor? 1.  2.  3.  4.   5.  |
| 33.2 | Glucose homeostasis 1. What factors determine glucose homeostasis? 2. What effect does glucagon have on BSL? [...] 3. What happens to glucose homeostasis in the absence of insulin? 4. How does exercise affect glucose levels? 5. Describe the biosynthesis of insulin and describe the structure of the receptor? |
Glucose homeostasis 1. What factors determine glucose homeostasis? 2. What effect does glucagon have on BSL? 3. What happens to glucose homeostasis in the absence of insulin? 4. How does exercise affect glucose levels? 5. Describe the biosynthesis of insulin and describe the structure of the receptor? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 33.3 | Glucose homeostasis 1. What factors determine glucose homeostasis? 2. What effect does glucagon have on BSL? 3. What happens to glucose homeostasis in the absence of insulin? [...] 4. How does exercise affect glucose levels? 5. Describe the biosynthesis of insulin and describe the structure of the receptor? |
Glucose homeostasis 1. What factors determine glucose homeostasis? 2. What effect does glucagon have on BSL? 3. What happens to glucose homeostasis in the absence of insulin? 4. How does exercise affect glucose levels? 5. Describe the biosynthesis of insulin and describe the structure of the receptor? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 33.4 | Glucose homeostasis 1. What factors determine glucose homeostasis? 2. What effect does glucagon have on BSL? 3. What happens to glucose homeostasis in the absence of insulin? 4. How does exercise affect glucose levels? [...] 5. Describe the biosynthesis of insulin and describe the structure of the receptor? |
Glucose homeostasis 1. What factors determine glucose homeostasis? 2. What effect does glucagon have on BSL? 3. What happens to glucose homeostasis in the absence of insulin? 4. How does exercise affect glucose levels? 5. Describe the biosynthesis of insulin and describe the structure of the receptor? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 33.5 | Glucose homeostasis 1. What factors determine glucose homeostasis? 2. What effect does glucagon have on BSL? 3. What happens to glucose homeostasis in the absence of insulin? 4. How does exercise affect glucose levels? 5. Describe the biosynthesis of insulin and describe the structure of the receptor? [...] |
Glucose homeostasis 1. What factors determine glucose homeostasis? 2. What effect does glucagon have on BSL? 3. What happens to glucose homeostasis in the absence of insulin? 4. How does exercise affect glucose levels? 5. Describe the biosynthesis of insulin and describe the structure of the receptor? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 34.1 | Stretch reflex 1. Describe the components of the stretch reflex? [...] 2. How is it different from the withdrawal reflex? + describe the withdrawal reflex 3. What is a clonus? 4. Why does ankle clonus occur with UMN lesions? 5. What are the important characteristics of the polysynaptic reflexes? |
Stretch reflex 1. Describe the components of the stretch reflex? 2. How is it different from the withdrawal reflex? + describe the withdrawal reflex 3. What is a clonus? 4. Why does ankle clonus occur with UMN lesions? 5. What are the important characteristics of the polysynaptic reflexes? 1.   e.g  2.   3.  4.  5.  |
| 34.2 | Stretch reflex 1. Describe the components of the stretch reflex? 2. How is it different from the withdrawal reflex? + describe the withdrawal reflex [...] 3. What is a clonus? 4. Why does ankle clonus occur with UMN lesions? 5. What are the important characteristics of the polysynaptic reflexes? |
Stretch reflex 1. Describe the components of the stretch reflex? 2. How is it different from the withdrawal reflex? + describe the withdrawal reflex 3. What is a clonus? 4. Why does ankle clonus occur with UMN lesions? 5. What are the important characteristics of the polysynaptic reflexes? 1. e.g 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 34.3 | Stretch reflex 1. Describe the components of the stretch reflex? 2. How is it different from the withdrawal reflex? + describe the withdrawal reflex 3. What is a clonus? [...] 4. Why does ankle clonus occur with UMN lesions? 5. What are the important characteristics of the polysynaptic reflexes? |
Stretch reflex 1. Describe the components of the stretch reflex? 2. How is it different from the withdrawal reflex? + describe the withdrawal reflex 3. What is a clonus? 4. Why does ankle clonus occur with UMN lesions? 5. What are the important characteristics of the polysynaptic reflexes? 1. e.g 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 34.4 | Stretch reflex 1. Describe the components of the stretch reflex? 2. How is it different from the withdrawal reflex? + describe the withdrawal reflex 3. What is a clonus? 4. Why does ankle clonus occur with UMN lesions? [...] 5. What are the important characteristics of the polysynaptic reflexes? |
Stretch reflex 1. Describe the components of the stretch reflex? 2. How is it different from the withdrawal reflex? + describe the withdrawal reflex 3. What is a clonus? 4. Why does ankle clonus occur with UMN lesions? 5. What are the important characteristics of the polysynaptic reflexes? 1. e.g 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 34.5 | Stretch reflex 1. Describe the components of the stretch reflex? 2. How is it different from the withdrawal reflex? + describe the withdrawal reflex 3. What is a clonus? 4. Why does ankle clonus occur with UMN lesions? 5. What are the important characteristics of the polysynaptic reflexes? [...] |
Stretch reflex 1. Describe the components of the stretch reflex? 2. How is it different from the withdrawal reflex? + describe the withdrawal reflex 3. What is a clonus? 4. Why does ankle clonus occur with UMN lesions? 5. What are the important characteristics of the polysynaptic reflexes? 1. e.g 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 35.1 | Influenza 1. Describe structure of the influenza virus? [...] 2. What are the types and subtypes? 3. What is the pathological bases of pandemics and epidemics? 4. How does the human body clear a primary influenza virus infection? 5. How does it cause pneumonia? |
Influenza 1. Describe structure of the influenza virus? 2. What are the types and subtypes? 3. What is the pathological bases of pandemics and epidemics? 4. How does the human body clear a primary influenza virus infection? 5. How does it cause pneumonia? 1.   2.   3.  shift panda animal 4.  5.  |
| 35.2 | Influenza 1. Describe structure of the influenza virus? 2. What are the types and subtypes? [...] 3. What is the pathological bases of pandemics and epidemics? 4. How does the human body clear a primary influenza virus infection? 5. How does it cause pneumonia? |
Influenza 1. Describe structure of the influenza virus? 2. What are the types and subtypes? 3. What is the pathological bases of pandemics and epidemics? 4. How does the human body clear a primary influenza virus infection? 5. How does it cause pneumonia? 1. 2. 3. shift panda animal 4. 5. |
| 35.3 | Influenza 1. Describe structure of the influenza virus? 2. What are the types and subtypes? 3. What is the pathological bases of pandemics and epidemics? [...] 4. How does the human body clear a primary influenza virus infection? 5. How does it cause pneumonia? |
Influenza 1. Describe structure of the influenza virus? 2. What are the types and subtypes? 3. What is the pathological bases of pandemics and epidemics? 4. How does the human body clear a primary influenza virus infection? 5. How does it cause pneumonia? 1. 2. 3. shift panda animal 4. 5. |
| 35.4 | Influenza 1. Describe structure of the influenza virus? 2. What are the types and subtypes? 3. What is the pathological bases of pandemics and epidemics? 4. How does the human body clear a primary influenza virus infection? [...] 5. How does it cause pneumonia? |
Influenza 1. Describe structure of the influenza virus? 2. What are the types and subtypes? 3. What is the pathological bases of pandemics and epidemics? 4. How does the human body clear a primary influenza virus infection? 5. How does it cause pneumonia? 1. 2. 3. shift panda animal 4. 5. |
| 35.5 | Influenza 1. Describe structure of the influenza virus? 2. What are the types and subtypes? 3. What is the pathological bases of pandemics and epidemics? 4. How does the human body clear a primary influenza virus infection? 5. How does it cause pneumonia? [...] |
Influenza 1. Describe structure of the influenza virus? 2. What are the types and subtypes? 3. What is the pathological bases of pandemics and epidemics? 4. How does the human body clear a primary influenza virus infection? 5. How does it cause pneumonia? 1. 2. 3. shift panda animal 4. 5. |
| 36.1 | SAH 1. Most frequent cause? [...] 2. Where are saccular aneurysms located? 3. What are the genetic risk factors for saccular aneurysms? 4. What are the pathological consequences for SAH? 5. What factors increase the likelihood of rupture of these aneurysms? |
SAH 1. Most frequent cause? 2. Where are saccular aneurysms located? 3. What are the genetic risk factors for saccular aneurysms? 4. What are the pathological consequences for SAH? 5. What factors increase the likelihood of rupture of these aneurysms? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 36.2 | SAH 1. Most frequent cause? 2. Where are saccular aneurysms located? [...] 3. What are the genetic risk factors for saccular aneurysms? 4. What are the pathological consequences for SAH? 5. What factors increase the likelihood of rupture of these aneurysms? |
SAH 1. Most frequent cause? 2. Where are saccular aneurysms located? 3. What are the genetic risk factors for saccular aneurysms? 4. What are the pathological consequences for SAH? 5. What factors increase the likelihood of rupture of these aneurysms? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 36.3 | SAH 1. Most frequent cause? 2. Where are saccular aneurysms located? 3. What are the genetic risk factors for saccular aneurysms? [...] 4. What are the pathological consequences for SAH? 5. What factors increase the likelihood of rupture of these aneurysms? |
SAH 1. Most frequent cause? 2. Where are saccular aneurysms located? 3. What are the genetic risk factors for saccular aneurysms? 4. What are the pathological consequences for SAH? 5. What factors increase the likelihood of rupture of these aneurysms? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 36.4 | SAH 1. Most frequent cause? 2. Where are saccular aneurysms located? 3. What are the genetic risk factors for saccular aneurysms? 4. What are the pathological consequences for SAH? [...] 5. What factors increase the likelihood of rupture of these aneurysms? |
SAH 1. Most frequent cause? 2. Where are saccular aneurysms located? 3. What are the genetic risk factors for saccular aneurysms? 4. What are the pathological consequences for SAH? 5. What factors increase the likelihood of rupture of these aneurysms? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 36.5 | SAH 1. Most frequent cause? 2. Where are saccular aneurysms located? 3. What are the genetic risk factors for saccular aneurysms? 4. What are the pathological consequences for SAH? 5. What factors increase the likelihood of rupture of these aneurysms? [...] |
SAH 1. Most frequent cause? 2. Where are saccular aneurysms located? 3. What are the genetic risk factors for saccular aneurysms? 4. What are the pathological consequences for SAH? 5. What factors increase the likelihood of rupture of these aneurysms? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 37.1 | Emphysema 1. What is it? [...] 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How do the clinical features of emphysema differ from those with chronic bronchitis? 4. Types of emphysema? 5. Complications? |
Emphysema 1. What is it? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How do the clinical features of emphysema differ from those with chronic bronchitis? 4. Types of emphysema? 5. Complications? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 37.2 | Emphysema 1. What is it? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? [...] 3. How do the clinical features of emphysema differ from those with chronic bronchitis? 4. Types of emphysema? 5. Complications? |
Emphysema 1. What is it? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How do the clinical features of emphysema differ from those with chronic bronchitis? 4. Types of emphysema? 5. Complications? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 37.3 | Emphysema 1. What is it? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How do the clinical features of emphysema differ from those with chronic bronchitis? [...] 4. Types of emphysema? 5. Complications? |
Emphysema 1. What is it? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How do the clinical features of emphysema differ from those with chronic bronchitis? 4. Types of emphysema? 5. Complications? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 37.4 | Emphysema 1. What is it? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How do the clinical features of emphysema differ from those with chronic bronchitis? 4. Types of emphysema? [...] 5. Complications? |
Emphysema 1. What is it? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How do the clinical features of emphysema differ from those with chronic bronchitis? 4. Types of emphysema? 5. Complications? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 37.5 | Emphysema 1. What is it? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How do the clinical features of emphysema differ from those with chronic bronchitis? 4. Types of emphysema? 5. Complications? [...] |
Emphysema 1. What is it? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How do the clinical features of emphysema differ from those with chronic bronchitis? 4. Types of emphysema? 5. Complications? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 38.1 | Cipro 1. What class of drug? [...] 2. MOA? 3. Antimicrobial spectrum + clinical uses? 4. Potential adverse effects? 5. PK? |
Cipro 1. What class of drug? 2. MOA? 3. Antimicrobial spectrum + clinical uses? 4. Potential adverse effects? 5. PK? 1.  2.  3.   4.  seems same as doxyexcept for the prolonged QT 5.  same as fluclox |
| 38.2 | Cipro 1. What class of drug? 2. MOA? [...] 3. Antimicrobial spectrum + clinical uses? 4. Potential adverse effects? 5. PK? |
Cipro 1. What class of drug? 2. MOA? 3. Antimicrobial spectrum + clinical uses? 4. Potential adverse effects? 5. PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. seems same as doxyexcept for the prolonged QT 5. same as fluclox |
| 38.3 | Cipro 1. What class of drug? 2. MOA? 3. Antimicrobial spectrum + clinical uses? [...] 4. Potential adverse effects? 5. PK? |
Cipro 1. What class of drug? 2. MOA? 3. Antimicrobial spectrum + clinical uses? 4. Potential adverse effects? 5. PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. seems same as doxyexcept for the prolonged QT 5. same as fluclox |
| 38.4 | Cipro 1. What class of drug? 2. MOA? 3. Antimicrobial spectrum + clinical uses? 4. Potential adverse effects? [...] 5. PK? |
Cipro 1. What class of drug? 2. MOA? 3. Antimicrobial spectrum + clinical uses? 4. Potential adverse effects? 5. PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. seems same as doxyexcept for the prolonged QT 5. same as fluclox |
| 38.5 | Cipro 1. What class of drug? 2. MOA? 3. Antimicrobial spectrum + clinical uses? 4. Potential adverse effects? 5. PK? [...] |
Cipro 1. What class of drug? 2. MOA? 3. Antimicrobial spectrum + clinical uses? 4. Potential adverse effects? 5. PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. seems same as doxyexcept for the prolonged QT 5. same as fluclox |
| 39.1 | Ocreotide 1. MOA? [...] 2. Routes of administration? 3. Adverse effects? 4. PK? 5. Clinical uses? |
Ocreotide 1. MOA? 2. Routes of administration? 3. Adverse effects? 4. PK? 5. Clinical uses? 1.  2.  3.  4.   5.  |
| 39.2 | Ocreotide 1. MOA? 2. Routes of administration? [...] 3. Adverse effects? 4. PK? 5. Clinical uses? |
Ocreotide 1. MOA? 2. Routes of administration? 3. Adverse effects? 4. PK? 5. Clinical uses? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 39.3 | Ocreotide 1. MOA? 2. Routes of administration? 3. Adverse effects? [...] 4. PK? 5. Clinical uses? |
Ocreotide 1. MOA? 2. Routes of administration? 3. Adverse effects? 4. PK? 5. Clinical uses? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 39.4 | Ocreotide 1. MOA? 2. Routes of administration? 3. Adverse effects? 4. PK? [...] 5. Clinical uses? |
Ocreotide 1. MOA? 2. Routes of administration? 3. Adverse effects? 4. PK? 5. Clinical uses? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 39.5 | Ocreotide 1. MOA? 2. Routes of administration? 3. Adverse effects? 4. PK? 5. Clinical uses? [...] |
Ocreotide 1. MOA? 2. Routes of administration? 3. Adverse effects? 4. PK? 5. Clinical uses? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 40.1 | Larynx anatomy 1. What is the motor nerve supply of the larynx? [...] 2. What is the result of an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve? 3. Landmarks for a cricothyroidotomy? 4. Which cartilage in the larynx is fully circumferential? 5. Injury from a cricothyroidotomy? |
Larynx anatomy 1. What is the motor nerve supply of the larynx? 2. What is the result of an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve? 3. Landmarks for a cricothyroidotomy? 4. Which cartilage in the larynx is fully circumferential? 5. Injury from a cricothyroidotomy?   2.  3.  4. Cricoid cartilage 5.  |
| 40.2 | Larynx anatomy 1. What is the motor nerve supply of the larynx? 2. What is the result of an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve? [...] 3. Landmarks for a cricothyroidotomy? 4. Which cartilage in the larynx is fully circumferential? 5. Injury from a cricothyroidotomy? |
Larynx anatomy 1. What is the motor nerve supply of the larynx? 2. What is the result of an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve? 3. Landmarks for a cricothyroidotomy? 4. Which cartilage in the larynx is fully circumferential? 5. Injury from a cricothyroidotomy? 2. 3. 4. Cricoid cartilage 5. |
| 40.3 | Larynx anatomy 1. What is the motor nerve supply of the larynx? 2. What is the result of an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve? 3. Landmarks for a cricothyroidotomy? [...] 4. Which cartilage in the larynx is fully circumferential? 5. Injury from a cricothyroidotomy? |
Larynx anatomy 1. What is the motor nerve supply of the larynx? 2. What is the result of an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve? 3. Landmarks for a cricothyroidotomy? 4. Which cartilage in the larynx is fully circumferential? 5. Injury from a cricothyroidotomy? 2. 3. 4. Cricoid cartilage 5. |
| 40.4 | Larynx anatomy 1. What is the motor nerve supply of the larynx? 2. What is the result of an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve? 3. Landmarks for a cricothyroidotomy? 4. Which cartilage in the larynx is fully circumferential? [...] 5. Injury from a cricothyroidotomy? |
Larynx anatomy 1. What is the motor nerve supply of the larynx? 2. What is the result of an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve? 3. Landmarks for a cricothyroidotomy? 4. Which cartilage in the larynx is fully circumferential? 5. Injury from a cricothyroidotomy? 2. 3. 4. Cricoid cartilage 5. |
| 40.5 | Larynx anatomy 1. What is the motor nerve supply of the larynx? 2. What is the result of an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve? 3. Landmarks for a cricothyroidotomy? 4. Which cartilage in the larynx is fully circumferential? 5. Injury from a cricothyroidotomy? [...] |
Larynx anatomy 1. What is the motor nerve supply of the larynx? 2. What is the result of an injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve? 3. Landmarks for a cricothyroidotomy? 4. Which cartilage in the larynx is fully circumferential? 5. Injury from a cricothyroidotomy? 2. 3. 4. Cricoid cartilage 5. |
| 41.1 | ACh Physio 1. Describe the synthesis of ACh at the NMJ? [...] 2. Describe the sequence of events that leads to the release of ACh at the NMJ? 3. What happens to the ACh after release into the synaptic cleft? 4. Describe the sequence of events in the transmission of a motor nerve impulse to a muscle? 5. Describe the differences between the two types of ACh receptors? 6. How is ACh's effect terminated? |
ACh Physio 1. Describe the synthesis of ACh at the NMJ? 2. Describe the sequence of events that leads to the release of ACh at the NMJ? 3. What happens to the ACh after release into the synaptic cleft? 4. Describe the sequence of events in the transmission of a motor nerve impulse to a muscle? 5. Describe the differences between the two types of ACh receptors? 6. How is ACh's effect terminated? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  |
| 41.2 | ACh Physio 1. Describe the synthesis of ACh at the NMJ? 2. Describe the sequence of events that leads to the release of ACh at the NMJ? [...] 3. What happens to the ACh after release into the synaptic cleft? 4. Describe the sequence of events in the transmission of a motor nerve impulse to a muscle? 5. Describe the differences between the two types of ACh receptors? 6. How is ACh's effect terminated? |
ACh Physio 1. Describe the synthesis of ACh at the NMJ? 2. Describe the sequence of events that leads to the release of ACh at the NMJ? 3. What happens to the ACh after release into the synaptic cleft? 4. Describe the sequence of events in the transmission of a motor nerve impulse to a muscle? 5. Describe the differences between the two types of ACh receptors? 6. How is ACh's effect terminated? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 41.3 | ACh Physio 1. Describe the synthesis of ACh at the NMJ? 2. Describe the sequence of events that leads to the release of ACh at the NMJ? 3. What happens to the ACh after release into the synaptic cleft? [...] 4. Describe the sequence of events in the transmission of a motor nerve impulse to a muscle? 5. Describe the differences between the two types of ACh receptors? 6. How is ACh's effect terminated? |
ACh Physio 1. Describe the synthesis of ACh at the NMJ? 2. Describe the sequence of events that leads to the release of ACh at the NMJ? 3. What happens to the ACh after release into the synaptic cleft? 4. Describe the sequence of events in the transmission of a motor nerve impulse to a muscle? 5. Describe the differences between the two types of ACh receptors? 6. How is ACh's effect terminated? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 41.4 | ACh Physio 1. Describe the synthesis of ACh at the NMJ? 2. Describe the sequence of events that leads to the release of ACh at the NMJ? 3. What happens to the ACh after release into the synaptic cleft? 4. Describe the sequence of events in the transmission of a motor nerve impulse to a muscle? [...] 5. Describe the differences between the two types of ACh receptors? 6. How is ACh's effect terminated? |
ACh Physio 1. Describe the synthesis of ACh at the NMJ? 2. Describe the sequence of events that leads to the release of ACh at the NMJ? 3. What happens to the ACh after release into the synaptic cleft? 4. Describe the sequence of events in the transmission of a motor nerve impulse to a muscle? 5. Describe the differences between the two types of ACh receptors? 6. How is ACh's effect terminated? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 41.5 | ACh Physio 1. Describe the synthesis of ACh at the NMJ? 2. Describe the sequence of events that leads to the release of ACh at the NMJ? 3. What happens to the ACh after release into the synaptic cleft? 4. Describe the sequence of events in the transmission of a motor nerve impulse to a muscle? 5. Describe the differences between the two types of ACh receptors? [...] 6. How is ACh's effect terminated? |
ACh Physio 1. Describe the synthesis of ACh at the NMJ? 2. Describe the sequence of events that leads to the release of ACh at the NMJ? 3. What happens to the ACh after release into the synaptic cleft? 4. Describe the sequence of events in the transmission of a motor nerve impulse to a muscle? 5. Describe the differences between the two types of ACh receptors? 6. How is ACh's effect terminated? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
| 42.1 | Cardiac cycle 1. Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle and the associated LV Pressure changes? (draw the graph) [...] 2. When does the aortic valve open and shut? 3. What are the causes of reduced EDV? 4. Relate the wafeform of an ecg to the cardiac cycle? 5. Draw the JVP waves and explain when each wave happens and why? |
Cardiac cycle 1. Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle and the associated LV Pressure changes? (draw the graph) 2. When does the aortic valve open and shut? 3. What are the causes of reduced EDV? 4. Relate the wafeform of an ecg to the cardiac cycle? 5. Draw the JVP waves and explain when each wave happens and why? 1.   2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 42.2 | Cardiac cycle 1. Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle and the associated LV Pressure changes? (draw the graph) 2. When does the aortic valve open and shut? [...] 3. What are the causes of reduced EDV? 4. Relate the wafeform of an ecg to the cardiac cycle? 5. Draw the JVP waves and explain when each wave happens and why? |
Cardiac cycle 1. Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle and the associated LV Pressure changes? (draw the graph) 2. When does the aortic valve open and shut? 3. What are the causes of reduced EDV? 4. Relate the wafeform of an ecg to the cardiac cycle? 5. Draw the JVP waves and explain when each wave happens and why? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 42.3 | Cardiac cycle 1. Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle and the associated LV Pressure changes? (draw the graph) 2. When does the aortic valve open and shut? 3. What are the causes of reduced EDV? [...] 4. Relate the wafeform of an ecg to the cardiac cycle? 5. Draw the JVP waves and explain when each wave happens and why? |
Cardiac cycle 1. Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle and the associated LV Pressure changes? (draw the graph) 2. When does the aortic valve open and shut? 3. What are the causes of reduced EDV? 4. Relate the wafeform of an ecg to the cardiac cycle? 5. Draw the JVP waves and explain when each wave happens and why? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 42.4 | Cardiac cycle 1. Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle and the associated LV Pressure changes? (draw the graph) 2. When does the aortic valve open and shut? 3. What are the causes of reduced EDV? 4. Relate the wafeform of an ecg to the cardiac cycle? [...] 5. Draw the JVP waves and explain when each wave happens and why? |
Cardiac cycle 1. Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle and the associated LV Pressure changes? (draw the graph) 2. When does the aortic valve open and shut? 3. What are the causes of reduced EDV? 4. Relate the wafeform of an ecg to the cardiac cycle? 5. Draw the JVP waves and explain when each wave happens and why? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 42.5 | Cardiac cycle 1. Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle and the associated LV Pressure changes? (draw the graph) 2. When does the aortic valve open and shut? 3. What are the causes of reduced EDV? 4. Relate the wafeform of an ecg to the cardiac cycle? 5. Draw the JVP waves and explain when each wave happens and why? [...] |
Cardiac cycle 1. Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle and the associated LV Pressure changes? (draw the graph) 2. When does the aortic valve open and shut? 3. What are the causes of reduced EDV? 4. Relate the wafeform of an ecg to the cardiac cycle? 5. Draw the JVP waves and explain when each wave happens and why? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 43.1 | Penicillin 1. MOA? [...] 2. How does resistances occur? 3. Anti-microbial spectrum of penicillin G? 4. PK? 5. Clinical manifestations of penicillin allergy and other s/e? |
Penicillin 1. MOA? 2. How does resistances occur? 3. Anti-microbial spectrum of penicillin G? 4. PK? 5. Clinical manifestations of penicillin allergy and other s/e? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 43.2 | Penicillin 1. MOA? 2. How does resistances occur? [...] 3. Anti-microbial spectrum of penicillin G? 4. PK? 5. Clinical manifestations of penicillin allergy and other s/e? |
Penicillin 1. MOA? 2. How does resistances occur? 3. Anti-microbial spectrum of penicillin G? 4. PK? 5. Clinical manifestations of penicillin allergy and other s/e? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 43.3 | Penicillin 1. MOA? 2. How does resistances occur? 3. Anti-microbial spectrum of penicillin G? [...] 4. PK? 5. Clinical manifestations of penicillin allergy and other s/e? |
Penicillin 1. MOA? 2. How does resistances occur? 3. Anti-microbial spectrum of penicillin G? 4. PK? 5. Clinical manifestations of penicillin allergy and other s/e? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 43.4 | Penicillin 1. MOA? 2. How does resistances occur? 3. Anti-microbial spectrum of penicillin G? 4. PK? [...] 5. Clinical manifestations of penicillin allergy and other s/e? |
Penicillin 1. MOA? 2. How does resistances occur? 3. Anti-microbial spectrum of penicillin G? 4. PK? 5. Clinical manifestations of penicillin allergy and other s/e? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 43.5 | Penicillin 1. MOA? 2. How does resistances occur? 3. Anti-microbial spectrum of penicillin G? 4. PK? 5. Clinical manifestations of penicillin allergy and other s/e? [...] |
Penicillin 1. MOA? 2. How does resistances occur? 3. Anti-microbial spectrum of penicillin G? 4. PK? 5. Clinical manifestations of penicillin allergy and other s/e? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 44.1 | Heparin 1. MOA? [...] 2. Adverse effects? 3. Advantages of LMWH vs UFH? 4. How is heparin reversed? 5. MOA of LMWH vs UFH? |
Heparin 1. MOA? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Advantages of LMWH vs UFH? 4. How is heparin reversed? 5. MOA of LMWH vs UFH? 1.   2.   3.  4.  5.  |
| 44.2 | Heparin 1. MOA? 2. Adverse effects? [...] 3. Advantages of LMWH vs UFH? 4. How is heparin reversed? 5. MOA of LMWH vs UFH? |
Heparin 1. MOA? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Advantages of LMWH vs UFH? 4. How is heparin reversed? 5. MOA of LMWH vs UFH? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 44.3 | Heparin 1. MOA? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Advantages of LMWH vs UFH? [...] 4. How is heparin reversed? 5. MOA of LMWH vs UFH? |
Heparin 1. MOA? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Advantages of LMWH vs UFH? 4. How is heparin reversed? 5. MOA of LMWH vs UFH? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 44.4 | Heparin 1. MOA? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Advantages of LMWH vs UFH? 4. How is heparin reversed? [...] 5. MOA of LMWH vs UFH? |
Heparin 1. MOA? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Advantages of LMWH vs UFH? 4. How is heparin reversed? 5. MOA of LMWH vs UFH? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 44.5 | Heparin 1. MOA? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Advantages of LMWH vs UFH? 4. How is heparin reversed? 5. MOA of LMWH vs UFH? [...] |
Heparin 1. MOA? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Advantages of LMWH vs UFH? 4. How is heparin reversed? 5. MOA of LMWH vs UFH? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 45.1 | Warfarin 1. MOA? [...] 2. Why is there a delay in the onset of of action of warfarin? 3. What pharmacological agents are used in the reversal of warfarin? 4. Describe mechanisms by which drugs interact with warfarin? 5. Drugs that increase INR and that decrease INR? |
Warfarin 1. MOA? 2. Why is there a delay in the onset of of action of warfarin? 3. What pharmacological agents are used in the reversal of warfarin? 4. Describe mechanisms by which drugs interact with warfarin? 5. Drugs that increase INR and that decrease INR? 1.   2.  3.  4.    5.   |
| 45.2 | Warfarin 1. MOA? 2. Why is there a delay in the onset of of action of warfarin? [...] 3. What pharmacological agents are used in the reversal of warfarin? 4. Describe mechanisms by which drugs interact with warfarin? 5. Drugs that increase INR and that decrease INR? |
Warfarin 1. MOA? 2. Why is there a delay in the onset of of action of warfarin? 3. What pharmacological agents are used in the reversal of warfarin? 4. Describe mechanisms by which drugs interact with warfarin? 5. Drugs that increase INR and that decrease INR? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 45.3 | Warfarin 1. MOA? 2. Why is there a delay in the onset of of action of warfarin? 3. What pharmacological agents are used in the reversal of warfarin? [...] 4. Describe mechanisms by which drugs interact with warfarin? 5. Drugs that increase INR and that decrease INR? |
Warfarin 1. MOA? 2. Why is there a delay in the onset of of action of warfarin? 3. What pharmacological agents are used in the reversal of warfarin? 4. Describe mechanisms by which drugs interact with warfarin? 5. Drugs that increase INR and that decrease INR? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 45.4 | Warfarin 1. MOA? 2. Why is there a delay in the onset of of action of warfarin? 3. What pharmacological agents are used in the reversal of warfarin? 4. Describe mechanisms by which drugs interact with warfarin? [...] 5. Drugs that increase INR and that decrease INR? |
Warfarin 1. MOA? 2. Why is there a delay in the onset of of action of warfarin? 3. What pharmacological agents are used in the reversal of warfarin? 4. Describe mechanisms by which drugs interact with warfarin? 5. Drugs that increase INR and that decrease INR? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 45.5 | Warfarin 1. MOA? 2. Why is there a delay in the onset of of action of warfarin? 3. What pharmacological agents are used in the reversal of warfarin? 4. Describe mechanisms by which drugs interact with warfarin? 5. Drugs that increase INR and that decrease INR? [...] |
Warfarin 1. MOA? 2. Why is there a delay in the onset of of action of warfarin? 3. What pharmacological agents are used in the reversal of warfarin? 4. Describe mechanisms by which drugs interact with warfarin? 5. Drugs that increase INR and that decrease INR? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 46.1 | Chronic Inflammation 1. What cell types are present in chronic inflammation? [...] 2. What process mediate the persistent accumulation of M+ seen in chronic inflammation? 3. What clinical conditions can cause chronic inflammation? 4. What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation? 5. What products are released by activated M+ in chronic inflammation? |
Chronic Inflammation 1. What cell types are present in chronic inflammation? 2. What process mediate the persistent accumulation of M+ seen in chronic inflammation? 3. What clinical conditions can cause chronic inflammation? 4. What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation? 5. What products are released by activated M+ in chronic inflammation? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 46.2 | Chronic Inflammation 1. What cell types are present in chronic inflammation? 2. What process mediate the persistent accumulation of M+ seen in chronic inflammation? [...] 3. What clinical conditions can cause chronic inflammation? 4. What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation? 5. What products are released by activated M+ in chronic inflammation? |
Chronic Inflammation 1. What cell types are present in chronic inflammation? 2. What process mediate the persistent accumulation of M+ seen in chronic inflammation? 3. What clinical conditions can cause chronic inflammation? 4. What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation? 5. What products are released by activated M+ in chronic inflammation? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 46.3 | Chronic Inflammation 1. What cell types are present in chronic inflammation? 2. What process mediate the persistent accumulation of M+ seen in chronic inflammation? 3. What clinical conditions can cause chronic inflammation? [...] 4. What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation? 5. What products are released by activated M+ in chronic inflammation? |
Chronic Inflammation 1. What cell types are present in chronic inflammation? 2. What process mediate the persistent accumulation of M+ seen in chronic inflammation? 3. What clinical conditions can cause chronic inflammation? 4. What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation? 5. What products are released by activated M+ in chronic inflammation? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 46.4 | Chronic Inflammation 1. What cell types are present in chronic inflammation? 2. What process mediate the persistent accumulation of M+ seen in chronic inflammation? 3. What clinical conditions can cause chronic inflammation? 4. What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation? [...] 5. What products are released by activated M+ in chronic inflammation? |
Chronic Inflammation 1. What cell types are present in chronic inflammation? 2. What process mediate the persistent accumulation of M+ seen in chronic inflammation? 3. What clinical conditions can cause chronic inflammation? 4. What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation? 5. What products are released by activated M+ in chronic inflammation? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 46.5 | Chronic Inflammation 1. What cell types are present in chronic inflammation? 2. What process mediate the persistent accumulation of M+ seen in chronic inflammation? 3. What clinical conditions can cause chronic inflammation? 4. What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation? 5. What products are released by activated M+ in chronic inflammation? [...] |
Chronic Inflammation 1. What cell types are present in chronic inflammation? 2. What process mediate the persistent accumulation of M+ seen in chronic inflammation? 3. What clinical conditions can cause chronic inflammation? 4. What are the characteristics of chronic inflammation? 5. What products are released by activated M+ in chronic inflammation? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 47.1 | LA 1. What classes of LA are used in the ED? [...] 2. MOA? 3. Metabolism/excretion? 4. S/e of Lignocaine + dosage? 5. Bupivacaine PK? |
LA 1. What classes of LA are used in the ED? 2. MOA? 3. Metabolism/excretion? 4. S/e of Lignocaine + dosage? 5. Bupivacaine PK? 1.  2.  3.  4.   5.  |
| 47.2 | LA 1. What classes of LA are used in the ED? 2. MOA? [...] 3. Metabolism/excretion? 4. S/e of Lignocaine + dosage? 5. Bupivacaine PK? |
LA 1. What classes of LA are used in the ED? 2. MOA? 3. Metabolism/excretion? 4. S/e of Lignocaine + dosage? 5. Bupivacaine PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 47.3 | LA 1. What classes of LA are used in the ED? 2. MOA? 3. Metabolism/excretion? [...] 4. S/e of Lignocaine + dosage? 5. Bupivacaine PK? |
LA 1. What classes of LA are used in the ED? 2. MOA? 3. Metabolism/excretion? 4. S/e of Lignocaine + dosage? 5. Bupivacaine PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 47.4 | LA 1. What classes of LA are used in the ED? 2. MOA? 3. Metabolism/excretion? 4. S/e of Lignocaine + dosage? [...] 5. Bupivacaine PK? |
LA 1. What classes of LA are used in the ED? 2. MOA? 3. Metabolism/excretion? 4. S/e of Lignocaine + dosage? 5. Bupivacaine PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 47.5 | LA 1. What classes of LA are used in the ED? 2. MOA? 3. Metabolism/excretion? 4. S/e of Lignocaine + dosage? 5. Bupivacaine PK? [...] |
LA 1. What classes of LA are used in the ED? 2. MOA? 3. Metabolism/excretion? 4. S/e of Lignocaine + dosage? 5. Bupivacaine PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 48.1 | Atropine 1. MOA? [...] 2. PD? 3. Clinical uses? 4. PK? 5. Features of atropine poisoning? |
Atropine 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. Clinical uses? 4. PK? 5. Features of atropine poisoning? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 48.2 | Atropine 1. MOA? 2. PD? [...] 3. Clinical uses? 4. PK? 5. Features of atropine poisoning? |
Atropine 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. Clinical uses? 4. PK? 5. Features of atropine poisoning? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 48.3 | Atropine 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. Clinical uses? [...] 4. PK? 5. Features of atropine poisoning? |
Atropine 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. Clinical uses? 4. PK? 5. Features of atropine poisoning? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 48.4 | Atropine 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. Clinical uses? 4. PK? [...] 5. Features of atropine poisoning? |
Atropine 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. Clinical uses? 4. PK? 5. Features of atropine poisoning? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 48.5 | Atropine 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. Clinical uses? 4. PK? 5. Features of atropine poisoning? [...] |
Atropine 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. Clinical uses? 4. PK? 5. Features of atropine poisoning? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 49.1 | TCA 1. MOA? [...] 2.. What clinical manifestations would be seen in an overdose of TCAs? 3. Describe the Vd of TCAs? 4. What therapies for TCA toxicity might there be? 5. PK? |
TCA 1. MOA? 2.. What clinical manifestations would be seen in an overdose of TCAs? 3. Describe the Vd of TCAs? 4. What therapies for TCA toxicity might there be? 5. PK? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5. half-depressed but high for longer  |
| 49.2 | TCA 1. MOA? 2.. What clinical manifestations would be seen in an overdose of TCAs? [...] 3. Describe the Vd of TCAs? 4. What therapies for TCA toxicity might there be? 5. PK? |
TCA 1. MOA? 2.. What clinical manifestations would be seen in an overdose of TCAs? 3. Describe the Vd of TCAs? 4. What therapies for TCA toxicity might there be? 5. PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. half-depressed but high for longer |
| 49.3 | TCA 1. MOA? 2.. What clinical manifestations would be seen in an overdose of TCAs? 3. Describe the Vd of TCAs? [...] 4. What therapies for TCA toxicity might there be? 5. PK? |
TCA 1. MOA? 2.. What clinical manifestations would be seen in an overdose of TCAs? 3. Describe the Vd of TCAs? 4. What therapies for TCA toxicity might there be? 5. PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. half-depressed but high for longer |
| 49.4 | TCA 1. MOA? 2.. What clinical manifestations would be seen in an overdose of TCAs? 3. Describe the Vd of TCAs? 4. What therapies for TCA toxicity might there be? [...] 5. PK? |
TCA 1. MOA? 2.. What clinical manifestations would be seen in an overdose of TCAs? 3. Describe the Vd of TCAs? 4. What therapies for TCA toxicity might there be? 5. PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. half-depressed but high for longer |
| 49.5 | TCA 1. MOA? 2.. What clinical manifestations would be seen in an overdose of TCAs? 3. Describe the Vd of TCAs? 4. What therapies for TCA toxicity might there be? 5. PK? [...] |
TCA 1. MOA? 2.. What clinical manifestations would be seen in an overdose of TCAs? 3. Describe the Vd of TCAs? 4. What therapies for TCA toxicity might there be? 5. PK? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. half-depressed but high for longer |
| 50.1 | Gentamicin 1. Class of abx and MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. How do bacteria develop resistance? 4. Advantages of a single daily dosing regimen + S/e? 5. What organisms? |
Gentamicin 1. Class of abx and MOA? 2. PK? 3. How do bacteria develop resistance? 4. Advantages of a single daily dosing regimen + S/e? 5. What organisms? 1. Aminoglycoside  2.  3.  4.  .  5.  |
| 50.2 | Gentamicin 1. Class of abx and MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. How do bacteria develop resistance? 4. Advantages of a single daily dosing regimen + S/e? 5. What organisms? |
Gentamicin 1. Class of abx and MOA? 2. PK? 3. How do bacteria develop resistance? 4. Advantages of a single daily dosing regimen + S/e? 5. What organisms? 1. Aminoglycoside 2. 3. 4. . 5. |
| 50.3 | Gentamicin 1. Class of abx and MOA? 2. PK? 3. How do bacteria develop resistance? [...] 4. Advantages of a single daily dosing regimen + S/e? 5. What organisms? |
Gentamicin 1. Class of abx and MOA? 2. PK? 3. How do bacteria develop resistance? 4. Advantages of a single daily dosing regimen + S/e? 5. What organisms? 1. Aminoglycoside 2. 3. 4. . 5. |
| 50.4 | Gentamicin 1. Class of abx and MOA? 2. PK? 3. How do bacteria develop resistance? 4. Advantages of a single daily dosing regimen + S/e? [...] 5. What organisms? |
Gentamicin 1. Class of abx and MOA? 2. PK? 3. How do bacteria develop resistance? 4. Advantages of a single daily dosing regimen + S/e? 5. What organisms? 1. Aminoglycoside 2. 3. 4. . 5. |
| 50.5 | Gentamicin 1. Class of abx and MOA? 2. PK? 3. How do bacteria develop resistance? 4. Advantages of a single daily dosing regimen + S/e? 5. What organisms? [...] |
Gentamicin 1. Class of abx and MOA? 2. PK? 3. How do bacteria develop resistance? 4. Advantages of a single daily dosing regimen + S/e? 5. What organisms? 1. Aminoglycoside 2. 3. 4. . 5. |
| 51.1 | Insulin physiology 1. What factors affect insulin secretion? [...] 2. Describe the principle actions of insulin? 3. What are the effects of insulin on carbohydrate regulation and metabolism in different tissues? 4. effects of insulin deficiency? 5. What happens when insulin binds to its receptor? |
Insulin physiology 1. What factors affect insulin secretion? 2. Describe the principle actions of insulin? 3. What are the effects of insulin on carbohydrate regulation and metabolism in different tissues? 4. effects of insulin deficiency? 5. What happens when insulin binds to its receptor? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.   |
| 51.2 | Insulin physiology 1. What factors affect insulin secretion? 2. Describe the principle actions of insulin? [...] 3. What are the effects of insulin on carbohydrate regulation and metabolism in different tissues? 4. effects of insulin deficiency? 5. What happens when insulin binds to its receptor? |
Insulin physiology 1. What factors affect insulin secretion? 2. Describe the principle actions of insulin? 3. What are the effects of insulin on carbohydrate regulation and metabolism in different tissues? 4. effects of insulin deficiency? 5. What happens when insulin binds to its receptor? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 51.3 | Insulin physiology 1. What factors affect insulin secretion? 2. Describe the principle actions of insulin? 3. What are the effects of insulin on carbohydrate regulation and metabolism in different tissues? [...] 4. effects of insulin deficiency? 5. What happens when insulin binds to its receptor? |
Insulin physiology 1. What factors affect insulin secretion? 2. Describe the principle actions of insulin? 3. What are the effects of insulin on carbohydrate regulation and metabolism in different tissues? 4. effects of insulin deficiency? 5. What happens when insulin binds to its receptor? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 51.4 | Insulin physiology 1. What factors affect insulin secretion? 2. Describe the principle actions of insulin? 3. What are the effects of insulin on carbohydrate regulation and metabolism in different tissues? 4. effects of insulin deficiency? [...] 5. What happens when insulin binds to its receptor? |
Insulin physiology 1. What factors affect insulin secretion? 2. Describe the principle actions of insulin? 3. What are the effects of insulin on carbohydrate regulation and metabolism in different tissues? 4. effects of insulin deficiency? 5. What happens when insulin binds to its receptor? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 51.5 | Insulin physiology 1. What factors affect insulin secretion? 2. Describe the principle actions of insulin? 3. What are the effects of insulin on carbohydrate regulation and metabolism in different tissues? 4. effects of insulin deficiency? 5. What happens when insulin binds to its receptor? [...] |
Insulin physiology 1. What factors affect insulin secretion? 2. Describe the principle actions of insulin? 3. What are the effects of insulin on carbohydrate regulation and metabolism in different tissues? 4. effects of insulin deficiency? 5. What happens when insulin binds to its receptor? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 52.1 | Hep B 1. How may it lead to upper GI bleeding? [...] 2. What are the other complications? 3. Transmission? 4. Other possible outcomes other than chronic hepatitis? 5. Serum markers of acute infection? |
Hep B 1. How may it lead to upper GI bleeding? 2. What are the other complications? 3. Transmission? 4. Other possible outcomes other than chronic hepatitis? 5. Serum markers of acute infection? 1.  2.  3.  4.   5.  |
| 52.2 | Hep B 1. How may it lead to upper GI bleeding? 2. What are the other complications? [...] 3. Transmission? 4. Other possible outcomes other than chronic hepatitis? 5. Serum markers of acute infection? |
Hep B 1. How may it lead to upper GI bleeding? 2. What are the other complications? 3. Transmission? 4. Other possible outcomes other than chronic hepatitis? 5. Serum markers of acute infection? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 52.3 | Hep B 1. How may it lead to upper GI bleeding? 2. What are the other complications? 3. Transmission? [...] 4. Other possible outcomes other than chronic hepatitis? 5. Serum markers of acute infection? |
Hep B 1. How may it lead to upper GI bleeding? 2. What are the other complications? 3. Transmission? 4. Other possible outcomes other than chronic hepatitis? 5. Serum markers of acute infection? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 52.4 | Hep B 1. How may it lead to upper GI bleeding? 2. What are the other complications? 3. Transmission? 4. Other possible outcomes other than chronic hepatitis? [...] 5. Serum markers of acute infection? |
Hep B 1. How may it lead to upper GI bleeding? 2. What are the other complications? 3. Transmission? 4. Other possible outcomes other than chronic hepatitis? 5. Serum markers of acute infection? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 52.5 | Hep B 1. How may it lead to upper GI bleeding? 2. What are the other complications? 3. Transmission? 4. Other possible outcomes other than chronic hepatitis? 5. Serum markers of acute infection? [...] |
Hep B 1. How may it lead to upper GI bleeding? 2. What are the other complications? 3. Transmission? 4. Other possible outcomes other than chronic hepatitis? 5. Serum markers of acute infection? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 53.1 | Hep A 1. causaitve agent and transmission? [...] 2. Clinical outcomes how it differs from Hep B? 3. How is it diagnosed serologically? 4. Graph of serological markers? 5. Incubation period? |
Hep A 1. causaitve agent and transmission? 2. Clinical outcomes how it differs from Hep B? 3. How is it diagnosed serologically? 4. Graph of serological markers? 5. Incubation period?  4.   5.  |
| 53.2 | Hep A 1. causaitve agent and transmission? 2. Clinical outcomes how it differs from Hep B? [...] 3. How is it diagnosed serologically? 4. Graph of serological markers? 5. Incubation period? |
Hep A 1. causaitve agent and transmission? 2. Clinical outcomes how it differs from Hep B? 3. How is it diagnosed serologically? 4. Graph of serological markers? 5. Incubation period? 4. 5. |
| 53.3 | Hep A 1. causaitve agent and transmission? 2. Clinical outcomes how it differs from Hep B? 3. How is it diagnosed serologically? [...] 4. Graph of serological markers? 5. Incubation period? |
Hep A 1. causaitve agent and transmission? 2. Clinical outcomes how it differs from Hep B? 3. How is it diagnosed serologically? 4. Graph of serological markers? 5. Incubation period? 4. 5. |
| 53.4 | Hep A 1. causaitve agent and transmission? 2. Clinical outcomes how it differs from Hep B? 3. How is it diagnosed serologically? 4. Graph of serological markers? [...] 5. Incubation period? |
Hep A 1. causaitve agent and transmission? 2. Clinical outcomes how it differs from Hep B? 3. How is it diagnosed serologically? 4. Graph of serological markers? 5. Incubation period? 4. 5. |
| 53.5 | Hep A 1. causaitve agent and transmission? 2. Clinical outcomes how it differs from Hep B? 3. How is it diagnosed serologically? 4. Graph of serological markers? 5. Incubation period? [...] |
Hep A 1. causaitve agent and transmission? 2. Clinical outcomes how it differs from Hep B? 3. How is it diagnosed serologically? 4. Graph of serological markers? 5. Incubation period? 4. 5. |
| 54.1 | Sodium Valproate 1. PK? [...] 2. Adverse effects? 3. Capacity limited protein binding kinetics. What is this? 4. MOA? 5. What protential drug interactions can occur with sodium valproate? |
Sodium Valproate 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Capacity limited protein binding kinetics. What is this? 4. MOA? 5. What protential drug interactions can occur with sodium valproate?  4.  5.  |
| 54.2 | Sodium Valproate 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? [...] 3. Capacity limited protein binding kinetics. What is this? 4. MOA? 5. What protential drug interactions can occur with sodium valproate? |
Sodium Valproate 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Capacity limited protein binding kinetics. What is this? 4. MOA? 5. What protential drug interactions can occur with sodium valproate? 4. 5. |
| 54.3 | Sodium Valproate 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Capacity limited protein binding kinetics. What is this? [...] 4. MOA? 5. What protential drug interactions can occur with sodium valproate? |
Sodium Valproate 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Capacity limited protein binding kinetics. What is this? 4. MOA? 5. What protential drug interactions can occur with sodium valproate? 4. 5. |
| 54.4 | Sodium Valproate 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Capacity limited protein binding kinetics. What is this? 4. MOA? [...] 5. What protential drug interactions can occur with sodium valproate? |
Sodium Valproate 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Capacity limited protein binding kinetics. What is this? 4. MOA? 5. What protential drug interactions can occur with sodium valproate? 4. 5. |
| 54.5 | Sodium Valproate 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Capacity limited protein binding kinetics. What is this? 4. MOA? 5. What protential drug interactions can occur with sodium valproate? [...] |
Sodium Valproate 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Capacity limited protein binding kinetics. What is this? 4. MOA? 5. What protential drug interactions can occur with sodium valproate? 4. 5. |
| 55.1 | Beta blockers 1. MOA in general? [...] 2. PK of metoprolol? 3. S/e of beta blockers? 4. PD of propranolol? 5. Propranolol vs metoprolol in its action at beta receptors? |
Beta blockers 1. MOA in general? 2. PK of metoprolol? 3. S/e of beta blockers? 4. PD of propranolol? 5. Propranolol vs metoprolol in its action at beta receptors? 1.     2.  50-5-10-95 CYP2D6 3.  4. 5.  |
| 55.2 | Beta blockers 1. MOA in general? 2. PK of metoprolol? [...] 3. S/e of beta blockers? 4. PD of propranolol? 5. Propranolol vs metoprolol in its action at beta receptors? |
Beta blockers 1. MOA in general? 2. PK of metoprolol? 3. S/e of beta blockers? 4. PD of propranolol? 5. Propranolol vs metoprolol in its action at beta receptors? 1. 2. 50-5-10-95 CYP2D6 3. 4. 5. |
| 55.3 | Beta blockers 1. MOA in general? 2. PK of metoprolol? 3. S/e of beta blockers? [...] 4. PD of propranolol? 5. Propranolol vs metoprolol in its action at beta receptors? |
Beta blockers 1. MOA in general? 2. PK of metoprolol? 3. S/e of beta blockers? 4. PD of propranolol? 5. Propranolol vs metoprolol in its action at beta receptors? 1. 2. 50-5-10-95 CYP2D6 3. 4. 5. |
| 55.4 | Beta blockers 1. MOA in general? 2. PK of metoprolol? 3. S/e of beta blockers? 4. PD of propranolol? [...] 5. Propranolol vs metoprolol in its action at beta receptors? |
Beta blockers 1. MOA in general? 2. PK of metoprolol? 3. S/e of beta blockers? 4. PD of propranolol? 5. Propranolol vs metoprolol in its action at beta receptors? 1. 2. 50-5-10-95 CYP2D6 3. 4. 5. |
| 55.5 | Beta blockers 1. MOA in general? 2. PK of metoprolol? 3. S/e of beta blockers? 4. PD of propranolol? 5. Propranolol vs metoprolol in its action at beta receptors? [...] |
Beta blockers 1. MOA in general? 2. PK of metoprolol? 3. S/e of beta blockers? 4. PD of propranolol? 5. Propranolol vs metoprolol in its action at beta receptors? 1. 2. 50-5-10-95 CYP2D6 3. 4. 5. |
| 56.1 | Paracetamol 1. PK? [...] 2. How does paracetamol cause toxicity in overdose? 3. What are the features of paracetamol toxicity? 4. How does NAC work in Rx of paracetamol overdose? 5. MOA and toxic dose? |
Paracetamol 1. PK? 2. How does paracetamol cause toxicity in overdose? 3. What are the features of paracetamol toxicity? 4. How does NAC work in Rx of paracetamol overdose? 5. MOA and toxic dose? 1.  2.  toxicity is zero order kinetics 3.  4.  5.   |
| 56.2 | Paracetamol 1. PK? 2. How does paracetamol cause toxicity in overdose? [...] 3. What are the features of paracetamol toxicity? 4. How does NAC work in Rx of paracetamol overdose? 5. MOA and toxic dose? |
Paracetamol 1. PK? 2. How does paracetamol cause toxicity in overdose? 3. What are the features of paracetamol toxicity? 4. How does NAC work in Rx of paracetamol overdose? 5. MOA and toxic dose? 1. 2. toxicity is zero order kinetics 3. 4. 5. |
| 56.3 | Paracetamol 1. PK? 2. How does paracetamol cause toxicity in overdose? 3. What are the features of paracetamol toxicity? [...] 4. How does NAC work in Rx of paracetamol overdose? 5. MOA and toxic dose? |
Paracetamol 1. PK? 2. How does paracetamol cause toxicity in overdose? 3. What are the features of paracetamol toxicity? 4. How does NAC work in Rx of paracetamol overdose? 5. MOA and toxic dose? 1. 2. toxicity is zero order kinetics 3. 4. 5. |
| 56.4 | Paracetamol 1. PK? 2. How does paracetamol cause toxicity in overdose? 3. What are the features of paracetamol toxicity? 4. How does NAC work in Rx of paracetamol overdose? [...] 5. MOA and toxic dose? |
Paracetamol 1. PK? 2. How does paracetamol cause toxicity in overdose? 3. What are the features of paracetamol toxicity? 4. How does NAC work in Rx of paracetamol overdose? 5. MOA and toxic dose? 1. 2. toxicity is zero order kinetics 3. 4. 5. |
| 56.5 | Paracetamol 1. PK? 2. How does paracetamol cause toxicity in overdose? 3. What are the features of paracetamol toxicity? 4. How does NAC work in Rx of paracetamol overdose? 5. MOA and toxic dose? [...] |
Paracetamol 1. PK? 2. How does paracetamol cause toxicity in overdose? 3. What are the features of paracetamol toxicity? 4. How does NAC work in Rx of paracetamol overdose? 5. MOA and toxic dose? 1. 2. toxicity is zero order kinetics 3. 4. 5. |
| 57.1 | Hb O2 dissociation curve 1. Draw and describe the features of the Hb O2 dissociation curve? [...] 2. What factors cause shift in the curve? 3. What are the implications of the shape of the curve? 4. How is O2 carred in the blood? 5. Effects of CO on Hb O2 carrying capacity? |
Hb O2 dissociation curve 1. Draw and describe the features of the Hb O2 dissociation curve? 2. What factors cause shift in the curve? 3. What are the implications of the shape of the curve? 4. How is O2 carred in the blood? 5. Effects of CO on Hb O2 carrying capacity? 1.   2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 57.2 | Hb O2 dissociation curve 1. Draw and describe the features of the Hb O2 dissociation curve? 2. What factors cause shift in the curve? [...] 3. What are the implications of the shape of the curve? 4. How is O2 carred in the blood? 5. Effects of CO on Hb O2 carrying capacity? |
Hb O2 dissociation curve 1. Draw and describe the features of the Hb O2 dissociation curve? 2. What factors cause shift in the curve? 3. What are the implications of the shape of the curve? 4. How is O2 carred in the blood? 5. Effects of CO on Hb O2 carrying capacity? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 57.3 | Hb O2 dissociation curve 1. Draw and describe the features of the Hb O2 dissociation curve? 2. What factors cause shift in the curve? 3. What are the implications of the shape of the curve? [...] 4. How is O2 carred in the blood? 5. Effects of CO on Hb O2 carrying capacity? |
Hb O2 dissociation curve 1. Draw and describe the features of the Hb O2 dissociation curve? 2. What factors cause shift in the curve? 3. What are the implications of the shape of the curve? 4. How is O2 carred in the blood? 5. Effects of CO on Hb O2 carrying capacity? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 57.4 | Hb O2 dissociation curve 1. Draw and describe the features of the Hb O2 dissociation curve? 2. What factors cause shift in the curve? 3. What are the implications of the shape of the curve? 4. How is O2 carred in the blood? [...] 5. Effects of CO on Hb O2 carrying capacity? |
Hb O2 dissociation curve 1. Draw and describe the features of the Hb O2 dissociation curve? 2. What factors cause shift in the curve? 3. What are the implications of the shape of the curve? 4. How is O2 carred in the blood? 5. Effects of CO on Hb O2 carrying capacity? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 57.5 | Hb O2 dissociation curve 1. Draw and describe the features of the Hb O2 dissociation curve? 2. What factors cause shift in the curve? 3. What are the implications of the shape of the curve? 4. How is O2 carred in the blood? 5. Effects of CO on Hb O2 carrying capacity? [...] |
Hb O2 dissociation curve 1. Draw and describe the features of the Hb O2 dissociation curve? 2. What factors cause shift in the curve? 3. What are the implications of the shape of the curve? 4. How is O2 carred in the blood? 5. Effects of CO on Hb O2 carrying capacity? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 58.1 | Coronary blood flow 1. What is the coronary blood flow at rest? [...] 2. Describe the coronary artery blood flow during the cardiac cycle? 3. What chemical factors may cause coronary vasodilation? 4. What receptors govern coronary blood flow? 5. What factors can decrease CBF? |
Coronary blood flow 1. What is the coronary blood flow at rest? 2. Describe the coronary artery blood flow during the cardiac cycle? 3. What chemical factors may cause coronary vasodilation? 4. What receptors govern coronary blood flow? 5. What factors can decrease CBF? 1.2.3.4  5.  |
| 58.2 | Coronary blood flow 1. What is the coronary blood flow at rest? 2. Describe the coronary artery blood flow during the cardiac cycle? [...] 3. What chemical factors may cause coronary vasodilation? 4. What receptors govern coronary blood flow? 5. What factors can decrease CBF? |
Coronary blood flow 1. What is the coronary blood flow at rest? 2. Describe the coronary artery blood flow during the cardiac cycle? 3. What chemical factors may cause coronary vasodilation? 4. What receptors govern coronary blood flow? 5. What factors can decrease CBF? 1.2.3.4 5. |
| 58.3 | Coronary blood flow 1. What is the coronary blood flow at rest? 2. Describe the coronary artery blood flow during the cardiac cycle? 3. What chemical factors may cause coronary vasodilation? [...] 4. What receptors govern coronary blood flow? 5. What factors can decrease CBF? |
Coronary blood flow 1. What is the coronary blood flow at rest? 2. Describe the coronary artery blood flow during the cardiac cycle? 3. What chemical factors may cause coronary vasodilation? 4. What receptors govern coronary blood flow? 5. What factors can decrease CBF? 1.2.3.4 5. |
| 58.4 | Coronary blood flow 1. What is the coronary blood flow at rest? 2. Describe the coronary artery blood flow during the cardiac cycle? 3. What chemical factors may cause coronary vasodilation? 4. What receptors govern coronary blood flow? [...] 5. What factors can decrease CBF? |
Coronary blood flow 1. What is the coronary blood flow at rest? 2. Describe the coronary artery blood flow during the cardiac cycle? 3. What chemical factors may cause coronary vasodilation? 4. What receptors govern coronary blood flow? 5. What factors can decrease CBF? 1.2.3.4 5. |
| 58.5 | Coronary blood flow 1. What is the coronary blood flow at rest? 2. Describe the coronary artery blood flow during the cardiac cycle? 3. What chemical factors may cause coronary vasodilation? 4. What receptors govern coronary blood flow? 5. What factors can decrease CBF? [...] |
Coronary blood flow 1. What is the coronary blood flow at rest? 2. Describe the coronary artery blood flow during the cardiac cycle? 3. What chemical factors may cause coronary vasodilation? 4. What receptors govern coronary blood flow? 5. What factors can decrease CBF? 1.2.3.4 5. |
| 59.1 | Ca channel blockers 1. MOA? [...] 2. S/e? 3. Effects of Ca channel blockers on smooth muscle? 4. By what mechanisms do Ca channel blockers control angina? 5. Why is verapamil more efficacious than dihydropyridines in the treatment of arrhythmias? |
Ca channel blockers 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Effects of Ca channel blockers on smooth muscle? 4. By what mechanisms do Ca channel blockers control angina? 5. Why is verapamil more efficacious than dihydropyridines in the treatment of arrhythmias? 1.  2.   |
| 59.2 | Ca channel blockers 1. MOA? 2. S/e? [...] 3. Effects of Ca channel blockers on smooth muscle? 4. By what mechanisms do Ca channel blockers control angina? 5. Why is verapamil more efficacious than dihydropyridines in the treatment of arrhythmias? |
Ca channel blockers 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Effects of Ca channel blockers on smooth muscle? 4. By what mechanisms do Ca channel blockers control angina? 5. Why is verapamil more efficacious than dihydropyridines in the treatment of arrhythmias? 1. 2. |
| 59.3 | Ca channel blockers 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Effects of Ca channel blockers on smooth muscle? [...] 4. By what mechanisms do Ca channel blockers control angina? 5. Why is verapamil more efficacious than dihydropyridines in the treatment of arrhythmias? |
Ca channel blockers 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Effects of Ca channel blockers on smooth muscle? 4. By what mechanisms do Ca channel blockers control angina? 5. Why is verapamil more efficacious than dihydropyridines in the treatment of arrhythmias? 1. 2. |
| 59.4 | Ca channel blockers 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Effects of Ca channel blockers on smooth muscle? 4. By what mechanisms do Ca channel blockers control angina? [...] 5. Why is verapamil more efficacious than dihydropyridines in the treatment of arrhythmias? |
Ca channel blockers 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Effects of Ca channel blockers on smooth muscle? 4. By what mechanisms do Ca channel blockers control angina? 5. Why is verapamil more efficacious than dihydropyridines in the treatment of arrhythmias? 1. 2. |
| 59.5 | Ca channel blockers 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Effects of Ca channel blockers on smooth muscle? 4. By what mechanisms do Ca channel blockers control angina? 5. Why is verapamil more efficacious than dihydropyridines in the treatment of arrhythmias? [...] |
Ca channel blockers 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Effects of Ca channel blockers on smooth muscle? 4. By what mechanisms do Ca channel blockers control angina? 5. Why is verapamil more efficacious than dihydropyridines in the treatment of arrhythmias? 1. 2. |
| 60.1 | Furosemide 1. PK? [...] 2. Adverse effects? 3. Drug interactions? 4. MOA? 5. What effect does it have on renal handling of Ca and Mg? |
Furosemide 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Drug interactions? 4. MOA? 5. What effect does it have on renal handling of Ca and Mg?    |
| 60.2 | Furosemide 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? [...] 3. Drug interactions? 4. MOA? 5. What effect does it have on renal handling of Ca and Mg? |
Furosemide 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Drug interactions? 4. MOA? 5. What effect does it have on renal handling of Ca and Mg? |
| 60.3 | Furosemide 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Drug interactions? [...] 4. MOA? 5. What effect does it have on renal handling of Ca and Mg? |
Furosemide 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Drug interactions? 4. MOA? 5. What effect does it have on renal handling of Ca and Mg? |
| 60.4 | Furosemide 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Drug interactions? 4. MOA? [...] 5. What effect does it have on renal handling of Ca and Mg? |
Furosemide 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Drug interactions? 4. MOA? 5. What effect does it have on renal handling of Ca and Mg? |
| 60.5 | Furosemide 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Drug interactions? 4. MOA? 5. What effect does it have on renal handling of Ca and Mg? [...] |
Furosemide 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Drug interactions? 4. MOA? 5. What effect does it have on renal handling of Ca and Mg? |
| 61.1 | H1 antagonists 1. Indications? [...] 2. Major adverse effects? 3. SIgnificant potential drug interactions? 4. How do you classify H1 antagonists? 5. PD of Promethazine |
H1 antagonists 1. Indications? 2. Major adverse effects? 3. SIgnificant potential drug interactions? 4. How do you classify H1 antagonists? 5. PD of Promethazine 1,2,3  4.  5.  |
| 61.2 | H1 antagonists 1. Indications? 2. Major adverse effects? [...] 3. SIgnificant potential drug interactions? 4. How do you classify H1 antagonists? 5. PD of Promethazine |
H1 antagonists 1. Indications? 2. Major adverse effects? 3. SIgnificant potential drug interactions? 4. How do you classify H1 antagonists? 5. PD of Promethazine 1,2,3 4. 5. |
| 61.3 | H1 antagonists 1. Indications? 2. Major adverse effects? 3. SIgnificant potential drug interactions? [...] 4. How do you classify H1 antagonists? 5. PD of Promethazine |
H1 antagonists 1. Indications? 2. Major adverse effects? 3. SIgnificant potential drug interactions? 4. How do you classify H1 antagonists? 5. PD of Promethazine 1,2,3 4. 5. |
| 61.4 | H1 antagonists 1. Indications? 2. Major adverse effects? 3. SIgnificant potential drug interactions? 4. How do you classify H1 antagonists? [...] 5. PD of Promethazine |
H1 antagonists 1. Indications? 2. Major adverse effects? 3. SIgnificant potential drug interactions? 4. How do you classify H1 antagonists? 5. PD of Promethazine 1,2,3 4. 5. |
| 61.5 | H1 antagonists 1. Indications? 2. Major adverse effects? 3. SIgnificant potential drug interactions? 4. How do you classify H1 antagonists? 5. PD of Promethazine [...] |
H1 antagonists 1. Indications? 2. Major adverse effects? 3. SIgnificant potential drug interactions? 4. How do you classify H1 antagonists? 5. PD of Promethazine 1,2,3 4. 5. |
| 62.1 | ACE inhibitors 1. MOA ? [...] 2. Adverse effects? 3. What adverse drug interactions may occur with ACEi? 4. What advatnages do ARBs have over ACEis? 5. Metabolism/Excretion of ACEis? |
ACE inhibitors 1. MOA ? 2. Adverse effects? 3. What adverse drug interactions may occur with ACEi? 4. What advatnages do ARBs have over ACEis? 5. Metabolism/Excretion of ACEis? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 62.2 | ACE inhibitors 1. MOA ? 2. Adverse effects? [...] 3. What adverse drug interactions may occur with ACEi? 4. What advatnages do ARBs have over ACEis? 5. Metabolism/Excretion of ACEis? |
ACE inhibitors 1. MOA ? 2. Adverse effects? 3. What adverse drug interactions may occur with ACEi? 4. What advatnages do ARBs have over ACEis? 5. Metabolism/Excretion of ACEis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 62.3 | ACE inhibitors 1. MOA ? 2. Adverse effects? 3. What adverse drug interactions may occur with ACEi? [...] 4. What advatnages do ARBs have over ACEis? 5. Metabolism/Excretion of ACEis? |
ACE inhibitors 1. MOA ? 2. Adverse effects? 3. What adverse drug interactions may occur with ACEi? 4. What advatnages do ARBs have over ACEis? 5. Metabolism/Excretion of ACEis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 62.4 | ACE inhibitors 1. MOA ? 2. Adverse effects? 3. What adverse drug interactions may occur with ACEi? 4. What advatnages do ARBs have over ACEis? [...] 5. Metabolism/Excretion of ACEis? |
ACE inhibitors 1. MOA ? 2. Adverse effects? 3. What adverse drug interactions may occur with ACEi? 4. What advatnages do ARBs have over ACEis? 5. Metabolism/Excretion of ACEis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 62.5 | ACE inhibitors 1. MOA ? 2. Adverse effects? 3. What adverse drug interactions may occur with ACEi? 4. What advatnages do ARBs have over ACEis? 5. Metabolism/Excretion of ACEis? [...] |
ACE inhibitors 1. MOA ? 2. Adverse effects? 3. What adverse drug interactions may occur with ACEi? 4. What advatnages do ARBs have over ACEis? 5. Metabolism/Excretion of ACEis? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 63.1 | Salbutamol 1. What B receptor types are there and MOA? [...] 2. Effects of B2 selective agonists? 3. MOA of salbutamol? 4. S/e of Salbutamol 5. PK of salbutamol? |
Salbutamol 1. What B receptor types are there and MOA? 2. Effects of B2 selective agonists? 3. MOA of salbutamol? 4. S/e of Salbutamol 5. PK of salbutamol? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  |
| 63.2 | Salbutamol 1. What B receptor types are there and MOA? 2. Effects of B2 selective agonists? [...] 3. MOA of salbutamol? 4. S/e of Salbutamol 5. PK of salbutamol? |
Salbutamol 1. What B receptor types are there and MOA? 2. Effects of B2 selective agonists? 3. MOA of salbutamol? 4. S/e of Salbutamol 5. PK of salbutamol? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 63.3 | Salbutamol 1. What B receptor types are there and MOA? 2. Effects of B2 selective agonists? 3. MOA of salbutamol? [...] 4. S/e of Salbutamol 5. PK of salbutamol? |
Salbutamol 1. What B receptor types are there and MOA? 2. Effects of B2 selective agonists? 3. MOA of salbutamol? 4. S/e of Salbutamol 5. PK of salbutamol? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 63.4 | Salbutamol 1. What B receptor types are there and MOA? 2. Effects of B2 selective agonists? 3. MOA of salbutamol? 4. S/e of Salbutamol [...] 5. PK of salbutamol? |
Salbutamol 1. What B receptor types are there and MOA? 2. Effects of B2 selective agonists? 3. MOA of salbutamol? 4. S/e of Salbutamol 5. PK of salbutamol? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 63.5 | Salbutamol 1. What B receptor types are there and MOA? 2. Effects of B2 selective agonists? 3. MOA of salbutamol? 4. S/e of Salbutamol 5. PK of salbutamol? [...] |
Salbutamol 1. What B receptor types are there and MOA? 2. Effects of B2 selective agonists? 3. MOA of salbutamol? 4. S/e of Salbutamol 5. PK of salbutamol? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 64.1 | Compliance 1. What is pulmonary compliance? (and the normal ammount) [...] 2. What factors decrease or increase pulmonary compliance? 3. WHat are the physiological effects of the surfactant of the lugn? 4. What are the main determinants of compliance of the thorax? 5. How does compliance vary throughout the upright lung? + Draw the normal PV curve of a lung |
Compliance 1. What is pulmonary compliance? (and the normal ammount) 2. What factors decrease or increase pulmonary compliance? 3. WHat are the physiological effects of the surfactant of the lugn? 4. What are the main determinants of compliance of the thorax? 5. How does compliance vary throughout the upright lung? + Draw the normal PV curve of a lung 1.   2.  3.  4.   5.   |
| 64.2 | Compliance 1. What is pulmonary compliance? (and the normal ammount) 2. What factors decrease or increase pulmonary compliance? [...] 3. WHat are the physiological effects of the surfactant of the lugn? 4. What are the main determinants of compliance of the thorax? 5. How does compliance vary throughout the upright lung? + Draw the normal PV curve of a lung |
Compliance 1. What is pulmonary compliance? (and the normal ammount) 2. What factors decrease or increase pulmonary compliance? 3. WHat are the physiological effects of the surfactant of the lugn? 4. What are the main determinants of compliance of the thorax? 5. How does compliance vary throughout the upright lung? + Draw the normal PV curve of a lung 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 64.3 | Compliance 1. What is pulmonary compliance? (and the normal ammount) 2. What factors decrease or increase pulmonary compliance? 3. WHat are the physiological effects of the surfactant of the lugn? [...] 4. What are the main determinants of compliance of the thorax? 5. How does compliance vary throughout the upright lung? + Draw the normal PV curve of a lung |
Compliance 1. What is pulmonary compliance? (and the normal ammount) 2. What factors decrease or increase pulmonary compliance? 3. WHat are the physiological effects of the surfactant of the lugn? 4. What are the main determinants of compliance of the thorax? 5. How does compliance vary throughout the upright lung? + Draw the normal PV curve of a lung 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 64.4 | Compliance 1. What is pulmonary compliance? (and the normal ammount) 2. What factors decrease or increase pulmonary compliance? 3. WHat are the physiological effects of the surfactant of the lugn? 4. What are the main determinants of compliance of the thorax? [...] 5. How does compliance vary throughout the upright lung? + Draw the normal PV curve of a lung |
Compliance 1. What is pulmonary compliance? (and the normal ammount) 2. What factors decrease or increase pulmonary compliance? 3. WHat are the physiological effects of the surfactant of the lugn? 4. What are the main determinants of compliance of the thorax? 5. How does compliance vary throughout the upright lung? + Draw the normal PV curve of a lung 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 64.5 | Compliance 1. What is pulmonary compliance? (and the normal ammount) 2. What factors decrease or increase pulmonary compliance? 3. WHat are the physiological effects of the surfactant of the lugn? 4. What are the main determinants of compliance of the thorax? 5. How does compliance vary throughout the upright lung? + Draw the normal PV curve of a lung [...] |
Compliance 1. What is pulmonary compliance? (and the normal ammount) 2. What factors decrease or increase pulmonary compliance? 3. WHat are the physiological effects of the surfactant of the lugn? 4. What are the main determinants of compliance of the thorax? 5. How does compliance vary throughout the upright lung? + Draw the normal PV curve of a lung 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 65.1 | DIC 1. List some common triggers(conditions) of DIC? [...] 2. How does endothelial injury initiate DIC? 3. What are the pathological consequences of DIC? 4. on a FBC and coag profile, what would you expect to find? 5. Define DIC and describe the pathophysiology of DIC |
DIC 1. List some common triggers(conditions) of DIC? 2. How does endothelial injury initiate DIC? 3. What are the pathological consequences of DIC? 4. on a FBC and coag profile, what would you expect to find? 5. Define DIC and describe the pathophysiology of DIC 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.   |
| 65.2 | DIC 1. List some common triggers(conditions) of DIC? 2. How does endothelial injury initiate DIC? [...] 3. What are the pathological consequences of DIC? 4. on a FBC and coag profile, what would you expect to find? 5. Define DIC and describe the pathophysiology of DIC |
DIC 1. List some common triggers(conditions) of DIC? 2. How does endothelial injury initiate DIC? 3. What are the pathological consequences of DIC? 4. on a FBC and coag profile, what would you expect to find? 5. Define DIC and describe the pathophysiology of DIC 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 65.3 | DIC 1. List some common triggers(conditions) of DIC? 2. How does endothelial injury initiate DIC? 3. What are the pathological consequences of DIC? [...] 4. on a FBC and coag profile, what would you expect to find? 5. Define DIC and describe the pathophysiology of DIC |
DIC 1. List some common triggers(conditions) of DIC? 2. How does endothelial injury initiate DIC? 3. What are the pathological consequences of DIC? 4. on a FBC and coag profile, what would you expect to find? 5. Define DIC and describe the pathophysiology of DIC 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 65.4 | DIC 1. List some common triggers(conditions) of DIC? 2. How does endothelial injury initiate DIC? 3. What are the pathological consequences of DIC? 4. on a FBC and coag profile, what would you expect to find? [...] 5. Define DIC and describe the pathophysiology of DIC |
DIC 1. List some common triggers(conditions) of DIC? 2. How does endothelial injury initiate DIC? 3. What are the pathological consequences of DIC? 4. on a FBC and coag profile, what would you expect to find? 5. Define DIC and describe the pathophysiology of DIC 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 65.5 | DIC 1. List some common triggers(conditions) of DIC? 2. How does endothelial injury initiate DIC? 3. What are the pathological consequences of DIC? 4. on a FBC and coag profile, what would you expect to find? 5. Define DIC and describe the pathophysiology of DIC [...] |
DIC 1. List some common triggers(conditions) of DIC? 2. How does endothelial injury initiate DIC? 3. What are the pathological consequences of DIC? 4. on a FBC and coag profile, what would you expect to find? 5. Define DIC and describe the pathophysiology of DIC 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 66.1 | 1. Describe the two patterns of anatoic distribution of bacterial pneumonia? [...] 2. What are the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia? 3. Which risk factors predispose to the development of bacterial pneumonia 4. Which serious complications may develop? 5. Describe the stages of the inflammatory response |
1. Describe the two patterns of anatoic distribution of bacterial pneumonia? 2. What are the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia? 3. Which risk factors predispose to the development of bacterial pneumonia 4. Which serious complications may develop? 5. Describe the stages of the inflammatory response 1.  2.  3. 4.  5.  |
| 66.2 | 1. Describe the two patterns of anatoic distribution of bacterial pneumonia? 2. What are the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia? [...] 3. Which risk factors predispose to the development of bacterial pneumonia 4. Which serious complications may develop? 5. Describe the stages of the inflammatory response |
1. Describe the two patterns of anatoic distribution of bacterial pneumonia? 2. What are the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia? 3. Which risk factors predispose to the development of bacterial pneumonia 4. Which serious complications may develop? 5. Describe the stages of the inflammatory response 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 66.3 | 1. Describe the two patterns of anatoic distribution of bacterial pneumonia? 2. What are the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia? 3. Which risk factors predispose to the development of bacterial pneumonia [...] 4. Which serious complications may develop? 5. Describe the stages of the inflammatory response |
1. Describe the two patterns of anatoic distribution of bacterial pneumonia? 2. What are the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia? 3. Which risk factors predispose to the development of bacterial pneumonia 4. Which serious complications may develop? 5. Describe the stages of the inflammatory response 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 66.4 | 1. Describe the two patterns of anatoic distribution of bacterial pneumonia? 2. What are the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia? 3. Which risk factors predispose to the development of bacterial pneumonia 4. Which serious complications may develop? [...] 5. Describe the stages of the inflammatory response |
1. Describe the two patterns of anatoic distribution of bacterial pneumonia? 2. What are the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia? 3. Which risk factors predispose to the development of bacterial pneumonia 4. Which serious complications may develop? 5. Describe the stages of the inflammatory response 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 66.5 | 1. Describe the two patterns of anatoic distribution of bacterial pneumonia? 2. What are the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia? 3. Which risk factors predispose to the development of bacterial pneumonia 4. Which serious complications may develop? 5. Describe the stages of the inflammatory response [...] |
1. Describe the two patterns of anatoic distribution of bacterial pneumonia? 2. What are the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia? 3. Which risk factors predispose to the development of bacterial pneumonia 4. Which serious complications may develop? 5. Describe the stages of the inflammatory response 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
| 67.1 | Control of respiration 1. Which areas of the brain control respiration? [...] 2. Explain the central response to rising CO2 3. Which other sensors are involved in control of respiration? 4. location and function of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors 5. how does a rise in CO2 affect ventilation? |
Control of respiration 1. Which areas of the brain control respiration? 2. Explain the central response to rising CO2 3. Which other sensors are involved in control of respiration? 4. location and function of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors 5. how does a rise in CO2 affect ventilation? 1.  2.  3.  4.  5. increased rate and depth of respiration  |
| 67.2 | Control of respiration 1. Which areas of the brain control respiration? 2. Explain the central response to rising CO2 [...] 3. Which other sensors are involved in control of respiration? 4. location and function of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors 5. how does a rise in CO2 affect ventilation? |
Control of respiration 1. Which areas of the brain control respiration? 2. Explain the central response to rising CO2 3. Which other sensors are involved in control of respiration? 4. location and function of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors 5. how does a rise in CO2 affect ventilation? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. increased rate and depth of respiration |
| 67.3 | Control of respiration 1. Which areas of the brain control respiration? 2. Explain the central response to rising CO2 3. Which other sensors are involved in control of respiration? [...] 4. location and function of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors 5. how does a rise in CO2 affect ventilation? |
Control of respiration 1. Which areas of the brain control respiration? 2. Explain the central response to rising CO2 3. Which other sensors are involved in control of respiration? 4. location and function of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors 5. how does a rise in CO2 affect ventilation? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. increased rate and depth of respiration |
| 67.4 | Control of respiration 1. Which areas of the brain control respiration? 2. Explain the central response to rising CO2 3. Which other sensors are involved in control of respiration? 4. location and function of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors [...] 5. how does a rise in CO2 affect ventilation? |
Control of respiration 1. Which areas of the brain control respiration? 2. Explain the central response to rising CO2 3. Which other sensors are involved in control of respiration? 4. location and function of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors 5. how does a rise in CO2 affect ventilation? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. increased rate and depth of respiration |
| 67.5 | Control of respiration 1. Which areas of the brain control respiration? 2. Explain the central response to rising CO2 3. Which other sensors are involved in control of respiration? 4. location and function of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors 5. how does a rise in CO2 affect ventilation? [...] |
Control of respiration 1. Which areas of the brain control respiration? 2. Explain the central response to rising CO2 3. Which other sensors are involved in control of respiration? 4. location and function of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors 5. how does a rise in CO2 affect ventilation? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. increased rate and depth of respiration |
| 68.1 | Ketamine 1. PK of ketamine [...] 2. Systemic effects and s/e of ketamine 3. MOA of ketamine 4. other than analgesia, when else might you use it? when would you not use it? 5. propofol vs ketamine - cv effects and onset/recovery |
Ketamine 1. PK of ketamine 2. Systemic effects and s/e of ketamine 3. MOA of ketamine 4. other than analgesia, when else might you use it? when would you not use it? 5. propofol vs ketamine - cv effects and onset/recovery 1,  2,   3.    4.  5.  |
| 68.2 | Ketamine 1. PK of ketamine 2. Systemic effects and s/e of ketamine [...] 3. MOA of ketamine 4. other than analgesia, when else might you use it? when would you not use it? 5. propofol vs ketamine - cv effects and onset/recovery |
Ketamine 1. PK of ketamine 2. Systemic effects and s/e of ketamine 3. MOA of ketamine 4. other than analgesia, when else might you use it? when would you not use it? 5. propofol vs ketamine - cv effects and onset/recovery 1, 2, 3. 4. 5. |
| 68.3 | Ketamine 1. PK of ketamine 2. Systemic effects and s/e of ketamine 3. MOA of ketamine [...] 4. other than analgesia, when else might you use it? when would you not use it? 5. propofol vs ketamine - cv effects and onset/recovery |
Ketamine 1. PK of ketamine 2. Systemic effects and s/e of ketamine 3. MOA of ketamine 4. other than analgesia, when else might you use it? when would you not use it? 5. propofol vs ketamine - cv effects and onset/recovery 1, 2, 3. 4. 5. |
| 68.4 | Ketamine 1. PK of ketamine 2. Systemic effects and s/e of ketamine 3. MOA of ketamine 4. other than analgesia, when else might you use it? when would you not use it? [...] 5. propofol vs ketamine - cv effects and onset/recovery |
Ketamine 1. PK of ketamine 2. Systemic effects and s/e of ketamine 3. MOA of ketamine 4. other than analgesia, when else might you use it? when would you not use it? 5. propofol vs ketamine - cv effects and onset/recovery 1, 2, 3. 4. 5. |
| 68.5 | Ketamine 1. PK of ketamine 2. Systemic effects and s/e of ketamine 3. MOA of ketamine 4. other than analgesia, when else might you use it? when would you not use it? 5. propofol vs ketamine - cv effects and onset/recovery [...] |
Ketamine 1. PK of ketamine 2. Systemic effects and s/e of ketamine 3. MOA of ketamine 4. other than analgesia, when else might you use it? when would you not use it? 5. propofol vs ketamine - cv effects and onset/recovery 1, 2, 3. 4. 5. |
| 69.1 | Vitamin K Pharm PD: Confers biologic activity upon factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX and X by participating in their [...] Uses: warfarin reversal and haemorrhagic disease of newborn Caution: IV admin slow as can cause dyspnoea, chest and back pain, and death Time for effect: 6-24hrs |
Vitamin K Pharm PD: Confers biologic activity upon factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX and X by participating in their postribosomal modification Uses: warfarin reversal and haemorrhagic disease of newborn Caution: IV admin slow as can cause dyspnoea, chest and back pain, and death Time for effect: 6-24hrs |
| 69.2 | Vitamin K Pharm PD: Confers biologic activity upon factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX and X by participating in their postribosomal modification Uses: warfarin reversal and [...] Caution: IV admin slow as can cause dyspnoea, chest and back pain, and death Time for effect: 6-24hrs |
Vitamin K Pharm PD: Confers biologic activity upon factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX and X by participating in their postribosomal modification Uses: warfarin reversal and haemorrhagic disease of newborn Caution: IV admin slow as can cause dyspnoea, chest and back pain, and death Time for effect: 6-24hrs |
| 69.3 | Vitamin K Pharm PD: Confers biologic activity upon factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX and X by participating in their postribosomal modification Uses: warfarin reversal and haemorrhagic disease of newborn Caution: IV admin slow as can cause [...] Time for effect: 6-24hrs |
Vitamin K Pharm PD: Confers biologic activity upon factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX and X by participating in their postribosomal modification Uses: warfarin reversal and haemorrhagic disease of newborn Caution: IV admin slow as can cause dyspnoea, chest and back pain, and death Time for effect: 6-24hrs |
| 69.4 | Vitamin K Pharm PD: Confers biologic activity upon factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX and X by participating in their postribosomal modification Uses: warfarin reversal and haemorrhagic disease of newborn Caution: IV admin slow as can cause dyspnoea, chest and back pain, and death Time for effect: [...] |
Vitamin K Pharm PD: Confers biologic activity upon factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX and X by participating in their postribosomal modification Uses: warfarin reversal and haemorrhagic disease of newborn Caution: IV admin slow as can cause dyspnoea, chest and back pain, and death Time for effect: 6-24hrs |
| 70.1 | Bupivicaine Amide local anaesthetic that blocks voltage-gated Na channels in nerve: blockade is voltage and time-dependent PK [...] Uses:  Max dose:
|
Bupivicaine Amide local anaesthetic that blocks voltage-gated Na channels in nerve: blockade is voltage and time-dependent PK  Uses: Max dose:
|
| 70.2 | Bupivicaine Amide local anaesthetic that blocks voltage-gated Na channels in nerve: blockade is [...] PK Uses: Max dose:
|
Bupivicaine Amide local anaesthetic that blocks voltage-gated Na channels in nerve: blockade is voltage and time-dependent PK Uses: Max dose:
|
| 70.3 | Bupivicaine Amide local anaesthetic that blocks voltage-gated Na channels in nerve: blockade is voltage and time-dependent PK Uses: [...] Max dose:
|
Bupivicaine Amide local anaesthetic that blocks voltage-gated Na channels in nerve: blockade is voltage and time-dependent PK Uses: Max dose:
|
| 70.4 | Bupivicaine Amide local anaesthetic that blocks voltage-gated Na channels in nerve: blockade is voltage and time-dependent PK Uses: Max dose: [...] |
Bupivicaine Amide local anaesthetic that blocks voltage-gated Na channels in nerve: blockade is voltage and time-dependent PK Uses: Max dose:
|
| 71.1 | Moxifloxacin, an extended-spectrum [...], has increased activity against Gram-positive bacteria(including staphylococci and streptococci) and wide activityagainst Gram-negative aerobes, but is inferior to ciprofloxacinagainst Pseudomonas.- It has good activity against anaerobes andmost pathogens causing atypical pneumonia.- It can be administered once daily |
Moxifloxacin, an extended-spectrum fluoroquinolone, has increased activity against Gram-positive bacteria(including staphylococci and streptococci) and wide activityagainst Gram-negative aerobes, but is inferior to ciprofloxacinagainst Pseudomonas.- It has good activity against anaerobes andmost pathogens causing atypical pneumonia.- It can be administered once daily |
| 71.2 | Moxifloxacin, an extended-spectrum fluoroquinolone, has increased activity against [...] but is inferior to ciprofloxacinagainst Pseudomonas.- It has good activity against anaerobes andmost pathogens causing atypical pneumonia.- It can be administered once daily |
Moxifloxacin, an extended-spectrum fluoroquinolone, has increased activity against Gram-positive bacteria(including staphylococci and streptococci) and wide activityagainst Gram-negative aerobes, but is inferior to ciprofloxacinagainst Pseudomonas.- It has good activity against anaerobes andmost pathogens causing atypical pneumonia.- It can be administered once daily |
| 71.3 | Moxifloxacin, an extended-spectrum fluoroquinolone, has increased activity against Gram-positive bacteria(including staphylococci and streptococci) and wide activityagainst Gram-negative aerobes, but is inferior to ciprofloxacinagainst [...].- It has good activity against anaerobes andmost pathogens causing atypical pneumonia.- It can be administered once daily |
Moxifloxacin, an extended-spectrum fluoroquinolone, has increased activity against Gram-positive bacteria(including staphylococci and streptococci) and wide activityagainst Gram-negative aerobes, but is inferior to ciprofloxacinagainst Pseudomonas.- It has good activity against anaerobes andmost pathogens causing atypical pneumonia.- It can be administered once daily |
| 71.4 | Moxifloxacin, an extended-spectrum fluoroquinolone, has increased activity against Gram-positive bacteria(including staphylococci and streptococci) and wide activityagainst Gram-negative aerobes, but is inferior to ciprofloxacinagainst Pseudomonas.- It has good activity against anaerobes andmost pathogens causing atypical pneumonia.- It can be administered [...] |
Moxifloxacin, an extended-spectrum fluoroquinolone, has increased activity against Gram-positive bacteria(including staphylococci and streptococci) and wide activityagainst Gram-negative aerobes, but is inferior to ciprofloxacinagainst Pseudomonas.- It has good activity against anaerobes andmost pathogens causing atypical pneumonia.- It can be administered once daily |
| 72.1 | Chest drain 1. Describe the location? [...] 2. What structures may be damaged? 3. What layers are traversed? 4. Location of the intercostal nerves? |
Chest drain 1. Describe the location? 2. What structures may be damaged? 3. What layers are traversed? 4. Location of the intercostal nerves? 1.   2.  3.  4.  |
| 72.2 | Chest drain 1. Describe the location? 2. What structures may be damaged? [...] 3. What layers are traversed? 4. Location of the intercostal nerves? |
Chest drain 1. Describe the location? 2. What structures may be damaged? 3. What layers are traversed? 4. Location of the intercostal nerves? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 72.3 | Chest drain 1. Describe the location? 2. What structures may be damaged? 3. What layers are traversed? [...] 4. Location of the intercostal nerves? |
Chest drain 1. Describe the location? 2. What structures may be damaged? 3. What layers are traversed? 4. Location of the intercostal nerves? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 72.4 | Chest drain 1. Describe the location? 2. What structures may be damaged? 3. What layers are traversed? 4. Location of the intercostal nerves? [...] |
Chest drain 1. Describe the location? 2. What structures may be damaged? 3. What layers are traversed? 4. Location of the intercostal nerves? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 73.1 | 1. What factors affect preload? [...] 2. What is cardiac preload? 3. How can CO be measured? 4. What factors influence contractility? |
1. What factors affect preload? 2. What is cardiac preload? 3. How can CO be measured? 4. What factors influence contractility? 1.  2.  3.  4.   |
| 73.2 | 1. What factors affect preload? 2. What is cardiac preload? [...] 3. How can CO be measured? 4. What factors influence contractility? |
1. What factors affect preload? 2. What is cardiac preload? 3. How can CO be measured? 4. What factors influence contractility? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 73.3 | 1. What factors affect preload? 2. What is cardiac preload? 3. How can CO be measured? [...] 4. What factors influence contractility? |
1. What factors affect preload? 2. What is cardiac preload? 3. How can CO be measured? 4. What factors influence contractility? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 73.4 | 1. What factors affect preload? 2. What is cardiac preload? 3. How can CO be measured? 4. What factors influence contractility? [...] |
1. What factors affect preload? 2. What is cardiac preload? 3. How can CO be measured? 4. What factors influence contractility? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 74.1 | Renal blood flow 1. What is the normal amount? [...] 2. What factors determine RBF? 3. How does hypotension activate the RAAS? 4. How can RBF be measured? |
Renal blood flow 1. What is the normal amount? 2. What factors determine RBF? 3. How does hypotension activate the RAAS? 4. How can RBF be measured? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 74.2 | Renal blood flow 1. What is the normal amount? 2. What factors determine RBF? [...] 3. How does hypotension activate the RAAS? 4. How can RBF be measured? |
Renal blood flow 1. What is the normal amount? 2. What factors determine RBF? 3. How does hypotension activate the RAAS? 4. How can RBF be measured? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 74.3 | Renal blood flow 1. What is the normal amount? 2. What factors determine RBF? 3. How does hypotension activate the RAAS? [...] 4. How can RBF be measured? |
Renal blood flow 1. What is the normal amount? 2. What factors determine RBF? 3. How does hypotension activate the RAAS? 4. How can RBF be measured? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 74.4 | Renal blood flow 1. What is the normal amount? 2. What factors determine RBF? 3. How does hypotension activate the RAAS? 4. How can RBF be measured? [...] |
Renal blood flow 1. What is the normal amount? 2. What factors determine RBF? 3. How does hypotension activate the RAAS? 4. How can RBF be measured? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 75.1 | Digestion and absorption of Carbs, Lipids and Proteins 1. Name the main sites of digestion? [...] 2. Key enzymes for each? 3. End products of each? 4. Absorption mechanism? |
Digestion and absorption of Carbs, Lipids and Proteins 1. Name the main sites of digestion? 2. Key enzymes for each? 3. End products of each? 4. Absorption mechanism?  |
| 75.2 | Digestion and absorption of Carbs, Lipids and Proteins 1. Name the main sites of digestion? 2. Key enzymes for each? [...] 3. End products of each? 4. Absorption mechanism? |
Digestion and absorption of Carbs, Lipids and Proteins 1. Name the main sites of digestion? 2. Key enzymes for each? 3. End products of each? 4. Absorption mechanism? |
| 75.3 | Digestion and absorption of Carbs, Lipids and Proteins 1. Name the main sites of digestion? 2. Key enzymes for each? 3. End products of each? [...] 4. Absorption mechanism? |
Digestion and absorption of Carbs, Lipids and Proteins 1. Name the main sites of digestion? 2. Key enzymes for each? 3. End products of each? 4. Absorption mechanism? |
| 75.4 | Digestion and absorption of Carbs, Lipids and Proteins 1. Name the main sites of digestion? 2. Key enzymes for each? 3. End products of each? 4. Absorption mechanism? [...] |
Digestion and absorption of Carbs, Lipids and Proteins 1. Name the main sites of digestion? 2. Key enzymes for each? 3. End products of each? 4. Absorption mechanism? |
| 76.1 | Lumbar vertebrae 1. What features help distinguish it from the rest? [...] 2. Where does spinal cord end and where should you do a LP? 3. Structures needle passes through in a LP? 4. Movements possible here? |
Lumbar vertebrae 1. What features help distinguish it from the rest? 2. Where does spinal cord end and where should you do a LP? 3. Structures needle passes through in a LP? 4. Movements possible here? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 76.2 | Lumbar vertebrae 1. What features help distinguish it from the rest? 2. Where does spinal cord end and where should you do a LP? [...] 3. Structures needle passes through in a LP? 4. Movements possible here? |
Lumbar vertebrae 1. What features help distinguish it from the rest? 2. Where does spinal cord end and where should you do a LP? 3. Structures needle passes through in a LP? 4. Movements possible here? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 76.3 | Lumbar vertebrae 1. What features help distinguish it from the rest? 2. Where does spinal cord end and where should you do a LP? 3. Structures needle passes through in a LP? [...] 4. Movements possible here? |
Lumbar vertebrae 1. What features help distinguish it from the rest? 2. Where does spinal cord end and where should you do a LP? 3. Structures needle passes through in a LP? 4. Movements possible here? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 76.4 | Lumbar vertebrae 1. What features help distinguish it from the rest? 2. Where does spinal cord end and where should you do a LP? 3. Structures needle passes through in a LP? 4. Movements possible here? [...] |
Lumbar vertebrae 1. What features help distinguish it from the rest? 2. Where does spinal cord end and where should you do a LP? 3. Structures needle passes through in a LP? 4. Movements possible here? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 77.1 | Muscles of mastication 1. Temporalis - [...] to anterior ramus 2. Masseter - maxillary process to lateral ramus |
Muscles of mastication 1. Temporalis - temporal fossa to anterior ramus 2. Masseter - maxillary process to lateral ramus |
| 77.2 | Muscles of mastication 1. Temporalis - temporal fossa to [...] 2. Masseter - maxillary process to lateral ramus |
Muscles of mastication 1. Temporalis - temporal fossa to anterior ramus 2. Masseter - maxillary process to lateral ramus |
| 77.3 | Muscles of mastication 1. Temporalis - temporal fossa to anterior ramus 2. Masseter - [...] to lateral ramus |
Muscles of mastication 1. Temporalis - temporal fossa to anterior ramus 2. Masseter - maxillary process to lateral ramus |
| 77.4 | Muscles of mastication 1. Temporalis - temporal fossa to anterior ramus 2. Masseter - maxillary process to [...] |
Muscles of mastication 1. Temporalis - temporal fossa to anterior ramus 2. Masseter - maxillary process to lateral ramus |
| 78.1 | Keppra 1. MOA? [...] 2. PD? 3. PK? 4. S/e? |
Keppra 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. PK? 4. S/e? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 78.2 | Keppra 1. MOA? 2. PD? [...] 3. PK? 4. S/e? |
Keppra 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. PK? 4. S/e? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 78.3 | Keppra 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. PK? [...] 4. S/e? |
Keppra 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. PK? 4. S/e? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 78.4 | Keppra 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. PK? 4. S/e? [...] |
Keppra 1. MOA? 2. PD? 3. PK? 4. S/e? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 79.1 | Corticosteroids 1. Describe mechanism of action at a cellular level? [...] 2. How can they be classified? 3. What are the side effects? 4. Dex vs hydrocort? |
Corticosteroids 1. Describe mechanism of action at a cellular level? 2. How can they be classified? 3. What are the side effects? 4. Dex vs hydrocort? 1.  Enters cell as a free molecule binds to intracellular receptor bound to stabilising proteins transported to nucelus binds to GRE on gene upregulation of nuclear proteins for protein production wide distribution of these receptors 2.  3.  4.   |
| 79.2 | Corticosteroids 1. Describe mechanism of action at a cellular level? 2. How can they be classified? [...] 3. What are the side effects? 4. Dex vs hydrocort? |
Corticosteroids 1. Describe mechanism of action at a cellular level? 2. How can they be classified? 3. What are the side effects? 4. Dex vs hydrocort? 1. Enters cell as a free molecule binds to intracellular receptor bound to stabilising proteins transported to nucelus binds to GRE on gene upregulation of nuclear proteins for protein production wide distribution of these receptors 2. 3. 4. |
| 79.3 | Corticosteroids 1. Describe mechanism of action at a cellular level? 2. How can they be classified? 3. What are the side effects? [...] 4. Dex vs hydrocort? |
Corticosteroids 1. Describe mechanism of action at a cellular level? 2. How can they be classified? 3. What are the side effects? 4. Dex vs hydrocort? 1. Enters cell as a free molecule binds to intracellular receptor bound to stabilising proteins transported to nucelus binds to GRE on gene upregulation of nuclear proteins for protein production wide distribution of these receptors 2. 3. 4. |
| 79.4 | Corticosteroids 1. Describe mechanism of action at a cellular level? 2. How can they be classified? 3. What are the side effects? 4. Dex vs hydrocort? [...] |
Corticosteroids 1. Describe mechanism of action at a cellular level? 2. How can they be classified? 3. What are the side effects? 4. Dex vs hydrocort? 1. Enters cell as a free molecule binds to intracellular receptor bound to stabilising proteins transported to nucelus binds to GRE on gene upregulation of nuclear proteins for protein production wide distribution of these receptors 2. 3. 4. |
| 80.1 | 1. What factors affect renal clearance? [...] 2. Please name drugs that are predominantly cleared by the kidneys? 3. Which organs are involved in drug clearance? 4. Name 2 drugs that have a high hepatic clearance and why this is important? |
1. What factors affect renal clearance? 2. Please name drugs that are predominantly cleared by the kidneys? 3. Which organs are involved in drug clearance? 4. Name 2 drugs that have a high hepatic clearance and why this is important? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 80.2 | 1. What factors affect renal clearance? 2. Please name drugs that are predominantly cleared by the kidneys? [...] 3. Which organs are involved in drug clearance? 4. Name 2 drugs that have a high hepatic clearance and why this is important? |
1. What factors affect renal clearance? 2. Please name drugs that are predominantly cleared by the kidneys? 3. Which organs are involved in drug clearance? 4. Name 2 drugs that have a high hepatic clearance and why this is important? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 80.3 | 1. What factors affect renal clearance? 2. Please name drugs that are predominantly cleared by the kidneys? 3. Which organs are involved in drug clearance? [...] 4. Name 2 drugs that have a high hepatic clearance and why this is important? |
1. What factors affect renal clearance? 2. Please name drugs that are predominantly cleared by the kidneys? 3. Which organs are involved in drug clearance? 4. Name 2 drugs that have a high hepatic clearance and why this is important? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 80.4 | 1. What factors affect renal clearance? 2. Please name drugs that are predominantly cleared by the kidneys? 3. Which organs are involved in drug clearance? 4. Name 2 drugs that have a high hepatic clearance and why this is important? [...] |
1. What factors affect renal clearance? 2. Please name drugs that are predominantly cleared by the kidneys? 3. Which organs are involved in drug clearance? 4. Name 2 drugs that have a high hepatic clearance and why this is important? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 81.1 | Drugs in the elderly 1. What physiological changes in the elderly may influences the PK properties of drugs? [...] 2. What changes would you make to the administration of IV morphine in this patient compared to a younger one and why? 3. Name drugs that need to have their prescribing altered in the elderly? 4. Drugs where hepatic clearance does not change with age? |
Drugs in the elderly 1. What physiological changes in the elderly may influences the PK properties of drugs? 2. What changes would you make to the administration of IV morphine in this patient compared to a younger one and why? 3. Name drugs that need to have their prescribing altered in the elderly? 4. Drugs where hepatic clearance does not change with age? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 81.2 | Drugs in the elderly 1. What physiological changes in the elderly may influences the PK properties of drugs? 2. What changes would you make to the administration of IV morphine in this patient compared to a younger one and why? [...] 3. Name drugs that need to have their prescribing altered in the elderly? 4. Drugs where hepatic clearance does not change with age? |
Drugs in the elderly 1. What physiological changes in the elderly may influences the PK properties of drugs? 2. What changes would you make to the administration of IV morphine in this patient compared to a younger one and why? 3. Name drugs that need to have their prescribing altered in the elderly? 4. Drugs where hepatic clearance does not change with age? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 81.3 | Drugs in the elderly 1. What physiological changes in the elderly may influences the PK properties of drugs? 2. What changes would you make to the administration of IV morphine in this patient compared to a younger one and why? 3. Name drugs that need to have their prescribing altered in the elderly? [...] 4. Drugs where hepatic clearance does not change with age? |
Drugs in the elderly 1. What physiological changes in the elderly may influences the PK properties of drugs? 2. What changes would you make to the administration of IV morphine in this patient compared to a younger one and why? 3. Name drugs that need to have their prescribing altered in the elderly? 4. Drugs where hepatic clearance does not change with age? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 81.4 | Drugs in the elderly 1. What physiological changes in the elderly may influences the PK properties of drugs? 2. What changes would you make to the administration of IV morphine in this patient compared to a younger one and why? 3. Name drugs that need to have their prescribing altered in the elderly? 4. Drugs where hepatic clearance does not change with age? [...] |
Drugs in the elderly 1. What physiological changes in the elderly may influences the PK properties of drugs? 2. What changes would you make to the administration of IV morphine in this patient compared to a younger one and why? 3. Name drugs that need to have their prescribing altered in the elderly? 4. Drugs where hepatic clearance does not change with age? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 82.1 | Clostridia 1. What types of organisms are clostridia? [...] 2. Name the organisms and the diseases they cause in humans? 3. How does botulism toxin cause disease? 4. What is the pathogensis of gas gangrene? |
Clostridia 1. What types of organisms are clostridia? 2. Name the organisms and the diseases they cause in humans? 3. How does botulism toxin cause disease? 4. What is the pathogensis of gas gangrene? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 82.2 | Clostridia 1. What types of organisms are clostridia? 2. Name the organisms and the diseases they cause in humans? [...] 3. How does botulism toxin cause disease? 4. What is the pathogensis of gas gangrene? |
Clostridia 1. What types of organisms are clostridia? 2. Name the organisms and the diseases they cause in humans? 3. How does botulism toxin cause disease? 4. What is the pathogensis of gas gangrene? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 82.3 | Clostridia 1. What types of organisms are clostridia? 2. Name the organisms and the diseases they cause in humans? 3. How does botulism toxin cause disease? [...] 4. What is the pathogensis of gas gangrene? |
Clostridia 1. What types of organisms are clostridia? 2. Name the organisms and the diseases they cause in humans? 3. How does botulism toxin cause disease? 4. What is the pathogensis of gas gangrene? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 82.4 | Clostridia 1. What types of organisms are clostridia? 2. Name the organisms and the diseases they cause in humans? 3. How does botulism toxin cause disease? 4. What is the pathogensis of gas gangrene? [...] |
Clostridia 1. What types of organisms are clostridia? 2. Name the organisms and the diseases they cause in humans? 3. How does botulism toxin cause disease? 4. What is the pathogensis of gas gangrene? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 83.1 | Neisseria meningitis 1. How does Neisseria cause infection? [...] 2. What are the clinical consequences of N meningitidis infection? 3. Apart from Neisseria, what else can cause meningitis? 4. Microbiological features? |
Neisseria meningitis 1. How does Neisseria cause infection? 2. What are the clinical consequences of N meningitidis infection? 3. Apart from Neisseria, what else can cause meningitis? 4. Microbiological features? 1.  2.  3.  3.  2 people feeling down before smelling coffee and taking a breath of fresh air |
| 83.2 | Neisseria meningitis 1. How does Neisseria cause infection? 2. What are the clinical consequences of N meningitidis infection? [...] 3. Apart from Neisseria, what else can cause meningitis? 4. Microbiological features? |
Neisseria meningitis 1. How does Neisseria cause infection? 2. What are the clinical consequences of N meningitidis infection? 3. Apart from Neisseria, what else can cause meningitis? 4. Microbiological features? 1. 2. 3. 3. 2 people feeling down before smelling coffee and taking a breath of fresh air |
| 83.3 | Neisseria meningitis 1. How does Neisseria cause infection? 2. What are the clinical consequences of N meningitidis infection? 3. Apart from Neisseria, what else can cause meningitis? [...] 4. Microbiological features? |
Neisseria meningitis 1. How does Neisseria cause infection? 2. What are the clinical consequences of N meningitidis infection? 3. Apart from Neisseria, what else can cause meningitis? 4. Microbiological features? 1. 2. 3. 3. 2 people feeling down before smelling coffee and taking a breath of fresh air |
| 83.4 | Neisseria meningitis 1. How does Neisseria cause infection? 2. What are the clinical consequences of N meningitidis infection? 3. Apart from Neisseria, what else can cause meningitis? 4. Microbiological features? [...] |
Neisseria meningitis 1. How does Neisseria cause infection? 2. What are the clinical consequences of N meningitidis infection? 3. Apart from Neisseria, what else can cause meningitis? 4. Microbiological features? 1. 2. 3. 3. 2 people feeling down before smelling coffee and taking a breath of fresh air |
| 84.1 | Streptococcal infection 1. What is the microscopic appearance of streptococci? [...] 2. What are the some post-infectious syndromes caused by streptococcal infections? 3. List some infections caused by streptococcus? 4. What factors in streptococci contribute to their virulence? |
Streptococcal infection 1. What is the microscopic appearance of streptococci? 2. What are the some post-infectious syndromes caused by streptococcal infections? 3. List some infections caused by streptococcus? 4. What factors in streptococci contribute to their virulence? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 84.2 | Streptococcal infection 1. What is the microscopic appearance of streptococci? 2. What are the some post-infectious syndromes caused by streptococcal infections? [...] 3. List some infections caused by streptococcus? 4. What factors in streptococci contribute to their virulence? |
Streptococcal infection 1. What is the microscopic appearance of streptococci? 2. What are the some post-infectious syndromes caused by streptococcal infections? 3. List some infections caused by streptococcus? 4. What factors in streptococci contribute to their virulence? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 84.3 | Streptococcal infection 1. What is the microscopic appearance of streptococci? 2. What are the some post-infectious syndromes caused by streptococcal infections? 3. List some infections caused by streptococcus? [...] 4. What factors in streptococci contribute to their virulence? |
Streptococcal infection 1. What is the microscopic appearance of streptococci? 2. What are the some post-infectious syndromes caused by streptococcal infections? 3. List some infections caused by streptococcus? 4. What factors in streptococci contribute to their virulence? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 84.4 | Streptococcal infection 1. What is the microscopic appearance of streptococci? 2. What are the some post-infectious syndromes caused by streptococcal infections? 3. List some infections caused by streptococcus? 4. What factors in streptococci contribute to their virulence? [...] |
Streptococcal infection 1. What is the microscopic appearance of streptococci? 2. What are the some post-infectious syndromes caused by streptococcal infections? 3. List some infections caused by streptococcus? 4. What factors in streptococci contribute to their virulence? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 85.1 | Nephrotic syndrome 1. What are the manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome? [...] 2. What are the mechanisms of the edema? 3. Describe undderlying pathogenesis? 4. Causes? |
Nephrotic syndrome 1. What are the manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome? 2. What are the mechanisms of the edema? 3. Describe undderlying pathogenesis? 4. Causes? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 85.2 | Nephrotic syndrome 1. What are the manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome? 2. What are the mechanisms of the edema? [...] 3. Describe undderlying pathogenesis? 4. Causes? |
Nephrotic syndrome 1. What are the manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome? 2. What are the mechanisms of the edema? 3. Describe undderlying pathogenesis? 4. Causes? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 85.3 | Nephrotic syndrome 1. What are the manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome? 2. What are the mechanisms of the edema? 3. Describe undderlying pathogenesis? [...] 4. Causes? |
Nephrotic syndrome 1. What are the manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome? 2. What are the mechanisms of the edema? 3. Describe undderlying pathogenesis? 4. Causes? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 85.4 | Nephrotic syndrome 1. What are the manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome? 2. What are the mechanisms of the edema? 3. Describe undderlying pathogenesis? 4. Causes? [...] |
Nephrotic syndrome 1. What are the manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome? 2. What are the mechanisms of the edema? 3. Describe undderlying pathogenesis? 4. Causes? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 86.1 | Multiple Sclerosis 1. What is it? [...] 2. Clinical features? 3. Pathogenesis? 4. What might be found in CSF of a patient with MS? |
Multiple Sclerosis 1. What is it? 2. Clinical features? 3. Pathogenesis? 4. What might be found in CSF of a patient with MS? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 86.2 | Multiple Sclerosis 1. What is it? 2. Clinical features? [...] 3. Pathogenesis? 4. What might be found in CSF of a patient with MS? |
Multiple Sclerosis 1. What is it? 2. Clinical features? 3. Pathogenesis? 4. What might be found in CSF of a patient with MS? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 86.3 | Multiple Sclerosis 1. What is it? 2. Clinical features? 3. Pathogenesis? [...] 4. What might be found in CSF of a patient with MS? |
Multiple Sclerosis 1. What is it? 2. Clinical features? 3. Pathogenesis? 4. What might be found in CSF of a patient with MS? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 86.4 | Multiple Sclerosis 1. What is it? 2. Clinical features? 3. Pathogenesis? 4. What might be found in CSF of a patient with MS? [...] |
Multiple Sclerosis 1. What is it? 2. Clinical features? 3. Pathogenesis? 4. What might be found in CSF of a patient with MS? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 87.1 | Traumatic Brain Injury 1. Which type of vessels have been damaged to produce subdural blood seen on CT? [...] 2. Which groups of patients are most at risk for SDH and why? 3. How does an extradural haemotoma occur? 4. Define and describe diffuse axonal injury? |
Traumatic Brain Injury 1. Which type of vessels have been damaged to produce subdural blood seen on CT? 2. Which groups of patients are most at risk for SDH and why? 3. How does an extradural haemotoma occur? 4. Define and describe diffuse axonal injury? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 87.2 | Traumatic Brain Injury 1. Which type of vessels have been damaged to produce subdural blood seen on CT? 2. Which groups of patients are most at risk for SDH and why? [...] 3. How does an extradural haemotoma occur? 4. Define and describe diffuse axonal injury? |
Traumatic Brain Injury 1. Which type of vessels have been damaged to produce subdural blood seen on CT? 2. Which groups of patients are most at risk for SDH and why? 3. How does an extradural haemotoma occur? 4. Define and describe diffuse axonal injury? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 87.3 | Traumatic Brain Injury 1. Which type of vessels have been damaged to produce subdural blood seen on CT? 2. Which groups of patients are most at risk for SDH and why? 3. How does an extradural haemotoma occur? [...] 4. Define and describe diffuse axonal injury? |
Traumatic Brain Injury 1. Which type of vessels have been damaged to produce subdural blood seen on CT? 2. Which groups of patients are most at risk for SDH and why? 3. How does an extradural haemotoma occur? 4. Define and describe diffuse axonal injury? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 87.4 | Traumatic Brain Injury 1. Which type of vessels have been damaged to produce subdural blood seen on CT? 2. Which groups of patients are most at risk for SDH and why? 3. How does an extradural haemotoma occur? 4. Define and describe diffuse axonal injury? [...] |
Traumatic Brain Injury 1. Which type of vessels have been damaged to produce subdural blood seen on CT? 2. Which groups of patients are most at risk for SDH and why? 3. How does an extradural haemotoma occur? 4. Define and describe diffuse axonal injury? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 88.1 | Exocrine pancreas 1. List the enzymes secreted from the exocrine pancras? [...] 2. Give at least 3 examples of substrates that these enzymes work on? 3. Describe the regulation of panceatic juice secretion? 4. Describe the composition of pancreatic juice? |
Exocrine pancreas 1. List the enzymes secreted from the exocrine pancras? 2. Give at least 3 examples of substrates that these enzymes work on? 3. Describe the regulation of panceatic juice secretion? 4. Describe the composition of pancreatic juice? 1.2.  3.  4.  |
| 88.2 | Exocrine pancreas 1. List the enzymes secreted from the exocrine pancras? 2. Give at least 3 examples of substrates that these enzymes work on? [...] 3. Describe the regulation of panceatic juice secretion? 4. Describe the composition of pancreatic juice? |
Exocrine pancreas 1. List the enzymes secreted from the exocrine pancras? 2. Give at least 3 examples of substrates that these enzymes work on? 3. Describe the regulation of panceatic juice secretion? 4. Describe the composition of pancreatic juice? 1.2. 3. 4. |
| 88.3 | Exocrine pancreas 1. List the enzymes secreted from the exocrine pancras? 2. Give at least 3 examples of substrates that these enzymes work on? 3. Describe the regulation of panceatic juice secretion? [...] 4. Describe the composition of pancreatic juice? |
Exocrine pancreas 1. List the enzymes secreted from the exocrine pancras? 2. Give at least 3 examples of substrates that these enzymes work on? 3. Describe the regulation of panceatic juice secretion? 4. Describe the composition of pancreatic juice? 1.2. 3. 4. |
| 88.4 | Exocrine pancreas 1. List the enzymes secreted from the exocrine pancras? 2. Give at least 3 examples of substrates that these enzymes work on? 3. Describe the regulation of panceatic juice secretion? 4. Describe the composition of pancreatic juice? [...] |
Exocrine pancreas 1. List the enzymes secreted from the exocrine pancras? 2. Give at least 3 examples of substrates that these enzymes work on? 3. Describe the regulation of panceatic juice secretion? 4. Describe the composition of pancreatic juice? 1.2. 3. 4. |
| 89.1 | Spinal tracts 1. What are upper motor neurons? [...] 2. What clinical featurs are seen when they are injured? 3. What is the physiological basis of clonus? 4. List long term complications of spinal cord injury? |
Spinal tracts 1. What are upper motor neurons? 2. What clinical featurs are seen when they are injured? 3. What is the physiological basis of clonus? 4. List long term complications of spinal cord injury? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 89.2 | Spinal tracts 1. What are upper motor neurons? 2. What clinical featurs are seen when they are injured? [...] 3. What is the physiological basis of clonus? 4. List long term complications of spinal cord injury? |
Spinal tracts 1. What are upper motor neurons? 2. What clinical featurs are seen when they are injured? 3. What is the physiological basis of clonus? 4. List long term complications of spinal cord injury? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 89.3 | Spinal tracts 1. What are upper motor neurons? 2. What clinical featurs are seen when they are injured? 3. What is the physiological basis of clonus? [...] 4. List long term complications of spinal cord injury? |
Spinal tracts 1. What are upper motor neurons? 2. What clinical featurs are seen when they are injured? 3. What is the physiological basis of clonus? 4. List long term complications of spinal cord injury? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 89.4 | Spinal tracts 1. What are upper motor neurons? 2. What clinical featurs are seen when they are injured? 3. What is the physiological basis of clonus? 4. List long term complications of spinal cord injury? [...] |
Spinal tracts 1. What are upper motor neurons? 2. What clinical featurs are seen when they are injured? 3. What is the physiological basis of clonus? 4. List long term complications of spinal cord injury? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 90.1 | Referred pain 1. Define the term? [...] 2. From which structure is pain referred to the shoulder? 3. Explain this relationship? 4. Give another example of referred pain? |
Referred pain 1. Define the term? 2. From which structure is pain referred to the shoulder? 3. Explain this relationship? 4. Give another example of referred pain?  |
| 90.2 | Referred pain 1. Define the term? 2. From which structure is pain referred to the shoulder? [...] 3. Explain this relationship? 4. Give another example of referred pain? |
Referred pain 1. Define the term? 2. From which structure is pain referred to the shoulder? 3. Explain this relationship? 4. Give another example of referred pain? |
| 90.3 | Referred pain 1. Define the term? 2. From which structure is pain referred to the shoulder? 3. Explain this relationship? [...] 4. Give another example of referred pain? |
Referred pain 1. Define the term? 2. From which structure is pain referred to the shoulder? 3. Explain this relationship? 4. Give another example of referred pain? |
| 90.4 | Referred pain 1. Define the term? 2. From which structure is pain referred to the shoulder? 3. Explain this relationship? 4. Give another example of referred pain? [...] |
Referred pain 1. Define the term? 2. From which structure is pain referred to the shoulder? 3. Explain this relationship? 4. Give another example of referred pain? |
| 91.1 | GFR 1. Definition? [...] 2. Normal rate? 3. Factors that affect GFR? 4. What substances act on mesangial cells to change GFR? |
GFR 1. Definition? 2. Normal rate? 3. Factors that affect GFR? 4. What substances act on mesangial cells to change GFR? 1.  2.  3.  SBP - afferent arterial pressure - afferent/efferent arteriolar constriction hydrostatic pressure in bowmans capsule, interstitial pressure size of capillary beds regulated by mesangial cells permeability of glomerular capillaries hydrostatic and osmotic pressure gradients oncotic pressure 4.  |
| 91.2 | GFR 1. Definition? 2. Normal rate? [...] 3. Factors that affect GFR? 4. What substances act on mesangial cells to change GFR? |
GFR 1. Definition? 2. Normal rate? 3. Factors that affect GFR? 4. What substances act on mesangial cells to change GFR? 1. 2. 3. SBP - afferent arterial pressure - afferent/efferent arteriolar constriction hydrostatic pressure in bowmans capsule, interstitial pressure size of capillary beds regulated by mesangial cells permeability of glomerular capillaries hydrostatic and osmotic pressure gradients oncotic pressure 4. |
| 91.3 | GFR 1. Definition? 2. Normal rate? 3. Factors that affect GFR? [...] 4. What substances act on mesangial cells to change GFR? |
GFR 1. Definition? 2. Normal rate? 3. Factors that affect GFR? 4. What substances act on mesangial cells to change GFR? 1. 2. 3. SBP - afferent arterial pressure - afferent/efferent arteriolar constriction hydrostatic pressure in bowmans capsule, interstitial pressure size of capillary beds regulated by mesangial cells permeability of glomerular capillaries hydrostatic and osmotic pressure gradients oncotic pressure 4. |
| 91.4 | GFR 1. Definition? 2. Normal rate? 3. Factors that affect GFR? 4. What substances act on mesangial cells to change GFR? [...] |
GFR 1. Definition? 2. Normal rate? 3. Factors that affect GFR? 4. What substances act on mesangial cells to change GFR? 1. 2. 3. SBP - afferent arterial pressure - afferent/efferent arteriolar constriction hydrostatic pressure in bowmans capsule, interstitial pressure size of capillary beds regulated by mesangial cells permeability of glomerular capillaries hydrostatic and osmotic pressure gradients oncotic pressure 4. |
| 92.1 | Cell transport 1. Please outline the different ways in which a substance can cross a cell membrane? [...] 2. Can you please explain the process of a secondary active transport? 3. Describe the sodium potassium pump? 4. Give an example of a secondary active transport? |
Cell transport 1. Please outline the different ways in which a substance can cross a cell membrane? 2. Can you please explain the process of a secondary active transport? 3. Describe the sodium potassium pump? 4. Give an example of a secondary active transport? 1.  2.  3.   4.  |
| 92.2 | Cell transport 1. Please outline the different ways in which a substance can cross a cell membrane? 2. Can you please explain the process of a secondary active transport? [...] 3. Describe the sodium potassium pump? 4. Give an example of a secondary active transport? |
Cell transport 1. Please outline the different ways in which a substance can cross a cell membrane? 2. Can you please explain the process of a secondary active transport? 3. Describe the sodium potassium pump? 4. Give an example of a secondary active transport? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 92.3 | Cell transport 1. Please outline the different ways in which a substance can cross a cell membrane? 2. Can you please explain the process of a secondary active transport? 3. Describe the sodium potassium pump? [...] 4. Give an example of a secondary active transport? |
Cell transport 1. Please outline the different ways in which a substance can cross a cell membrane? 2. Can you please explain the process of a secondary active transport? 3. Describe the sodium potassium pump? 4. Give an example of a secondary active transport? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 92.4 | Cell transport 1. Please outline the different ways in which a substance can cross a cell membrane? 2. Can you please explain the process of a secondary active transport? 3. Describe the sodium potassium pump? 4. Give an example of a secondary active transport? [...] |
Cell transport 1. Please outline the different ways in which a substance can cross a cell membrane? 2. Can you please explain the process of a secondary active transport? 3. Describe the sodium potassium pump? 4. Give an example of a secondary active transport? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 93.1 | Measles 1. What type of virus? [...] 2. How is it spread? 3. Describe some of the clinical manifestations? 4. What immune reponses occur as a result? |
Measles 1. What type of virus? 2. How is it spread? 3. Describe some of the clinical manifestations? 4. What immune reponses occur as a result? 1+2.  3.   4.  |
| 93.2 | Measles 1. What type of virus? 2. How is it spread? [...] 3. Describe some of the clinical manifestations? 4. What immune reponses occur as a result? |
Measles 1. What type of virus? 2. How is it spread? 3. Describe some of the clinical manifestations? 4. What immune reponses occur as a result? 1+2. 3. 4. |
| 93.3 | Measles 1. What type of virus? 2. How is it spread? 3. Describe some of the clinical manifestations? [...] 4. What immune reponses occur as a result? |
Measles 1. What type of virus? 2. How is it spread? 3. Describe some of the clinical manifestations? 4. What immune reponses occur as a result? 1+2. 3. 4. |
| 93.4 | Measles 1. What type of virus? 2. How is it spread? 3. Describe some of the clinical manifestations? 4. What immune reponses occur as a result? [...] |
Measles 1. What type of virus? 2. How is it spread? 3. Describe some of the clinical manifestations? 4. What immune reponses occur as a result? 1+2. 3. 4. |
| 94.1 | Malaria 1. What organisms cause malaria and name the types? [...] 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How does P falciparum present clinically? 4. What factors can make people less susceptible to malaria? |
Malaria 1. What organisms cause malaria and name the types? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How does P falciparum present clinically? 4. What factors can make people less susceptible to malaria? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 94.2 | Malaria 1. What organisms cause malaria and name the types? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? [...] 3. How does P falciparum present clinically? 4. What factors can make people less susceptible to malaria? |
Malaria 1. What organisms cause malaria and name the types? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How does P falciparum present clinically? 4. What factors can make people less susceptible to malaria? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 94.3 | Malaria 1. What organisms cause malaria and name the types? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How does P falciparum present clinically? [...] 4. What factors can make people less susceptible to malaria? |
Malaria 1. What organisms cause malaria and name the types? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How does P falciparum present clinically? 4. What factors can make people less susceptible to malaria? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 94.4 | Malaria 1. What organisms cause malaria and name the types? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How does P falciparum present clinically? 4. What factors can make people less susceptible to malaria? [...] |
Malaria 1. What organisms cause malaria and name the types? 2. Describe the pathogenesis? 3. How does P falciparum present clinically? 4. What factors can make people less susceptible to malaria? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 95.1 | Ischaemic bowel 1. What conditions can lead to infarction of bowel? [...] 2. What are the clinical features of ischaemic bowel? 3. What parts of the bowel are susceptible to ischaemic injury? 4. Describe the intestinal response to an acute ischaemic insult? |
Ischaemic bowel 1. What conditions can lead to infarction of bowel? 2. What are the clinical features of ischaemic bowel? 3. What parts of the bowel are susceptible to ischaemic injury? 4. Describe the intestinal response to an acute ischaemic insult? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 95.2 | Ischaemic bowel 1. What conditions can lead to infarction of bowel? 2. What are the clinical features of ischaemic bowel? [...] 3. What parts of the bowel are susceptible to ischaemic injury? 4. Describe the intestinal response to an acute ischaemic insult? |
Ischaemic bowel 1. What conditions can lead to infarction of bowel? 2. What are the clinical features of ischaemic bowel? 3. What parts of the bowel are susceptible to ischaemic injury? 4. Describe the intestinal response to an acute ischaemic insult? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 95.3 | Ischaemic bowel 1. What conditions can lead to infarction of bowel? 2. What are the clinical features of ischaemic bowel? 3. What parts of the bowel are susceptible to ischaemic injury? [...] 4. Describe the intestinal response to an acute ischaemic insult? |
Ischaemic bowel 1. What conditions can lead to infarction of bowel? 2. What are the clinical features of ischaemic bowel? 3. What parts of the bowel are susceptible to ischaemic injury? 4. Describe the intestinal response to an acute ischaemic insult? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 95.4 | Ischaemic bowel 1. What conditions can lead to infarction of bowel? 2. What are the clinical features of ischaemic bowel? 3. What parts of the bowel are susceptible to ischaemic injury? 4. Describe the intestinal response to an acute ischaemic insult? [...] |
Ischaemic bowel 1. What conditions can lead to infarction of bowel? 2. What are the clinical features of ischaemic bowel? 3. What parts of the bowel are susceptible to ischaemic injury? 4. Describe the intestinal response to an acute ischaemic insult? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 96.1 | Obstructive uropathy 1. What are the causes of urinary tract obstruction? [...] 2. What are the clinical features of acute obstruction? 3. What are the possible sequelae of urinary tract obstruction? 4. Describe the progression of effects of unrelieved obstruction of a ureter? |
Obstructive uropathy 1. What are the causes of urinary tract obstruction? 2. What are the clinical features of acute obstruction? 3. What are the possible sequelae of urinary tract obstruction? 4. Describe the progression of effects of unrelieved obstruction of a ureter? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 96.2 | Obstructive uropathy 1. What are the causes of urinary tract obstruction? 2. What are the clinical features of acute obstruction? [...] 3. What are the possible sequelae of urinary tract obstruction? 4. Describe the progression of effects of unrelieved obstruction of a ureter? |
Obstructive uropathy 1. What are the causes of urinary tract obstruction? 2. What are the clinical features of acute obstruction? 3. What are the possible sequelae of urinary tract obstruction? 4. Describe the progression of effects of unrelieved obstruction of a ureter? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 96.3 | Obstructive uropathy 1. What are the causes of urinary tract obstruction? 2. What are the clinical features of acute obstruction? 3. What are the possible sequelae of urinary tract obstruction? [...] 4. Describe the progression of effects of unrelieved obstruction of a ureter? |
Obstructive uropathy 1. What are the causes of urinary tract obstruction? 2. What are the clinical features of acute obstruction? 3. What are the possible sequelae of urinary tract obstruction? 4. Describe the progression of effects of unrelieved obstruction of a ureter? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 96.4 | Obstructive uropathy 1. What are the causes of urinary tract obstruction? 2. What are the clinical features of acute obstruction? 3. What are the possible sequelae of urinary tract obstruction? 4. Describe the progression of effects of unrelieved obstruction of a ureter? [...] |
Obstructive uropathy 1. What are the causes of urinary tract obstruction? 2. What are the clinical features of acute obstruction? 3. What are the possible sequelae of urinary tract obstruction? 4. Describe the progression of effects of unrelieved obstruction of a ureter? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 97.1 | Antivenom 1. What is an antivenom? [...] 2. What antivenoms are used in Australasia? 3. S/e? 4. What animals are used in the production of different antivenom? |
Antivenom 1. What is an antivenom? 2. What antivenoms are used in Australasia? 3. S/e? 4. What animals are used in the production of different antivenom?  |
| 97.2 | Antivenom 1. What is an antivenom? 2. What antivenoms are used in Australasia? [...] 3. S/e? 4. What animals are used in the production of different antivenom? |
Antivenom 1. What is an antivenom? 2. What antivenoms are used in Australasia? 3. S/e? 4. What animals are used in the production of different antivenom? |
| 97.3 | Antivenom 1. What is an antivenom? 2. What antivenoms are used in Australasia? 3. S/e? [...] 4. What animals are used in the production of different antivenom? |
Antivenom 1. What is an antivenom? 2. What antivenoms are used in Australasia? 3. S/e? 4. What animals are used in the production of different antivenom? |
| 97.4 | Antivenom 1. What is an antivenom? 2. What antivenoms are used in Australasia? 3. S/e? 4. What animals are used in the production of different antivenom? [...] |
Antivenom 1. What is an antivenom? 2. What antivenoms are used in Australasia? 3. S/e? 4. What animals are used in the production of different antivenom? |
| 98.1 | Activated charcoal 1. In a poisoned patient, what modalities are available? [...] 2. How does it work? 3. Name some drugs it is not effective in absorbing? 4. Name a drug where repeated doses of activatec charcoal may assist in elimination of ? |
Activated charcoal 1. In a poisoned patient, what modalities are available? 2. How does it work? 3. Name some drugs it is not effective in absorbing? 4. Name a drug where repeated doses of activatec charcoal may assist in elimination of ?  |
| 98.2 | Activated charcoal 1. In a poisoned patient, what modalities are available? 2. How does it work? [...] 3. Name some drugs it is not effective in absorbing? 4. Name a drug where repeated doses of activatec charcoal may assist in elimination of ? |
Activated charcoal 1. In a poisoned patient, what modalities are available? 2. How does it work? 3. Name some drugs it is not effective in absorbing? 4. Name a drug where repeated doses of activatec charcoal may assist in elimination of ? |
| 98.3 | Activated charcoal 1. In a poisoned patient, what modalities are available? 2. How does it work? 3. Name some drugs it is not effective in absorbing? [...] 4. Name a drug where repeated doses of activatec charcoal may assist in elimination of ? |
Activated charcoal 1. In a poisoned patient, what modalities are available? 2. How does it work? 3. Name some drugs it is not effective in absorbing? 4. Name a drug where repeated doses of activatec charcoal may assist in elimination of ? |
| 98.4 | Activated charcoal 1. In a poisoned patient, what modalities are available? 2. How does it work? 3. Name some drugs it is not effective in absorbing? 4. Name a drug where repeated doses of activatec charcoal may assist in elimination of ? [...] |
Activated charcoal 1. In a poisoned patient, what modalities are available? 2. How does it work? 3. Name some drugs it is not effective in absorbing? 4. Name a drug where repeated doses of activatec charcoal may assist in elimination of ? |
| 99.1 | Fluclox 1. MOA? [...] 2. Microorganisms susceptible? 3. Important s/e? 4. Why is it given before meals? |
Fluclox 1. MOA? 2. Microorganisms susceptible? 3. Important s/e? 4. Why is it given before meals? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 99.2 | Fluclox 1. MOA? 2. Microorganisms susceptible? [...] 3. Important s/e? 4. Why is it given before meals? |
Fluclox 1. MOA? 2. Microorganisms susceptible? 3. Important s/e? 4. Why is it given before meals? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 99.3 | Fluclox 1. MOA? 2. Microorganisms susceptible? 3. Important s/e? [...] 4. Why is it given before meals? |
Fluclox 1. MOA? 2. Microorganisms susceptible? 3. Important s/e? 4. Why is it given before meals? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 99.4 | Fluclox 1. MOA? 2. Microorganisms susceptible? 3. Important s/e? 4. Why is it given before meals? [...] |
Fluclox 1. MOA? 2. Microorganisms susceptible? 3. Important s/e? 4. Why is it given before meals? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 100.1 | Antipsychotics 1. List the drug classes which are use din the management of acute agitation in the ED? [...] 2. What is the predominant MOA of the atypical antipsychotics? 3. Describe adverse effects of the atypical antipsychotics? 4. PK of antipsychotics generally? |
Antipsychotics 1. List the drug classes which are use din the management of acute agitation in the ED? 2. What is the predominant MOA of the atypical antipsychotics? 3. Describe adverse effects of the atypical antipsychotics? 4. PK of antipsychotics generally? 1.  2.   3.  EPS _ TPAD (tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, akathisa, dystonia) anti cholinergic - dry mouth anti histamine - sedation anti alpha - hypotension 4.  |
| 100.2 | Antipsychotics 1. List the drug classes which are use din the management of acute agitation in the ED? 2. What is the predominant MOA of the atypical antipsychotics? [...] 3. Describe adverse effects of the atypical antipsychotics? 4. PK of antipsychotics generally? |
Antipsychotics 1. List the drug classes which are use din the management of acute agitation in the ED? 2. What is the predominant MOA of the atypical antipsychotics? 3. Describe adverse effects of the atypical antipsychotics? 4. PK of antipsychotics generally? 1. 2. 3. EPS _ TPAD (tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, akathisa, dystonia) anti cholinergic - dry mouth anti histamine - sedation anti alpha - hypotension 4. |
| 100.3 | Antipsychotics 1. List the drug classes which are use din the management of acute agitation in the ED? 2. What is the predominant MOA of the atypical antipsychotics? 3. Describe adverse effects of the atypical antipsychotics? [...] 4. PK of antipsychotics generally? |
Antipsychotics 1. List the drug classes which are use din the management of acute agitation in the ED? 2. What is the predominant MOA of the atypical antipsychotics? 3. Describe adverse effects of the atypical antipsychotics? 4. PK of antipsychotics generally? 1. 2. 3. EPS _ TPAD (tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, akathisa, dystonia) anti cholinergic - dry mouth anti histamine - sedation anti alpha - hypotension 4. |
| 100.4 | Antipsychotics 1. List the drug classes which are use din the management of acute agitation in the ED? 2. What is the predominant MOA of the atypical antipsychotics? 3. Describe adverse effects of the atypical antipsychotics? 4. PK of antipsychotics generally? [...] |
Antipsychotics 1. List the drug classes which are use din the management of acute agitation in the ED? 2. What is the predominant MOA of the atypical antipsychotics? 3. Describe adverse effects of the atypical antipsychotics? 4. PK of antipsychotics generally? 1. 2. 3. EPS _ TPAD (tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, akathisa, dystonia) anti cholinergic - dry mouth anti histamine - sedation anti alpha - hypotension 4. |
| 101.1 | Lithium 1. Adverse effects of lithium? [...] 2. PK of lithium? 3. How can you assess lithium toxicity and how do you treat it? 4. Drug interactions? |
Lithium 1. Adverse effects of lithium? 2. PK of lithium? 3. How can you assess lithium toxicity and how do you treat it? 4. Drug interactions? 1.  2.   3.  4.  |
| 101.2 | Lithium 1. Adverse effects of lithium? 2. PK of lithium? [...] 3. How can you assess lithium toxicity and how do you treat it? 4. Drug interactions? |
Lithium 1. Adverse effects of lithium? 2. PK of lithium? 3. How can you assess lithium toxicity and how do you treat it? 4. Drug interactions? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 101.3 | Lithium 1. Adverse effects of lithium? 2. PK of lithium? 3. How can you assess lithium toxicity and how do you treat it? [...] 4. Drug interactions? |
Lithium 1. Adverse effects of lithium? 2. PK of lithium? 3. How can you assess lithium toxicity and how do you treat it? 4. Drug interactions? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 101.4 | Lithium 1. Adverse effects of lithium? 2. PK of lithium? 3. How can you assess lithium toxicity and how do you treat it? 4. Drug interactions? [...] |
Lithium 1. Adverse effects of lithium? 2. PK of lithium? 3. How can you assess lithium toxicity and how do you treat it? 4. Drug interactions? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 102.1 | Carbamazepine 1. What receptors do carbamazepine affect? [...] 2. What are the msot common dose-related adverse effects? 3. What important drug interactions does carbamaepine have? 4. Clinical uses? |
Carbamazepine 1. What receptors do carbamazepine affect? 2. What are the msot common dose-related adverse effects? 3. What important drug interactions does carbamaepine have? 4. Clinical uses? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 102.2 | Carbamazepine 1. What receptors do carbamazepine affect? 2. What are the msot common dose-related adverse effects? [...] 3. What important drug interactions does carbamaepine have? 4. Clinical uses? |
Carbamazepine 1. What receptors do carbamazepine affect? 2. What are the msot common dose-related adverse effects? 3. What important drug interactions does carbamaepine have? 4. Clinical uses? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 102.3 | Carbamazepine 1. What receptors do carbamazepine affect? 2. What are the msot common dose-related adverse effects? 3. What important drug interactions does carbamaepine have? [...] 4. Clinical uses? |
Carbamazepine 1. What receptors do carbamazepine affect? 2. What are the msot common dose-related adverse effects? 3. What important drug interactions does carbamaepine have? 4. Clinical uses? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 102.4 | Carbamazepine 1. What receptors do carbamazepine affect? 2. What are the msot common dose-related adverse effects? 3. What important drug interactions does carbamaepine have? 4. Clinical uses? [...] |
Carbamazepine 1. What receptors do carbamazepine affect? 2. What are the msot common dose-related adverse effects? 3. What important drug interactions does carbamaepine have? 4. Clinical uses? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 103.1 | Fibrosis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of fibrosis? [...] 2. What cells are involved? 3. Provide some examples? 4. What are the local triggers of fibroblast migration and proliferation? |
Fibrosis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of fibrosis? 2. What cells are involved? 3. Provide some examples? 4. What are the local triggers of fibroblast migration and proliferation? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 103.2 | Fibrosis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of fibrosis? 2. What cells are involved? [...] 3. Provide some examples? 4. What are the local triggers of fibroblast migration and proliferation? |
Fibrosis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of fibrosis? 2. What cells are involved? 3. Provide some examples? 4. What are the local triggers of fibroblast migration and proliferation? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 103.3 | Fibrosis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of fibrosis? 2. What cells are involved? 3. Provide some examples? [...] 4. What are the local triggers of fibroblast migration and proliferation? |
Fibrosis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of fibrosis? 2. What cells are involved? 3. Provide some examples? 4. What are the local triggers of fibroblast migration and proliferation? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 103.4 | Fibrosis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of fibrosis? 2. What cells are involved? 3. Provide some examples? 4. What are the local triggers of fibroblast migration and proliferation? [...] |
Fibrosis 1. Describe the pathogenesis of fibrosis? 2. What cells are involved? 3. Provide some examples? 4. What are the local triggers of fibroblast migration and proliferation? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 104.1 | Extraocular eye muscles  1. Label them? [...] 2. Describe their actions? 3. What nerves supply these muscles? 4. How are the actions of these muscles tested clinically? |
Extraocular eye muscles 1. Label them? 2. Describe their actions? 3. What nerves supply these muscles? 4. How are the actions of these muscles tested clinically? 1.  2.  3.  LR6 SO4 rest 3 4.  |
| 104.2 | Extraocular eye muscles 1. Label them? 2. Describe their actions? [...] 3. What nerves supply these muscles? 4. How are the actions of these muscles tested clinically? |
Extraocular eye muscles 1. Label them? 2. Describe their actions? 3. What nerves supply these muscles? 4. How are the actions of these muscles tested clinically? 1. 2. 3. LR6 SO4 rest 3 4. |
| 104.3 | Extraocular eye muscles 1. Label them? 2. Describe their actions? 3. What nerves supply these muscles? [...] 4. How are the actions of these muscles tested clinically? |
Extraocular eye muscles 1. Label them? 2. Describe their actions? 3. What nerves supply these muscles? 4. How are the actions of these muscles tested clinically? 1. 2. 3. LR6 SO4 rest 3 4. |
| 104.4 | Extraocular eye muscles 1. Label them? 2. Describe their actions? 3. What nerves supply these muscles? 4. How are the actions of these muscles tested clinically? [...] |
Extraocular eye muscles 1. Label them? 2. Describe their actions? 3. What nerves supply these muscles? 4. How are the actions of these muscles tested clinically? 1. 2. 3. LR6 SO4 rest 3 4. |
| 105.1 | Osteomyelitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis? [...] 2. What organisms cause OM? 3. What pathological changes occur to the bone? 4. What are the possible sequelae of OM? |
Osteomyelitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis? 2. What organisms cause OM? 3. What pathological changes occur to the bone? 4. What are the possible sequelae of OM? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 105.2 | Osteomyelitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis? 2. What organisms cause OM? [...] 3. What pathological changes occur to the bone? 4. What are the possible sequelae of OM? |
Osteomyelitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis? 2. What organisms cause OM? 3. What pathological changes occur to the bone? 4. What are the possible sequelae of OM? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 105.3 | Osteomyelitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis? 2. What organisms cause OM? 3. What pathological changes occur to the bone? [...] 4. What are the possible sequelae of OM? |
Osteomyelitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis? 2. What organisms cause OM? 3. What pathological changes occur to the bone? 4. What are the possible sequelae of OM? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 105.4 | Osteomyelitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis? 2. What organisms cause OM? 3. What pathological changes occur to the bone? 4. What are the possible sequelae of OM? [...] |
Osteomyelitis 1. Describe the pathogenesis? 2. What organisms cause OM? 3. What pathological changes occur to the bone? 4. What are the possible sequelae of OM? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 106.1 | Pancuronium 1. MOA/class? [...] 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does sux differ from rocu? |
Pancuronium 1. MOA/class? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does sux differ from rocu? 1.  2.   3.  4.  |
| 106.2 | Pancuronium 1. MOA/class? 2. PK? [...] 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does sux differ from rocu? |
Pancuronium 1. MOA/class? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does sux differ from rocu? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 106.3 | Pancuronium 1. MOA/class? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? [...] 4. How does sux differ from rocu? |
Pancuronium 1. MOA/class? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does sux differ from rocu? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 106.4 | Pancuronium 1. MOA/class? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does sux differ from rocu? [...] |
Pancuronium 1. MOA/class? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 4. How does sux differ from rocu? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 107.1 | Nitrous Oxide 1. Explain the solubility characteristics of NO? [...] 2. Draw the arterial anaesthetic tension vs time for NO vs halothane vs methoxyflurane? 3. PD? 4. MOA? |
Nitrous Oxide 1. Explain the solubility characteristics of NO? 2. Draw the arterial anaesthetic tension vs time for NO vs halothane vs methoxyflurane? 3. PD? 4. MOA? 1.  2. 90-50-20  3.  4.  Cl channel |
| 107.2 | Nitrous Oxide 1. Explain the solubility characteristics of NO? 2. Draw the arterial anaesthetic tension vs time for NO vs halothane vs methoxyflurane? [...] 3. PD? 4. MOA? |
Nitrous Oxide 1. Explain the solubility characteristics of NO? 2. Draw the arterial anaesthetic tension vs time for NO vs halothane vs methoxyflurane? 3. PD? 4. MOA? 1. 2. 90-50-20 3. 4. Cl channel |
| 107.3 | Nitrous Oxide 1. Explain the solubility characteristics of NO? 2. Draw the arterial anaesthetic tension vs time for NO vs halothane vs methoxyflurane? 3. PD? [...] 4. MOA? |
Nitrous Oxide 1. Explain the solubility characteristics of NO? 2. Draw the arterial anaesthetic tension vs time for NO vs halothane vs methoxyflurane? 3. PD? 4. MOA? 1. 2. 90-50-20 3. 4. Cl channel |
| 107.4 | Nitrous Oxide 1. Explain the solubility characteristics of NO? 2. Draw the arterial anaesthetic tension vs time for NO vs halothane vs methoxyflurane? 3. PD? 4. MOA? [...] |
Nitrous Oxide 1. Explain the solubility characteristics of NO? 2. Draw the arterial anaesthetic tension vs time for NO vs halothane vs methoxyflurane? 3. PD? 4. MOA? 1. 2. 90-50-20 3. 4. Cl channel |
| 108.1 | Pyelonephritis 1. What organisms cause acute pyelo? [...] 2. What steps are involved in ascending infection? 3. What conditions predispose to acute pyelonephritis? 4. What are the features of chronic pyelo? |
Pyelonephritis 1. What organisms cause acute pyelo? 2. What steps are involved in ascending infection? 3. What conditions predispose to acute pyelonephritis? 4. What are the features of chronic pyelo? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 108.2 | Pyelonephritis 1. What organisms cause acute pyelo? 2. What steps are involved in ascending infection? [...] 3. What conditions predispose to acute pyelonephritis? 4. What are the features of chronic pyelo? |
Pyelonephritis 1. What organisms cause acute pyelo? 2. What steps are involved in ascending infection? 3. What conditions predispose to acute pyelonephritis? 4. What are the features of chronic pyelo? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 108.3 | Pyelonephritis 1. What organisms cause acute pyelo? 2. What steps are involved in ascending infection? 3. What conditions predispose to acute pyelonephritis? [...] 4. What are the features of chronic pyelo? |
Pyelonephritis 1. What organisms cause acute pyelo? 2. What steps are involved in ascending infection? 3. What conditions predispose to acute pyelonephritis? 4. What are the features of chronic pyelo? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 108.4 | Pyelonephritis 1. What organisms cause acute pyelo? 2. What steps are involved in ascending infection? 3. What conditions predispose to acute pyelonephritis? 4. What are the features of chronic pyelo? [...] |
Pyelonephritis 1. What organisms cause acute pyelo? 2. What steps are involved in ascending infection? 3. What conditions predispose to acute pyelonephritis? 4. What are the features of chronic pyelo? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 109.1 | Fever 1. Describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of fever? [...] 2. How does the body lose heat? 3. What are the body's adaptive response to cold environments? 4. Where are the responses to cold and heat controlled? |
Fever 1. Describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of fever? 2. How does the body lose heat? 3. What are the body's adaptive response to cold environments? 4. Where are the responses to cold and heat controlled? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 109.2 | Fever 1. Describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of fever? 2. How does the body lose heat? [...] 3. What are the body's adaptive response to cold environments? 4. Where are the responses to cold and heat controlled? |
Fever 1. Describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of fever? 2. How does the body lose heat? 3. What are the body's adaptive response to cold environments? 4. Where are the responses to cold and heat controlled? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 109.3 | Fever 1. Describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of fever? 2. How does the body lose heat? 3. What are the body's adaptive response to cold environments? [...] 4. Where are the responses to cold and heat controlled? |
Fever 1. Describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of fever? 2. How does the body lose heat? 3. What are the body's adaptive response to cold environments? 4. Where are the responses to cold and heat controlled? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 109.4 | Fever 1. Describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of fever? 2. How does the body lose heat? 3. What are the body's adaptive response to cold environments? 4. Where are the responses to cold and heat controlled? [...] |
Fever 1. Describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of fever? 2. How does the body lose heat? 3. What are the body's adaptive response to cold environments? 4. Where are the responses to cold and heat controlled? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 110.1 | ABG 1. Causes of respiratory acidosis? [...] 2. Causes of respiratory alkalosis? 3. Causes of metabolic acidosis? 4. Causes of metabolic alkalosis? |
ABG 1. Causes of respiratory acidosis? 2. Causes of respiratory alkalosis? 3. Causes of metabolic acidosis? 4. Causes of metabolic alkalosis? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 110.2 | ABG 1. Causes of respiratory acidosis? 2. Causes of respiratory alkalosis? [...] 3. Causes of metabolic acidosis? 4. Causes of metabolic alkalosis? |
ABG 1. Causes of respiratory acidosis? 2. Causes of respiratory alkalosis? 3. Causes of metabolic acidosis? 4. Causes of metabolic alkalosis? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 110.3 | ABG 1. Causes of respiratory acidosis? 2. Causes of respiratory alkalosis? 3. Causes of metabolic acidosis? [...] 4. Causes of metabolic alkalosis? |
ABG 1. Causes of respiratory acidosis? 2. Causes of respiratory alkalosis? 3. Causes of metabolic acidosis? 4. Causes of metabolic alkalosis? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 110.4 | ABG 1. Causes of respiratory acidosis? 2. Causes of respiratory alkalosis? 3. Causes of metabolic acidosis? 4. Causes of metabolic alkalosis? [...] |
ABG 1. Causes of respiratory acidosis? 2. Causes of respiratory alkalosis? 3. Causes of metabolic acidosis? 4. Causes of metabolic alkalosis? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 111.1 | Glucocorticoids 1. What are the physiological effects of glucocorticoids? [...] 2. How is glucocorticoid secretion regulated? 3. What are the vascular effects of abruptly stopping long term glucocorticoids? 4. How is it metabolised? |
Glucocorticoids 1. What are the physiological effects of glucocorticoids? 2. How is glucocorticoid secretion regulated? 3. What are the vascular effects of abruptly stopping long term glucocorticoids? 4. How is it metabolised? 1.  2.   3.  4.  |
| 111.2 | Glucocorticoids 1. What are the physiological effects of glucocorticoids? 2. How is glucocorticoid secretion regulated? [...] 3. What are the vascular effects of abruptly stopping long term glucocorticoids? 4. How is it metabolised? |
Glucocorticoids 1. What are the physiological effects of glucocorticoids? 2. How is glucocorticoid secretion regulated? 3. What are the vascular effects of abruptly stopping long term glucocorticoids? 4. How is it metabolised? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 111.3 | Glucocorticoids 1. What are the physiological effects of glucocorticoids? 2. How is glucocorticoid secretion regulated? 3. What are the vascular effects of abruptly stopping long term glucocorticoids? [...] 4. How is it metabolised? |
Glucocorticoids 1. What are the physiological effects of glucocorticoids? 2. How is glucocorticoid secretion regulated? 3. What are the vascular effects of abruptly stopping long term glucocorticoids? 4. How is it metabolised? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 111.4 | Glucocorticoids 1. What are the physiological effects of glucocorticoids? 2. How is glucocorticoid secretion regulated? 3. What are the vascular effects of abruptly stopping long term glucocorticoids? 4. How is it metabolised? [...] |
Glucocorticoids 1. What are the physiological effects of glucocorticoids? 2. How is glucocorticoid secretion regulated? 3. What are the vascular effects of abruptly stopping long term glucocorticoids? 4. How is it metabolised? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 112.1 | Alcoholic liver disease 1. Describe the pathological features of the liver in alcoholic liver disease? [...] 2. Which of these features are reversible? 3. What are the possible clinical sequelae of cirrhosis? 4. What changes occur at the cellular level? |
Alcoholic liver disease 1. Describe the pathological features of the liver in alcoholic liver disease? 2. Which of these features are reversible? 3. What are the possible clinical sequelae of cirrhosis? 4. What changes occur at the cellular level? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 112.2 | Alcoholic liver disease 1. Describe the pathological features of the liver in alcoholic liver disease? 2. Which of these features are reversible? [...] 3. What are the possible clinical sequelae of cirrhosis? 4. What changes occur at the cellular level? |
Alcoholic liver disease 1. Describe the pathological features of the liver in alcoholic liver disease? 2. Which of these features are reversible? 3. What are the possible clinical sequelae of cirrhosis? 4. What changes occur at the cellular level? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 112.3 | Alcoholic liver disease 1. Describe the pathological features of the liver in alcoholic liver disease? 2. Which of these features are reversible? 3. What are the possible clinical sequelae of cirrhosis? [...] 4. What changes occur at the cellular level? |
Alcoholic liver disease 1. Describe the pathological features of the liver in alcoholic liver disease? 2. Which of these features are reversible? 3. What are the possible clinical sequelae of cirrhosis? 4. What changes occur at the cellular level? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 112.4 | Alcoholic liver disease 1. Describe the pathological features of the liver in alcoholic liver disease? 2. Which of these features are reversible? 3. What are the possible clinical sequelae of cirrhosis? 4. What changes occur at the cellular level? [...] |
Alcoholic liver disease 1. Describe the pathological features of the liver in alcoholic liver disease? 2. Which of these features are reversible? 3. What are the possible clinical sequelae of cirrhosis? 4. What changes occur at the cellular level? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 113.1 | Pacemaker AP 1. Draw and describe AP of a pacemaker cell? [...] 2. Mecanisms of abnormalities of cardiac conduction? 3. Pacemaker AP vs ventricular muscle AP differences? 4. Draw ventricular muscle AP with ion flows and values? |
Pacemaker AP 1. Draw and describe AP of a pacemaker cell? 2. Mecanisms of abnormalities of cardiac conduction? 3. Pacemaker AP vs ventricular muscle AP differences? 4. Draw ventricular muscle AP with ion flows and values? 1.  2.   3.  4.  |
| 113.2 | Pacemaker AP 1. Draw and describe AP of a pacemaker cell? 2. Mecanisms of abnormalities of cardiac conduction? [...] 3. Pacemaker AP vs ventricular muscle AP differences? 4. Draw ventricular muscle AP with ion flows and values? |
Pacemaker AP 1. Draw and describe AP of a pacemaker cell? 2. Mecanisms of abnormalities of cardiac conduction? 3. Pacemaker AP vs ventricular muscle AP differences? 4. Draw ventricular muscle AP with ion flows and values? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 113.3 | Pacemaker AP 1. Draw and describe AP of a pacemaker cell? 2. Mecanisms of abnormalities of cardiac conduction? 3. Pacemaker AP vs ventricular muscle AP differences? [...] 4. Draw ventricular muscle AP with ion flows and values? |
Pacemaker AP 1. Draw and describe AP of a pacemaker cell? 2. Mecanisms of abnormalities of cardiac conduction? 3. Pacemaker AP vs ventricular muscle AP differences? 4. Draw ventricular muscle AP with ion flows and values? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 113.4 | Pacemaker AP 1. Draw and describe AP of a pacemaker cell? 2. Mecanisms of abnormalities of cardiac conduction? 3. Pacemaker AP vs ventricular muscle AP differences? 4. Draw ventricular muscle AP with ion flows and values? [...] |
Pacemaker AP 1. Draw and describe AP of a pacemaker cell? 2. Mecanisms of abnormalities of cardiac conduction? 3. Pacemaker AP vs ventricular muscle AP differences? 4. Draw ventricular muscle AP with ion flows and values? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 114.1 | Renal Hydrogen Ion handling 1. Where is hydrogen secreted in the kidneys? [...] 2. Describe how hydrogen ions are secreted into the urine in each of these areas? 3. Describe the role of buffers in the kidney? 4. What is the limiting pH of urine and where is it reached? |
Renal Hydrogen Ion handling 1. Where is hydrogen secreted in the kidneys? 2. Describe how hydrogen ions are secreted into the urine in each of these areas? 3. Describe the role of buffers in the kidney? 4. What is the limiting pH of urine and where is it reached? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 114.2 | Renal Hydrogen Ion handling 1. Where is hydrogen secreted in the kidneys? 2. Describe how hydrogen ions are secreted into the urine in each of these areas? [...] 3. Describe the role of buffers in the kidney? 4. What is the limiting pH of urine and where is it reached? |
Renal Hydrogen Ion handling 1. Where is hydrogen secreted in the kidneys? 2. Describe how hydrogen ions are secreted into the urine in each of these areas? 3. Describe the role of buffers in the kidney? 4. What is the limiting pH of urine and where is it reached? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 114.3 | Renal Hydrogen Ion handling 1. Where is hydrogen secreted in the kidneys? 2. Describe how hydrogen ions are secreted into the urine in each of these areas? 3. Describe the role of buffers in the kidney? [...] 4. What is the limiting pH of urine and where is it reached? |
Renal Hydrogen Ion handling 1. Where is hydrogen secreted in the kidneys? 2. Describe how hydrogen ions are secreted into the urine in each of these areas? 3. Describe the role of buffers in the kidney? 4. What is the limiting pH of urine and where is it reached? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 114.4 | Renal Hydrogen Ion handling 1. Where is hydrogen secreted in the kidneys? 2. Describe how hydrogen ions are secreted into the urine in each of these areas? 3. Describe the role of buffers in the kidney? 4. What is the limiting pH of urine and where is it reached? [...] |
Renal Hydrogen Ion handling 1. Where is hydrogen secreted in the kidneys? 2. Describe how hydrogen ions are secreted into the urine in each of these areas? 3. Describe the role of buffers in the kidney? 4. What is the limiting pH of urine and where is it reached? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 115.1 | Hyperplasia 1. Definition? [...] 2. Different types and examples? 3. Clinical features of BPH? 4. Cellular mechanisms of physiological hyperplasia? |
Hyperplasia 1. Definition? 2. Different types and examples? 3. Clinical features of BPH? 4. Cellular mechanisms of physiological hyperplasia? 1.2.3.  4.  |
| 115.2 | Hyperplasia 1. Definition? 2. Different types and examples? [...] 3. Clinical features of BPH? 4. Cellular mechanisms of physiological hyperplasia? |
Hyperplasia 1. Definition? 2. Different types and examples? 3. Clinical features of BPH? 4. Cellular mechanisms of physiological hyperplasia? 1.2.3. 4. |
| 115.3 | Hyperplasia 1. Definition? 2. Different types and examples? 3. Clinical features of BPH? [...] 4. Cellular mechanisms of physiological hyperplasia? |
Hyperplasia 1. Definition? 2. Different types and examples? 3. Clinical features of BPH? 4. Cellular mechanisms of physiological hyperplasia? 1.2.3. 4. |
| 115.4 | Hyperplasia 1. Definition? 2. Different types and examples? 3. Clinical features of BPH? 4. Cellular mechanisms of physiological hyperplasia? [...] |
Hyperplasia 1. Definition? 2. Different types and examples? 3. Clinical features of BPH? 4. Cellular mechanisms of physiological hyperplasia? 1.2.3. 4. |
| 116.1 | Renal blood flow 1. What percentage of cardiac output goes to the kidneys? [...] 2. How is RBF regulated? 3. How can RBF be measured? 4. Describe the differences in regional blood flow within the kidney? |
Renal blood flow 1. What percentage of cardiac output goes to the kidneys? 2. How is RBF regulated? 3. How can RBF be measured? 4. Describe the differences in regional blood flow within the kidney? 1.2.  3.  4.  |
| 116.2 | Renal blood flow 1. What percentage of cardiac output goes to the kidneys? 2. How is RBF regulated? [...] 3. How can RBF be measured? 4. Describe the differences in regional blood flow within the kidney? |
Renal blood flow 1. What percentage of cardiac output goes to the kidneys? 2. How is RBF regulated? 3. How can RBF be measured? 4. Describe the differences in regional blood flow within the kidney? 1.2. 3. 4. |
| 116.3 | Renal blood flow 1. What percentage of cardiac output goes to the kidneys? 2. How is RBF regulated? 3. How can RBF be measured? [...] 4. Describe the differences in regional blood flow within the kidney? |
Renal blood flow 1. What percentage of cardiac output goes to the kidneys? 2. How is RBF regulated? 3. How can RBF be measured? 4. Describe the differences in regional blood flow within the kidney? 1.2. 3. 4. |
| 116.4 | Renal blood flow 1. What percentage of cardiac output goes to the kidneys? 2. How is RBF regulated? 3. How can RBF be measured? 4. Describe the differences in regional blood flow within the kidney? [...] |
Renal blood flow 1. What percentage of cardiac output goes to the kidneys? 2. How is RBF regulated? 3. How can RBF be measured? 4. Describe the differences in regional blood flow within the kidney? 1.2. 3. 4. |
| 117.1 | Autoregulation 1. What is autoregulation of tissue blood flow? [...] 2. What are the proposed mechanisms involved in autoregulation? 3. What are local factors that lead to vasodilation? 4. How would this apply to autoregulation of cerebral blood flow? |
Autoregulation 1. What is autoregulation of tissue blood flow? 2. What are the proposed mechanisms involved in autoregulation? 3. What are local factors that lead to vasodilation? 4. How would this apply to autoregulation of cerebral blood flow? 1. 2. 3.  4.  |
| 117.2 | Autoregulation 1. What is autoregulation of tissue blood flow? 2. What are the proposed mechanisms involved in autoregulation? [...] 3. What are local factors that lead to vasodilation? 4. How would this apply to autoregulation of cerebral blood flow? |
Autoregulation 1. What is autoregulation of tissue blood flow? 2. What are the proposed mechanisms involved in autoregulation? 3. What are local factors that lead to vasodilation? 4. How would this apply to autoregulation of cerebral blood flow? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 117.3 | Autoregulation 1. What is autoregulation of tissue blood flow? 2. What are the proposed mechanisms involved in autoregulation? 3. What are local factors that lead to vasodilation? [...] 4. How would this apply to autoregulation of cerebral blood flow? |
Autoregulation 1. What is autoregulation of tissue blood flow? 2. What are the proposed mechanisms involved in autoregulation? 3. What are local factors that lead to vasodilation? 4. How would this apply to autoregulation of cerebral blood flow? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 117.4 | Autoregulation 1. What is autoregulation of tissue blood flow? 2. What are the proposed mechanisms involved in autoregulation? 3. What are local factors that lead to vasodilation? 4. How would this apply to autoregulation of cerebral blood flow? [...] |
Autoregulation 1. What is autoregulation of tissue blood flow? 2. What are the proposed mechanisms involved in autoregulation? 3. What are local factors that lead to vasodilation? 4. How would this apply to autoregulation of cerebral blood flow? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 118.1 | Lignocaine 1. PD on the heart? [...] 2. Adverse effects? 3. Clinical uses? 4. What features distiguish this from other Class 1s? |
Lignocaine 1. PD on the heart? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Clinical uses? 4. What features distiguish this from other Class 1s? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 118.2 | Lignocaine 1. PD on the heart? 2. Adverse effects? [...] 3. Clinical uses? 4. What features distiguish this from other Class 1s? |
Lignocaine 1. PD on the heart? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Clinical uses? 4. What features distiguish this from other Class 1s? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 118.3 | Lignocaine 1. PD on the heart? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Clinical uses? [...] 4. What features distiguish this from other Class 1s? |
Lignocaine 1. PD on the heart? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Clinical uses? 4. What features distiguish this from other Class 1s? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 118.4 | Lignocaine 1. PD on the heart? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Clinical uses? 4. What features distiguish this from other Class 1s? [...] |
Lignocaine 1. PD on the heart? 2. Adverse effects? 3. Clinical uses? 4. What features distiguish this from other Class 1s? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 119.1 | Acyclovir 1. Indications? [...] 2. MOA? 3. PK? 4. S/e? |
Acyclovir 1. Indications? 2. MOA? 3. PK? 4. S/e? 1.  |
| 119.2 | Acyclovir 1. Indications? 2. MOA? [...] 3. PK? 4. S/e? |
Acyclovir 1. Indications? 2. MOA? 3. PK? 4. S/e? 1. |
| 119.3 | Acyclovir 1. Indications? 2. MOA? 3. PK? [...] 4. S/e? |
Acyclovir 1. Indications? 2. MOA? 3. PK? 4. S/e? 1. |
| 119.4 | Acyclovir 1. Indications? 2. MOA? 3. PK? 4. S/e? [...] |
Acyclovir 1. Indications? 2. MOA? 3. PK? 4. S/e? 1. |
| 120.1 | Aortic stenosis 1. Predisposing factors for calcific AS? [...] 2. Calcficic aortic stenosis vs rhematic - what clinical signs differentiate this 3. Pathological and clinical consequences? 4. Potential complications of a congenital bicuspind aortic valve? |
Aortic stenosis 1. Predisposing factors for calcific AS? 2. Calcficic aortic stenosis vs rhematic - what clinical signs differentiate this 3. Pathological and clinical consequences? 4. Potential complications of a congenital bicuspind aortic valve? 1.  2.  3.  .4.  |
| 120.2 | Aortic stenosis 1. Predisposing factors for calcific AS? 2. Calcficic aortic stenosis vs rhematic - what clinical signs differentiate this [...] 3. Pathological and clinical consequences? 4. Potential complications of a congenital bicuspind aortic valve? |
Aortic stenosis 1. Predisposing factors for calcific AS? 2. Calcficic aortic stenosis vs rhematic - what clinical signs differentiate this 3. Pathological and clinical consequences? 4. Potential complications of a congenital bicuspind aortic valve? 1. 2. 3. .4. |
| 120.3 | Aortic stenosis 1. Predisposing factors for calcific AS? 2. Calcficic aortic stenosis vs rhematic - what clinical signs differentiate this 3. Pathological and clinical consequences? [...] 4. Potential complications of a congenital bicuspind aortic valve? |
Aortic stenosis 1. Predisposing factors for calcific AS? 2. Calcficic aortic stenosis vs rhematic - what clinical signs differentiate this 3. Pathological and clinical consequences? 4. Potential complications of a congenital bicuspind aortic valve? 1. 2. 3. .4. |
| 120.4 | Aortic stenosis 1. Predisposing factors for calcific AS? 2. Calcficic aortic stenosis vs rhematic - what clinical signs differentiate this 3. Pathological and clinical consequences? 4. Potential complications of a congenital bicuspind aortic valve? [...] |
Aortic stenosis 1. Predisposing factors for calcific AS? 2. Calcficic aortic stenosis vs rhematic - what clinical signs differentiate this 3. Pathological and clinical consequences? 4. Potential complications of a congenital bicuspind aortic valve? 1. 2. 3. .4. |
| 121.1 | Salbutamol 1. Compare salbutamol and salmeterol? [...] 2. Advantages and disadvantages of IV salbutamol 3. Routes of administration 4. Pros of nebulised and puffers? |
Salbutamol 1. Compare salbutamol and salmeterol? 2. Advantages and disadvantages of IV salbutamol 3. Routes of administration 4. Pros of nebulised and puffers? 1.  2.  3.  4.   |
| 121.2 | Salbutamol 1. Compare salbutamol and salmeterol? 2. Advantages and disadvantages of IV salbutamol [...] 3. Routes of administration 4. Pros of nebulised and puffers? |
Salbutamol 1. Compare salbutamol and salmeterol? 2. Advantages and disadvantages of IV salbutamol 3. Routes of administration 4. Pros of nebulised and puffers? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 121.3 | Salbutamol 1. Compare salbutamol and salmeterol? 2. Advantages and disadvantages of IV salbutamol 3. Routes of administration [...] 4. Pros of nebulised and puffers? |
Salbutamol 1. Compare salbutamol and salmeterol? 2. Advantages and disadvantages of IV salbutamol 3. Routes of administration 4. Pros of nebulised and puffers? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 121.4 | Salbutamol 1. Compare salbutamol and salmeterol? 2. Advantages and disadvantages of IV salbutamol 3. Routes of administration 4. Pros of nebulised and puffers? [...] |
Salbutamol 1. Compare salbutamol and salmeterol? 2. Advantages and disadvantages of IV salbutamol 3. Routes of administration 4. Pros of nebulised and puffers? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 122.1 | Asthma 1. Define and describe [...] 2. Pathogenesis of acute atopic asthma 3. What are the potential trigger agents for non-atopic asthma? 4. What cells are involved in the late phase response? |
Asthma 1. Define and describe 2. Pathogenesis of acute atopic asthma 3. What are the potential trigger agents for non-atopic asthma? 4. What cells are involved in the late phase response? 1.  2.  3.  4. |
| 122.2 | Asthma 1. Define and describe 2. Pathogenesis of acute atopic asthma [...] 3. What are the potential trigger agents for non-atopic asthma? 4. What cells are involved in the late phase response? |
Asthma 1. Define and describe 2. Pathogenesis of acute atopic asthma 3. What are the potential trigger agents for non-atopic asthma? 4. What cells are involved in the late phase response? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 122.3 | Asthma 1. Define and describe 2. Pathogenesis of acute atopic asthma 3. What are the potential trigger agents for non-atopic asthma? [...] 4. What cells are involved in the late phase response? |
Asthma 1. Define and describe 2. Pathogenesis of acute atopic asthma 3. What are the potential trigger agents for non-atopic asthma? 4. What cells are involved in the late phase response? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 122.4 | Asthma 1. Define and describe 2. Pathogenesis of acute atopic asthma 3. What are the potential trigger agents for non-atopic asthma? 4. What cells are involved in the late phase response? [...] |
Asthma 1. Define and describe 2. Pathogenesis of acute atopic asthma 3. What are the potential trigger agents for non-atopic asthma? 4. What cells are involved in the late phase response? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 123.1 | Oedema 1. What is oedema? [...] 2. What are some of the causes of oedema and mechanisms of oedema formation? 3. What is the difference in composition of fluid, between inflammatory and non-inflammatory edema? 4. What factors govern the movement of fluid between the vascular and interstitial spaces? |
Oedema 1. What is oedema? 2. What are some of the causes of oedema and mechanisms of oedema formation? 3. What is the difference in composition of fluid, between inflammatory and non-inflammatory edema? 4. What factors govern the movement of fluid between the vascular and interstitial spaces? 1.  2.   3.  4.  |
| 123.2 | Oedema 1. What is oedema? 2. What are some of the causes of oedema and mechanisms of oedema formation? [...] 3. What is the difference in composition of fluid, between inflammatory and non-inflammatory edema? 4. What factors govern the movement of fluid between the vascular and interstitial spaces? |
Oedema 1. What is oedema? 2. What are some of the causes of oedema and mechanisms of oedema formation? 3. What is the difference in composition of fluid, between inflammatory and non-inflammatory edema? 4. What factors govern the movement of fluid between the vascular and interstitial spaces? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 123.3 | Oedema 1. What is oedema? 2. What are some of the causes of oedema and mechanisms of oedema formation? 3. What is the difference in composition of fluid, between inflammatory and non-inflammatory edema? [...] 4. What factors govern the movement of fluid between the vascular and interstitial spaces? |
Oedema 1. What is oedema? 2. What are some of the causes of oedema and mechanisms of oedema formation? 3. What is the difference in composition of fluid, between inflammatory and non-inflammatory edema? 4. What factors govern the movement of fluid between the vascular and interstitial spaces? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 123.4 | Oedema 1. What is oedema? 2. What are some of the causes of oedema and mechanisms of oedema formation? 3. What is the difference in composition of fluid, between inflammatory and non-inflammatory edema? 4. What factors govern the movement of fluid between the vascular and interstitial spaces? [...] |
Oedema 1. What is oedema? 2. What are some of the causes of oedema and mechanisms of oedema formation? 3. What is the difference in composition of fluid, between inflammatory and non-inflammatory edema? 4. What factors govern the movement of fluid between the vascular and interstitial spaces? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 124.1 | Haemostasis 1. Describe the process of primary hemostasis? [...] 2. How is the coagulation cascade activated following injury? 3. What lab tests are used to assess the function of the different pathways of the coagulation cascade? which are Vit K dependent? 4. What is the sequence of events that occur to produce haemostasis after a vascular injury? |
Haemostasis 1. Describe the process of primary hemostasis? 2. How is the coagulation cascade activated following injury? 3. What lab tests are used to assess the function of the different pathways of the coagulation cascade? which are Vit K dependent? 4. What is the sequence of events that occur to produce haemostasis after a vascular injury? 1.  2.  3.   4.  |
| 124.2 | Haemostasis 1. Describe the process of primary hemostasis? 2. How is the coagulation cascade activated following injury? [...] 3. What lab tests are used to assess the function of the different pathways of the coagulation cascade? which are Vit K dependent? 4. What is the sequence of events that occur to produce haemostasis after a vascular injury? |
Haemostasis 1. Describe the process of primary hemostasis? 2. How is the coagulation cascade activated following injury? 3. What lab tests are used to assess the function of the different pathways of the coagulation cascade? which are Vit K dependent? 4. What is the sequence of events that occur to produce haemostasis after a vascular injury? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 124.3 | Haemostasis 1. Describe the process of primary hemostasis? 2. How is the coagulation cascade activated following injury? 3. What lab tests are used to assess the function of the different pathways of the coagulation cascade? which are Vit K dependent? [...] 4. What is the sequence of events that occur to produce haemostasis after a vascular injury? |
Haemostasis 1. Describe the process of primary hemostasis? 2. How is the coagulation cascade activated following injury? 3. What lab tests are used to assess the function of the different pathways of the coagulation cascade? which are Vit K dependent? 4. What is the sequence of events that occur to produce haemostasis after a vascular injury? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 124.4 | Haemostasis 1. Describe the process of primary hemostasis? 2. How is the coagulation cascade activated following injury? 3. What lab tests are used to assess the function of the different pathways of the coagulation cascade? which are Vit K dependent? 4. What is the sequence of events that occur to produce haemostasis after a vascular injury? [...] |
Haemostasis 1. Describe the process of primary hemostasis? 2. How is the coagulation cascade activated following injury? 3. What lab tests are used to assess the function of the different pathways of the coagulation cascade? which are Vit K dependent? 4. What is the sequence of events that occur to produce haemostasis after a vascular injury? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 125.1 | Phenytoin 1. MOA [...] 2. Describe the PK of phenytoin and elimination profile and how it affects toxicity 3. S/e of phenytoin + common features of acute overdose 4. Rationale for using Loading dose |
Phenytoin 1. MOA 2. Describe the PK of phenytoin and elimination profile and how it affects toxicity 3. S/e of phenytoin + common features of acute overdose 4. Rationale for using Loading dose 1.  2.   3.  4.  |
| 125.2 | Phenytoin 1. MOA 2. Describe the PK of phenytoin and elimination profile and how it affects toxicity [...] 3. S/e of phenytoin + common features of acute overdose 4. Rationale for using Loading dose |
Phenytoin 1. MOA 2. Describe the PK of phenytoin and elimination profile and how it affects toxicity 3. S/e of phenytoin + common features of acute overdose 4. Rationale for using Loading dose 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 125.3 | Phenytoin 1. MOA 2. Describe the PK of phenytoin and elimination profile and how it affects toxicity 3. S/e of phenytoin + common features of acute overdose [...] 4. Rationale for using Loading dose |
Phenytoin 1. MOA 2. Describe the PK of phenytoin and elimination profile and how it affects toxicity 3. S/e of phenytoin + common features of acute overdose 4. Rationale for using Loading dose 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 125.4 | Phenytoin 1. MOA 2. Describe the PK of phenytoin and elimination profile and how it affects toxicity 3. S/e of phenytoin + common features of acute overdose 4. Rationale for using Loading dose [...] |
Phenytoin 1. MOA 2. Describe the PK of phenytoin and elimination profile and how it affects toxicity 3. S/e of phenytoin + common features of acute overdose 4. Rationale for using Loading dose 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 126.1 | Meningitis 1. What are the different types? [...] 2. What are the common organisms in bacterial? listed for each age groups 3. What are the complications? 4. CSF findings of bacterial vs viral? |
Meningitis 1. What are the different types? 2. What are the common organisms in bacterial? listed for each age groups 3. What are the complications? 4. CSF findings of bacterial vs viral? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 126.2 | Meningitis 1. What are the different types? 2. What are the common organisms in bacterial? listed for each age groups [...] 3. What are the complications? 4. CSF findings of bacterial vs viral? |
Meningitis 1. What are the different types? 2. What are the common organisms in bacterial? listed for each age groups 3. What are the complications? 4. CSF findings of bacterial vs viral? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 126.3 | Meningitis 1. What are the different types? 2. What are the common organisms in bacterial? listed for each age groups 3. What are the complications? [...] 4. CSF findings of bacterial vs viral? |
Meningitis 1. What are the different types? 2. What are the common organisms in bacterial? listed for each age groups 3. What are the complications? 4. CSF findings of bacterial vs viral? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 126.4 | Meningitis 1. What are the different types? 2. What are the common organisms in bacterial? listed for each age groups 3. What are the complications? 4. CSF findings of bacterial vs viral? [...] |
Meningitis 1. What are the different types? 2. What are the common organisms in bacterial? listed for each age groups 3. What are the complications? 4. CSF findings of bacterial vs viral? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 127.1 | Type 4 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis? [...] 2. What tissue changes occur? 3. Give examples 4. Describe the tuberculin reaction |
Type 4 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis? 2. What tissue changes occur? 3. Give examples 4. Describe the tuberculin reaction 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 127.2 | Type 4 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis? 2. What tissue changes occur? [...] 3. Give examples 4. Describe the tuberculin reaction |
Type 4 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis? 2. What tissue changes occur? 3. Give examples 4. Describe the tuberculin reaction 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 127.3 | Type 4 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis? 2. What tissue changes occur? 3. Give examples [...] 4. Describe the tuberculin reaction |
Type 4 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis? 2. What tissue changes occur? 3. Give examples 4. Describe the tuberculin reaction 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 127.4 | Type 4 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis? 2. What tissue changes occur? 3. Give examples 4. Describe the tuberculin reaction [...] |
Type 4 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis? 2. What tissue changes occur? 3. Give examples 4. Describe the tuberculin reaction 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 128.1 | Type 3 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis [...] 2. List some examples of diseases 3. What sx may patients present with? 4. What chemical mediators contribute to immune complex mediated tissue injury? |
Type 3 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis 2. List some examples of diseases 3. What sx may patients present with? 4. What chemical mediators contribute to immune complex mediated tissue injury? 1.  2&3.  4.  |
| 128.2 | Type 3 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis 2. List some examples of diseases [...] 3. What sx may patients present with? 4. What chemical mediators contribute to immune complex mediated tissue injury? |
Type 3 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis 2. List some examples of diseases 3. What sx may patients present with? 4. What chemical mediators contribute to immune complex mediated tissue injury? 1. 2&3. 4. |
| 128.3 | Type 3 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis 2. List some examples of diseases 3. What sx may patients present with? [...] 4. What chemical mediators contribute to immune complex mediated tissue injury? |
Type 3 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis 2. List some examples of diseases 3. What sx may patients present with? 4. What chemical mediators contribute to immune complex mediated tissue injury? 1. 2&3. 4. |
| 128.4 | Type 3 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis 2. List some examples of diseases 3. What sx may patients present with? 4. What chemical mediators contribute to immune complex mediated tissue injury? [...] |
Type 3 Hypersensitivity 1. What is the pathogenesis 2. List some examples of diseases 3. What sx may patients present with? 4. What chemical mediators contribute to immune complex mediated tissue injury? 1. 2&3. 4. |
| 129.1 | Type 1 Hypersensitivity 1. Outline the sequence of events in Type 1 hypersensitivity [...] 2. What are the pathological changes that occur at cellular level 3. What are the organ efects of an anaphylactic response? 4. Describe the two phases that occur |
Type 1 Hypersensitivity 1. Outline the sequence of events in Type 1 hypersensitivity 2. What are the pathological changes that occur at cellular level 3. What are the organ efects of an anaphylactic response? 4. Describe the two phases that occur 1.  2.  3.  4.   |
| 129.2 | Type 1 Hypersensitivity 1. Outline the sequence of events in Type 1 hypersensitivity 2. What are the pathological changes that occur at cellular level [...] 3. What are the organ efects of an anaphylactic response? 4. Describe the two phases that occur |
Type 1 Hypersensitivity 1. Outline the sequence of events in Type 1 hypersensitivity 2. What are the pathological changes that occur at cellular level 3. What are the organ efects of an anaphylactic response? 4. Describe the two phases that occur 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 129.3 | Type 1 Hypersensitivity 1. Outline the sequence of events in Type 1 hypersensitivity 2. What are the pathological changes that occur at cellular level 3. What are the organ efects of an anaphylactic response? [...] 4. Describe the two phases that occur |
Type 1 Hypersensitivity 1. Outline the sequence of events in Type 1 hypersensitivity 2. What are the pathological changes that occur at cellular level 3. What are the organ efects of an anaphylactic response? 4. Describe the two phases that occur 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 129.4 | Type 1 Hypersensitivity 1. Outline the sequence of events in Type 1 hypersensitivity 2. What are the pathological changes that occur at cellular level 3. What are the organ efects of an anaphylactic response? 4. Describe the two phases that occur [...] |
Type 1 Hypersensitivity 1. Outline the sequence of events in Type 1 hypersensitivity 2. What are the pathological changes that occur at cellular level 3. What are the organ efects of an anaphylactic response? 4. Describe the two phases that occur 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 130.1 | 1. Baroreceptors - definition and location [...] 2. Describe MOA of baroreceptors 3. Describe the response of baroreceptors 4. what is the Set point |
1. Baroreceptors - definition and location 2. Describe MOA of baroreceptors 3. Describe the response of baroreceptors 4. what is the Set point 1.   2.    3.  4.  |
| 130.2 | 1. Baroreceptors - definition and location 2. Describe MOA of baroreceptors [...] 3. Describe the response of baroreceptors 4. what is the Set point |
1. Baroreceptors - definition and location 2. Describe MOA of baroreceptors 3. Describe the response of baroreceptors 4. what is the Set point 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 130.3 | 1. Baroreceptors - definition and location 2. Describe MOA of baroreceptors 3. Describe the response of baroreceptors [...] 4. what is the Set point |
1. Baroreceptors - definition and location 2. Describe MOA of baroreceptors 3. Describe the response of baroreceptors 4. what is the Set point 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 130.4 | 1. Baroreceptors - definition and location 2. Describe MOA of baroreceptors 3. Describe the response of baroreceptors 4. what is the Set point [...] |
1. Baroreceptors - definition and location 2. Describe MOA of baroreceptors 3. Describe the response of baroreceptors 4. what is the Set point 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 131.1 | 1. what is peudomembranous colitis [...] 2. RFs for the above 3. clinical features of the above 4. pathogenesis |
1. what is peudomembranous colitis 2. RFs for the above 3. clinical features of the above 4. pathogenesis   |
| 131.2 | 1. what is peudomembranous colitis 2. RFs for the above [...] 3. clinical features of the above 4. pathogenesis |
1. what is peudomembranous colitis 2. RFs for the above 3. clinical features of the above 4. pathogenesis |
| 131.3 | 1. what is peudomembranous colitis 2. RFs for the above 3. clinical features of the above [...] 4. pathogenesis |
1. what is peudomembranous colitis 2. RFs for the above 3. clinical features of the above 4. pathogenesis |
| 131.4 | 1. what is peudomembranous colitis 2. RFs for the above 3. clinical features of the above 4. pathogenesis [...] |
1. what is peudomembranous colitis 2. RFs for the above 3. clinical features of the above 4. pathogenesis |
| 132.1 | 1. which bacterial class does e.coli beong to? [...] 2. diff between an endotoxin and an exotoxin? 3. common types of infectious caused by E.coli? 4. types of e.coli enteritis and describe their features? |
1. which bacterial class does e.coli beong to? 2. diff between an endotoxin and an exotoxin? 3. common types of infectious caused by E.coli? 4. types of e.coli enteritis and describe their features? 1. gram -ve rod facultative anaerobe normal GI pathogen 2.  3.  (need 3)4.  |
| 132.2 | 1. which bacterial class does e.coli beong to? 2. diff between an endotoxin and an exotoxin? [...] 3. common types of infectious caused by E.coli? 4. types of e.coli enteritis and describe their features? |
1. which bacterial class does e.coli beong to? 2. diff between an endotoxin and an exotoxin? 3. common types of infectious caused by E.coli? 4. types of e.coli enteritis and describe their features? 1. gram -ve rod facultative anaerobe normal GI pathogen 2. 3. (need 3)4. |
| 132.3 | 1. which bacterial class does e.coli beong to? 2. diff between an endotoxin and an exotoxin? 3. common types of infectious caused by E.coli? [...] 4. types of e.coli enteritis and describe their features? |
1. which bacterial class does e.coli beong to? 2. diff between an endotoxin and an exotoxin? 3. common types of infectious caused by E.coli? 4. types of e.coli enteritis and describe their features? 1. gram -ve rod facultative anaerobe normal GI pathogen 2. 3. (need 3)4. |
| 132.4 | 1. which bacterial class does e.coli beong to? 2. diff between an endotoxin and an exotoxin? 3. common types of infectious caused by E.coli? 4. types of e.coli enteritis and describe their features? [...] |
1. which bacterial class does e.coli beong to? 2. diff between an endotoxin and an exotoxin? 3. common types of infectious caused by E.coli? 4. types of e.coli enteritis and describe their features? 1. gram -ve rod facultative anaerobe normal GI pathogen 2. 3. (need 3)4. |
| 133.1 | 1. What are the infectious causes of gastro with examples [...] 2. what are non-infectious causes of enterocolitis 3. describbe the classification of major categories of diarrhea 4. MOA of bacterial causes of gastro |
1. What are the infectious causes of gastro with examples 2. what are non-infectious causes of enterocolitis 3. describbe the classification of major categories of diarrhea 4. MOA of bacterial causes of gastro  4.  |
| 133.2 | 1. What are the infectious causes of gastro with examples 2. what are non-infectious causes of enterocolitis [...] 3. describbe the classification of major categories of diarrhea 4. MOA of bacterial causes of gastro |
1. What are the infectious causes of gastro with examples 2. what are non-infectious causes of enterocolitis 3. describbe the classification of major categories of diarrhea 4. MOA of bacterial causes of gastro 4. |
| 133.3 | 1. What are the infectious causes of gastro with examples 2. what are non-infectious causes of enterocolitis 3. describbe the classification of major categories of diarrhea [...] 4. MOA of bacterial causes of gastro |
1. What are the infectious causes of gastro with examples 2. what are non-infectious causes of enterocolitis 3. describbe the classification of major categories of diarrhea 4. MOA of bacterial causes of gastro 4. |
| 133.4 | 1. What are the infectious causes of gastro with examples 2. what are non-infectious causes of enterocolitis 3. describbe the classification of major categories of diarrhea 4. MOA of bacterial causes of gastro [...] |
1. What are the infectious causes of gastro with examples 2. what are non-infectious causes of enterocolitis 3. describbe the classification of major categories of diarrhea 4. MOA of bacterial causes of gastro 4. |
| 134.1 | Shock 1. Definition [...] 2. Types and examples 3. Stages of shock 4. clinical presentation of shock |
Shock 1. Definition 2. Types and examples 3. Stages of shock 4. clinical presentation of shock    |
| 134.2 | Shock 1. Definition 2. Types and examples [...] 3. Stages of shock 4. clinical presentation of shock |
Shock 1. Definition 2. Types and examples 3. Stages of shock 4. clinical presentation of shock |
| 134.3 | Shock 1. Definition 2. Types and examples 3. Stages of shock [...] 4. clinical presentation of shock |
Shock 1. Definition 2. Types and examples 3. Stages of shock 4. clinical presentation of shock |
| 134.4 | Shock 1. Definition 2. Types and examples 3. Stages of shock 4. clinical presentation of shock [...] |
Shock 1. Definition 2. Types and examples 3. Stages of shock 4. clinical presentation of shock |
| 135.1 | Resp physio 1. Lung volumes [...] -> which can be measured in ED [...] 2. Dead space - physiological vs anatomical 3. why is the volume of physiological dead space important? 4. how can TLC and RV be measured? |
Resp physio 1. Lung volumes -> which can be measured in ED TV, FEV1, FVC 2. Dead space - physiological vs anatomical 3. why is the volume of physiological dead space important? 4. how can TLC and RV be measured? 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 135.2 | Resp physio 1. Lung volumes -> which can be measured in ED TV, FEV1, FVC 2. Dead space - physiological vs anatomical [...] 3. why is the volume of physiological dead space important? 4. how can TLC and RV be measured? |
Resp physio 1. Lung volumes -> which can be measured in ED TV, FEV1, FVC 2. Dead space - physiological vs anatomical 3. why is the volume of physiological dead space important? 4. how can TLC and RV be measured? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 135.3 | Resp physio 1. Lung volumes -> which can be measured in ED TV, FEV1, FVC 2. Dead space - physiological vs anatomical 3. why is the volume of physiological dead space important? [...] 4. how can TLC and RV be measured? |
Resp physio 1. Lung volumes -> which can be measured in ED TV, FEV1, FVC 2. Dead space - physiological vs anatomical 3. why is the volume of physiological dead space important? 4. how can TLC and RV be measured? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 135.4 | Resp physio 1. Lung volumes -> which can be measured in ED TV, FEV1, FVC 2. Dead space - physiological vs anatomical 3. why is the volume of physiological dead space important? 4. how can TLC and RV be measured? [...] |
Resp physio 1. Lung volumes -> which can be measured in ED TV, FEV1, FVC 2. Dead space - physiological vs anatomical 3. why is the volume of physiological dead space important? 4. how can TLC and RV be measured? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 136.1 | Acute inflammation 1. describe reactions of blood vessels in acute inflam [...] 2. describe chemotaxis in acute inflam 3.describe different possible outcomes of acute inflam 4. what are the mechanisms responsible for increased vascular permeability |
Acute inflammation 1. describe reactions of blood vessels in acute inflam 2. describe chemotaxis in acute inflam 3.describe different possible outcomes of acute inflam 4. what are the mechanisms responsible for increased vascular permeability 1.  2.  3.  4.  |
| 136.2 | Acute inflammation 1. describe reactions of blood vessels in acute inflam 2. describe chemotaxis in acute inflam [...] 3.describe different possible outcomes of acute inflam 4. what are the mechanisms responsible for increased vascular permeability |
Acute inflammation 1. describe reactions of blood vessels in acute inflam 2. describe chemotaxis in acute inflam 3.describe different possible outcomes of acute inflam 4. what are the mechanisms responsible for increased vascular permeability 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 136.3 | Acute inflammation 1. describe reactions of blood vessels in acute inflam 2. describe chemotaxis in acute inflam 3.describe different possible outcomes of acute inflam [...] 4. what are the mechanisms responsible for increased vascular permeability |
Acute inflammation 1. describe reactions of blood vessels in acute inflam 2. describe chemotaxis in acute inflam 3.describe different possible outcomes of acute inflam 4. what are the mechanisms responsible for increased vascular permeability 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 136.4 | Acute inflammation 1. describe reactions of blood vessels in acute inflam 2. describe chemotaxis in acute inflam 3.describe different possible outcomes of acute inflam 4. what are the mechanisms responsible for increased vascular permeability [...] |
Acute inflammation 1. describe reactions of blood vessels in acute inflam 2. describe chemotaxis in acute inflam 3.describe different possible outcomes of acute inflam 4. what are the mechanisms responsible for increased vascular permeability 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 137.1 | Diaphgram 1. What are the different parts? [...] 2. What are their attachments? 3. What is the nerve supply? |
Diaphgram 1. What are the different parts? 2. What are their attachments? 3. What is the nerve supply? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 137.2 | Diaphgram 1. What are the different parts? 2. What are their attachments? [...] 3. What is the nerve supply? |
Diaphgram 1. What are the different parts? 2. What are their attachments? 3. What is the nerve supply? 1. 2. 3. |
| 137.3 | Diaphgram 1. What are the different parts? 2. What are their attachments? 3. What is the nerve supply? [...] |
Diaphgram 1. What are the different parts? 2. What are their attachments? 3. What is the nerve supply? 1. 2. 3. |
| 138.1 | 1. Outline the structure that make up the right and left cardiomediastinal borders on this xray? [...] 2. Describe the lobes of the lungs and their fissures? 3. Which part of the lung forms the right heart border?  |
1. Outline the structure that make up the right and left cardiomediastinal borders on this xray? 2. Describe the lobes of the lungs and their fissures? 3. Which part of the lung forms the right heart border? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 138.2 | 1. Outline the structure that make up the right and left cardiomediastinal borders on this xray? 2. Describe the lobes of the lungs and their fissures? [...] 3. Which part of the lung forms the right heart border? |
1. Outline the structure that make up the right and left cardiomediastinal borders on this xray? 2. Describe the lobes of the lungs and their fissures? 3. Which part of the lung forms the right heart border? 1. 2. 3. |
| 138.3 | 1. Outline the structure that make up the right and left cardiomediastinal borders on this xray? 2. Describe the lobes of the lungs and their fissures? 3. Which part of the lung forms the right heart border? [...] |
1. Outline the structure that make up the right and left cardiomediastinal borders on this xray? 2. Describe the lobes of the lungs and their fissures? 3. Which part of the lung forms the right heart border? 1. 2. 3. |
| 139.1 | Thoracic verebra 1. What movements possible? [...] 2. What ligaments responsible for stability of spine? 3. What bony features? |
Thoracic verebra 1. What movements possible? 2. What ligaments responsible for stability of spine? 3. What bony features? 1.  2.  3.   |
| 139.2 | Thoracic verebra 1. What movements possible? 2. What ligaments responsible for stability of spine? [...] 3. What bony features? |
Thoracic verebra 1. What movements possible? 2. What ligaments responsible for stability of spine? 3. What bony features? 1. 2. 3. |
| 139.3 | Thoracic verebra 1. What movements possible? 2. What ligaments responsible for stability of spine? 3. What bony features? [...] |
Thoracic verebra 1. What movements possible? 2. What ligaments responsible for stability of spine? 3. What bony features? 1. 2. 3. |
| 140.1 | Cardiac output 1. Factors that determine it? [...] 2. Draw a graph to show the FrankStarling Law as it relates to the cardiac muscles? 3. What shifts the curve? |
Cardiac output 1. Factors that determine it? 2. Draw a graph to show the FrankStarling Law as it relates to the cardiac muscles? 3. What shifts the curve? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 140.2 | Cardiac output 1. Factors that determine it? 2. Draw a graph to show the FrankStarling Law as it relates to the cardiac muscles? [...] 3. What shifts the curve? |
Cardiac output 1. Factors that determine it? 2. Draw a graph to show the FrankStarling Law as it relates to the cardiac muscles? 3. What shifts the curve? 1. 2. 3. |
| 140.3 | Cardiac output 1. Factors that determine it? 2. Draw a graph to show the FrankStarling Law as it relates to the cardiac muscles? 3. What shifts the curve? [...] |
Cardiac output 1. Factors that determine it? 2. Draw a graph to show the FrankStarling Law as it relates to the cardiac muscles? 3. What shifts the curve? 1. 2. 3. |
| 141.1 | Renal failure 1. What are the major physiological features of acute intrinsic renal failure? [...] 2. What are the common findings in urinalysis of acute intrinsic renal failure? 3. What are urinary casts? |
Renal failure 1. What are the major physiological features of acute intrinsic renal failure? 2. What are the common findings in urinalysis of acute intrinsic renal failure? 3. What are urinary casts? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 141.2 | Renal failure 1. What are the major physiological features of acute intrinsic renal failure? 2. What are the common findings in urinalysis of acute intrinsic renal failure? [...] 3. What are urinary casts? |
Renal failure 1. What are the major physiological features of acute intrinsic renal failure? 2. What are the common findings in urinalysis of acute intrinsic renal failure? 3. What are urinary casts? 1. 2. 3. |
| 141.3 | Renal failure 1. What are the major physiological features of acute intrinsic renal failure? 2. What are the common findings in urinalysis of acute intrinsic renal failure? 3. What are urinary casts? [...] |
Renal failure 1. What are the major physiological features of acute intrinsic renal failure? 2. What are the common findings in urinalysis of acute intrinsic renal failure? 3. What are urinary casts? 1. 2. 3. |
| 142.1 | Vasopressin 1. How does it act on the kidney and where it is released? [...] 2. Factors that increase/decrease it? 3. What hormonal changes occur after drining large amounts of water? |
Vasopressin 1. How does it act on the kidney and where it is released? 2. Factors that increase/decrease it? 3. What hormonal changes occur after drining large amounts of water? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 142.2 | Vasopressin 1. How does it act on the kidney and where it is released? 2. Factors that increase/decrease it? [...] 3. What hormonal changes occur after drining large amounts of water? |
Vasopressin 1. How does it act on the kidney and where it is released? 2. Factors that increase/decrease it? 3. What hormonal changes occur after drining large amounts of water? 1. 2. 3. |
| 142.3 | Vasopressin 1. How does it act on the kidney and where it is released? 2. Factors that increase/decrease it? 3. What hormonal changes occur after drining large amounts of water? [...] |
Vasopressin 1. How does it act on the kidney and where it is released? 2. Factors that increase/decrease it? 3. What hormonal changes occur after drining large amounts of water? 1. 2. 3. |
| 143.1 | Mictruition 1. Describe neural pathways involved? [...] 2. Describe muscles involved? 3. What prevents the vesico-urteric reflux? |
Mictruition 1. Describe neural pathways involved? 2. Describe muscles involved? 3. What prevents the vesico-urteric reflux? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 143.2 | Mictruition 1. Describe neural pathways involved? 2. Describe muscles involved? [...] 3. What prevents the vesico-urteric reflux? |
Mictruition 1. Describe neural pathways involved? 2. Describe muscles involved? 3. What prevents the vesico-urteric reflux? 1. 2. 3. |
| 143.3 | Mictruition 1. Describe neural pathways involved? 2. Describe muscles involved? 3. What prevents the vesico-urteric reflux? [...] |
Mictruition 1. Describe neural pathways involved? 2. Describe muscles involved? 3. What prevents the vesico-urteric reflux? 1. 2. 3. |
| 144.1 | RMP 1. Definition? [...] 2. How is it created? 3. What conditions are required? |
RMP 1. Definition? 2. How is it created? 3. What conditions are required? 1.  2.  3.   |
| 144.2 | RMP 1. Definition? 2. How is it created? [...] 3. What conditions are required? |
RMP 1. Definition? 2. How is it created? 3. What conditions are required? 1. 2. 3. |
| 144.3 | RMP 1. Definition? 2. How is it created? 3. What conditions are required? [...] |
RMP 1. Definition? 2. How is it created? 3. What conditions are required? 1. 2. 3. |
| 145.1 | Nystagmus 1. What is it? [...] 2. Why? 3. How is it mediated? |
Nystagmus 1. What is it? 2. Why? 3. How is it mediated? 1.  2. 3.  |
| 145.2 | Nystagmus 1. What is it? 2. Why? [...] 3. How is it mediated? |
Nystagmus 1. What is it? 2. Why? 3. How is it mediated? 1. 2. 3. |
| 145.3 | Nystagmus 1. What is it? 2. Why? 3. How is it mediated? [...] |
Nystagmus 1. What is it? 2. Why? 3. How is it mediated? 1. 2. 3. |
| 146.1 | Fe absorption 1. How is it absorbed from the GIT? [...] 2. What factors reduce Iron absorption? 3. How is iron trnasported in the plasma? |
Fe absorption 1. How is it absorbed from the GIT? 2. What factors reduce Iron absorption? 3. How is iron trnasported in the plasma? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 146.2 | Fe absorption 1. How is it absorbed from the GIT? 2. What factors reduce Iron absorption? [...] 3. How is iron trnasported in the plasma? |
Fe absorption 1. How is it absorbed from the GIT? 2. What factors reduce Iron absorption? 3. How is iron trnasported in the plasma? 1. 2. 3. |
| 146.3 | Fe absorption 1. How is it absorbed from the GIT? 2. What factors reduce Iron absorption? 3. How is iron trnasported in the plasma? [...] |
Fe absorption 1. How is it absorbed from the GIT? 2. What factors reduce Iron absorption? 3. How is iron trnasported in the plasma? 1. 2. 3. |
| 147.1 | Intercellular communication 1. Ways the communicate with each other? [...] 2. How do receptors respond to variations in messengers? 3. How do messengers act? |
Intercellular communication 1. Ways the communicate with each other? 2. How do receptors respond to variations in messengers? 3. How do messengers act? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 147.2 | Intercellular communication 1. Ways the communicate with each other? 2. How do receptors respond to variations in messengers? [...] 3. How do messengers act? |
Intercellular communication 1. Ways the communicate with each other? 2. How do receptors respond to variations in messengers? 3. How do messengers act? 1. 2. 3. |
| 147.3 | Intercellular communication 1. Ways the communicate with each other? 2. How do receptors respond to variations in messengers? 3. How do messengers act? [...] |
Intercellular communication 1. Ways the communicate with each other? 2. How do receptors respond to variations in messengers? 3. How do messengers act? 1. 2. 3. |
| 148.1 | Immunoglobulins 1. What are the types of immunoglobulins and what is the clinical significance of each? [...] 2. Draw a Ig molecule and label its parts? 3. What are the features of innate and acquired immunity? |
Immunoglobulins 1. What are the types of immunoglobulins and what is the clinical significance of each? 2. Draw a Ig molecule and label its parts? 3. What are the features of innate and acquired immunity? 1.  2.   3.   |
| 148.2 | Immunoglobulins 1. What are the types of immunoglobulins and what is the clinical significance of each? 2. Draw a Ig molecule and label its parts? [...] 3. What are the features of innate and acquired immunity? |
Immunoglobulins 1. What are the types of immunoglobulins and what is the clinical significance of each? 2. Draw a Ig molecule and label its parts? 3. What are the features of innate and acquired immunity? 1. 2. 3. |
| 148.3 | Immunoglobulins 1. What are the types of immunoglobulins and what is the clinical significance of each? 2. Draw a Ig molecule and label its parts? 3. What are the features of innate and acquired immunity? [...] |
Immunoglobulins 1. What are the types of immunoglobulins and what is the clinical significance of each? 2. Draw a Ig molecule and label its parts? 3. What are the features of innate and acquired immunity? 1. 2. 3. |
| 149.1 | 1. Which bones make up the orbital rim? [...] 2. Describe the course of the infa-orbital nerve? 3. What does it supply? |
1. Which bones make up the orbital rim? 2. Describe the course of the infa-orbital nerve? 3. What does it supply? 1.     2.   into orbit via fissure traversing grove emerging via infraorbital foramen  3.  |
| 149.2 | 1. Which bones make up the orbital rim? 2. Describe the course of the infa-orbital nerve? [...] 3. What does it supply? |
1. Which bones make up the orbital rim? 2. Describe the course of the infa-orbital nerve? 3. What does it supply? 1. 2. into orbit via fissure traversing grove emerging via infraorbital foramen 3. |
| 149.3 | 1. Which bones make up the orbital rim? 2. Describe the course of the infa-orbital nerve? 3. What does it supply? [...] |
1. Which bones make up the orbital rim? 2. Describe the course of the infa-orbital nerve? 3. What does it supply? 1. 2. into orbit via fissure traversing grove emerging via infraorbital foramen 3. |
| 150.1 | Morphine 1. MOA? [...] 2. How is metabolised? 3. Why does it cause respiratory depression? |
Morphine 1. MOA? 2. How is metabolised? 3. Why does it cause respiratory depression? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 150.2 | Morphine 1. MOA? 2. How is metabolised? [...] 3. Why does it cause respiratory depression? |
Morphine 1. MOA? 2. How is metabolised? 3. Why does it cause respiratory depression? 1. 2. 3. |
| 150.3 | Morphine 1. MOA? 2. How is metabolised? 3. Why does it cause respiratory depression? [...] |
Morphine 1. MOA? 2. How is metabolised? 3. Why does it cause respiratory depression? 1. 2. 3. |
| 151.1 | Fentanyl 1. MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? |
Fentanyl 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 1.  2.   3.  |
| 151.2 | Fentanyl 1. MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. Adverse effects? |
Fentanyl 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 1. 2. 3. |
| 151.3 | Fentanyl 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? [...] |
Fentanyl 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? 1. 2. 3. |
| 152.1 | Carbimazole 1. How does it act in thyroid disease? [...] 2. Major s/e? 3. Carbimazole vs PTU? |
Carbimazole 1. How does it act in thyroid disease? 2. Major s/e? 3. Carbimazole vs PTU? 1.  2. 3.  P for pregnancy, protein bound, peripheral action, puny half life C is a prodrug fuck |
| 152.2 | Carbimazole 1. How does it act in thyroid disease? 2. Major s/e? [...] 3. Carbimazole vs PTU? |
Carbimazole 1. How does it act in thyroid disease? 2. Major s/e? 3. Carbimazole vs PTU? 1. 2. 3. P for pregnancy, protein bound, peripheral action, puny half life C is a prodrug fuck |
| 152.3 | Carbimazole 1. How does it act in thyroid disease? 2. Major s/e? 3. Carbimazole vs PTU? [...] |
Carbimazole 1. How does it act in thyroid disease? 2. Major s/e? 3. Carbimazole vs PTU? 1. 2. 3. P for pregnancy, protein bound, peripheral action, puny half life C is a prodrug fuck |
| 153.1 | Sulphonylureas 1. MOA? [...] 2. S/e? 3. Pk (Metabolism+excretion and t1/2)? |
Sulphonylureas 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Pk (Metabolism+excretion and t1/2)? 1.  long term use also leads to reduced serum glucagon levels ?related to release of insulin and somatostatin 2.   3.   |
| 153.2 | Sulphonylureas 1. MOA? 2. S/e? [...] 3. Pk (Metabolism+excretion and t1/2)? |
Sulphonylureas 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Pk (Metabolism+excretion and t1/2)? 1. long term use also leads to reduced serum glucagon levels ?related to release of insulin and somatostatin 2. 3. |
| 153.3 | Sulphonylureas 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Pk (Metabolism+excretion and t1/2)? [...] |
Sulphonylureas 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Pk (Metabolism+excretion and t1/2)? 1. long term use also leads to reduced serum glucagon levels ?related to release of insulin and somatostatin 2. 3. |
| 154.1 | Metformin 1. MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. S/e? |
Metformin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 154.2 | Metformin 1. MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. S/e? |
Metformin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? 1. 2. 3. |
| 154.3 | Metformin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? [...] |
Metformin 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. S/e? 1. 2. 3. |
| 155.1 | 1. How is it possible for a drug to have a VD of 2500L in an adult? [...] 2. Give an example of a drug with a high VD and a low VD? 3. What factors affect Vd? |
1. How is it possible for a drug to have a VD of 2500L in an adult? 2. Give an example of a drug with a high VD and a low VD? 3. What factors affect Vd? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 155.2 | 1. How is it possible for a drug to have a VD of 2500L in an adult? 2. Give an example of a drug with a high VD and a low VD? [...] 3. What factors affect Vd? |
1. How is it possible for a drug to have a VD of 2500L in an adult? 2. Give an example of a drug with a high VD and a low VD? 3. What factors affect Vd? 1. 2. 3. |
| 155.3 | 1. How is it possible for a drug to have a VD of 2500L in an adult? 2. Give an example of a drug with a high VD and a low VD? 3. What factors affect Vd? [...] |
1. How is it possible for a drug to have a VD of 2500L in an adult? 2. Give an example of a drug with a high VD and a low VD? 3. What factors affect Vd? 1. 2. 3. |
| 156.1 | 1. What is drug biotransformation? [...] 2. Describe phase 1 and phase 2 reactions? 3. How is sux metabolised? |
1. What is drug biotransformation? 2. Describe phase 1 and phase 2 reactions? 3. How is sux metabolised? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 156.2 | 1. What is drug biotransformation? 2. Describe phase 1 and phase 2 reactions? [...] 3. How is sux metabolised? |
1. What is drug biotransformation? 2. Describe phase 1 and phase 2 reactions? 3. How is sux metabolised? 1. 2. 3. |
| 156.3 | 1. What is drug biotransformation? 2. Describe phase 1 and phase 2 reactions? 3. How is sux metabolised? [...] |
1. What is drug biotransformation? 2. Describe phase 1 and phase 2 reactions? 3. How is sux metabolised? 1. 2. 3. |
| 157.1 | 1. What is the role of CYP450 in drug metabolism? [...] 2. What are the effects on the drug? 3. List basic mechanisms by which CYP450 enzymes are induced? |
1. What is the role of CYP450 in drug metabolism? 2. What are the effects on the drug? 3. List basic mechanisms by which CYP450 enzymes are induced? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 157.2 | 1. What is the role of CYP450 in drug metabolism? 2. What are the effects on the drug? [...] 3. List basic mechanisms by which CYP450 enzymes are induced? |
1. What is the role of CYP450 in drug metabolism? 2. What are the effects on the drug? 3. List basic mechanisms by which CYP450 enzymes are induced? 1. 2. 3. |
| 157.3 | 1. What is the role of CYP450 in drug metabolism? 2. What are the effects on the drug? 3. List basic mechanisms by which CYP450 enzymes are induced? [...] |
1. What is the role of CYP450 in drug metabolism? 2. What are the effects on the drug? 3. List basic mechanisms by which CYP450 enzymes are induced? 1. 2. 3. |
| 158.1 | Drug clerance 1. What is it? [...] 2. What factors affect clearance? 3. What is the difference between capacity limited and flow dependent drug elimination? |
Drug clerance 1. What is it? 2. What factors affect clearance? 3. What is the difference between capacity limited and flow dependent drug elimination? 1.  2.  3.  CS0 |
| 158.2 | Drug clerance 1. What is it? 2. What factors affect clearance? [...] 3. What is the difference between capacity limited and flow dependent drug elimination? |
Drug clerance 1. What is it? 2. What factors affect clearance? 3. What is the difference between capacity limited and flow dependent drug elimination? 1. 2. 3. CS0 |
| 158.3 | Drug clerance 1. What is it? 2. What factors affect clearance? 3. What is the difference between capacity limited and flow dependent drug elimination? [...] |
Drug clerance 1. What is it? 2. What factors affect clearance? 3. What is the difference between capacity limited and flow dependent drug elimination? 1. 2. 3. CS0 |
| 159.1 | 1. What is first pass metabolism? [...] 2. How can you increase bioavailability? 3. What factors affect the rate of drug absorption from the small intestine? |
1. What is first pass metabolism? 2. How can you increase bioavailability? 3. What factors affect the rate of drug absorption from the small intestine? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 159.2 | 1. What is first pass metabolism? 2. How can you increase bioavailability? [...] 3. What factors affect the rate of drug absorption from the small intestine? |
1. What is first pass metabolism? 2. How can you increase bioavailability? 3. What factors affect the rate of drug absorption from the small intestine? 1. 2. 3. |
| 159.3 | 1. What is first pass metabolism? 2. How can you increase bioavailability? 3. What factors affect the rate of drug absorption from the small intestine? [...] |
1. What is first pass metabolism? 2. How can you increase bioavailability? 3. What factors affect the rate of drug absorption from the small intestine? 1. 2. 3. |
| 160.1 | Absorption 1. What variables influence the extent and rate which a drug is absorbed? [...] 2. Explain why aspirin absorption is enhanced by the low pH in the stomach? 3. How does ionisation of a drug affect its solubility? |
Absorption 1. What variables influence the extent and rate which a drug is absorbed? 2. Explain why aspirin absorption is enhanced by the low pH in the stomach? 3. How does ionisation of a drug affect its solubility? 1.  2.  3.  UL IW |
| 160.2 | Absorption 1. What variables influence the extent and rate which a drug is absorbed? 2. Explain why aspirin absorption is enhanced by the low pH in the stomach? [...] 3. How does ionisation of a drug affect its solubility? |
Absorption 1. What variables influence the extent and rate which a drug is absorbed? 2. Explain why aspirin absorption is enhanced by the low pH in the stomach? 3. How does ionisation of a drug affect its solubility? 1. 2. 3. UL IW |
| 160.3 | Absorption 1. What variables influence the extent and rate which a drug is absorbed? 2. Explain why aspirin absorption is enhanced by the low pH in the stomach? 3. How does ionisation of a drug affect its solubility? [...] |
Absorption 1. What variables influence the extent and rate which a drug is absorbed? 2. Explain why aspirin absorption is enhanced by the low pH in the stomach? 3. How does ionisation of a drug affect its solubility? 1. 2. 3. UL IW |
| 161.1 | Haemophilia A and B 1. Definition + inheritence? [...] 2. Screening test abnoramlity? 3. Clinical features and treatment? |
Haemophilia A and B 1. Definition + inheritence? 2. Screening test abnoramlity? 3. Clinical features and treatment?  |
| 161.2 | Haemophilia A and B 1. Definition + inheritence? 2. Screening test abnoramlity? [...] 3. Clinical features and treatment? |
Haemophilia A and B 1. Definition + inheritence? 2. Screening test abnoramlity? 3. Clinical features and treatment? |
| 161.3 | Haemophilia A and B 1. Definition + inheritence? 2. Screening test abnoramlity? 3. Clinical features and treatment? [...] |
Haemophilia A and B 1. Definition + inheritence? 2. Screening test abnoramlity? 3. Clinical features and treatment? |
| 162.1 | EBV 1. Describe the pathogenesis of glandular fever? [...] 2. What are the clinical features of glandular fever? 3. What are the outcomes of glandular fever? |
EBV 1. Describe the pathogenesis of glandular fever? 2. What are the clinical features of glandular fever? 3. What are the outcomes of glandular fever? 1.  EBVLT 2.  3.  |
| 162.2 | EBV 1. Describe the pathogenesis of glandular fever? 2. What are the clinical features of glandular fever? [...] 3. What are the outcomes of glandular fever? |
EBV 1. Describe the pathogenesis of glandular fever? 2. What are the clinical features of glandular fever? 3. What are the outcomes of glandular fever? 1. EBVLT 2. 3. |
| 162.3 | EBV 1. Describe the pathogenesis of glandular fever? 2. What are the clinical features of glandular fever? 3. What are the outcomes of glandular fever? [...] |
EBV 1. Describe the pathogenesis of glandular fever? 2. What are the clinical features of glandular fever? 3. What are the outcomes of glandular fever? 1. EBVLT 2. 3. |
| 163.1 | Varicella Zoster 1. What are the two clinical conditions caused by this virus? [...] 2. Describe the pathogenesis and clincal course of infection with this virus? 3. What are the complications of chicken pox? |
Varicella Zoster 1. What are the two clinical conditions caused by this virus? 2. Describe the pathogenesis and clincal course of infection with this virus? 3. What are the complications of chicken pox? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 163.2 | Varicella Zoster 1. What are the two clinical conditions caused by this virus? 2. Describe the pathogenesis and clincal course of infection with this virus? [...] 3. What are the complications of chicken pox? |
Varicella Zoster 1. What are the two clinical conditions caused by this virus? 2. Describe the pathogenesis and clincal course of infection with this virus? 3. What are the complications of chicken pox? 1. 2. 3. |
| 163.3 | Varicella Zoster 1. What are the two clinical conditions caused by this virus? 2. Describe the pathogenesis and clincal course of infection with this virus? 3. What are the complications of chicken pox? [...] |
Varicella Zoster 1. What are the two clinical conditions caused by this virus? 2. Describe the pathogenesis and clincal course of infection with this virus? 3. What are the complications of chicken pox? 1. 2. 3. |
| 164.1 | Staph Aureus 1. Describe the virulence factors of staph aureus? [...] 2. What are the risk factors for Toxic Shock Syndrome? 3. What are the clinical features of TSS? |
Staph Aureus 1. Describe the virulence factors of staph aureus? 2. What are the risk factors for Toxic Shock Syndrome? 3. What are the clinical features of TSS? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 164.2 | Staph Aureus 1. Describe the virulence factors of staph aureus? 2. What are the risk factors for Toxic Shock Syndrome? [...] 3. What are the clinical features of TSS? |
Staph Aureus 1. Describe the virulence factors of staph aureus? 2. What are the risk factors for Toxic Shock Syndrome? 3. What are the clinical features of TSS? 1. 2. 3. |
| 164.3 | Staph Aureus 1. Describe the virulence factors of staph aureus? 2. What are the risk factors for Toxic Shock Syndrome? 3. What are the clinical features of TSS? [...] |
Staph Aureus 1. Describe the virulence factors of staph aureus? 2. What are the risk factors for Toxic Shock Syndrome? 3. What are the clinical features of TSS? 1. 2. 3. |
| 165.1 | Prescribing in pregnancy 1. What factors affect placental drug transfer? [...] 2. What is fetal therapeutics? 3. Give examples of drugs administered for this purpose? |
Prescribing in pregnancy 1. What factors affect placental drug transfer? 2. What is fetal therapeutics? 3. Give examples of drugs administered for this purpose? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 165.2 | Prescribing in pregnancy 1. What factors affect placental drug transfer? 2. What is fetal therapeutics? [...] 3. Give examples of drugs administered for this purpose? |
Prescribing in pregnancy 1. What factors affect placental drug transfer? 2. What is fetal therapeutics? 3. Give examples of drugs administered for this purpose? 1. 2. 3. |
| 165.3 | Prescribing in pregnancy 1. What factors affect placental drug transfer? 2. What is fetal therapeutics? 3. Give examples of drugs administered for this purpose? [...] |
Prescribing in pregnancy 1. What factors affect placental drug transfer? 2. What is fetal therapeutics? 3. Give examples of drugs administered for this purpose? 1. 2. 3. |
| 166.1 | Pre-eclampsia 1. What are the proposed pathogenesis and consequences of pre-eclampsia? [...] 2. Describe the clinical course of pre-eclampsia? 3. Describe the morphological changes in the placenta? |
Pre-eclampsia 1. What are the proposed pathogenesis and consequences of pre-eclampsia? 2. Describe the clinical course of pre-eclampsia? 3. Describe the morphological changes in the placenta? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 166.2 | Pre-eclampsia 1. What are the proposed pathogenesis and consequences of pre-eclampsia? 2. Describe the clinical course of pre-eclampsia? [...] 3. Describe the morphological changes in the placenta? |
Pre-eclampsia 1. What are the proposed pathogenesis and consequences of pre-eclampsia? 2. Describe the clinical course of pre-eclampsia? 3. Describe the morphological changes in the placenta? 1. 2. 3. |
| 166.3 | Pre-eclampsia 1. What are the proposed pathogenesis and consequences of pre-eclampsia? 2. Describe the clinical course of pre-eclampsia? 3. Describe the morphological changes in the placenta? [...] |
Pre-eclampsia 1. What are the proposed pathogenesis and consequences of pre-eclampsia? 2. Describe the clinical course of pre-eclampsia? 3. Describe the morphological changes in the placenta? 1. 2. 3. |
| 167.1 | Parkinsonism 1. Describe the clinical features? [...] 2. What are the causes? 3. Outline the pathogensis? |
Parkinsonism 1. Describe the clinical features? 2. What are the causes? 3. Outline the pathogensis? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 167.2 | Parkinsonism 1. Describe the clinical features? 2. What are the causes? [...] 3. Outline the pathogensis? |
Parkinsonism 1. Describe the clinical features? 2. What are the causes? 3. Outline the pathogensis? 1. 2. 3. |
| 167.3 | Parkinsonism 1. Describe the clinical features? 2. What are the causes? 3. Outline the pathogensis? [...] |
Parkinsonism 1. Describe the clinical features? 2. What are the causes? 3. Outline the pathogensis? 1. 2. 3. |
| 168.1 | Spinal cord injury 1. What changes occur in the spinal cord after a traumatic injury? [...] 2. What are the features of irreversible injury at the cellular level? 3. What are the acute clinical consequences of a cervical spinal cord injury? |
Spinal cord injury 1. What changes occur in the spinal cord after a traumatic injury? 2. What are the features of irreversible injury at the cellular level? 3. What are the acute clinical consequences of a cervical spinal cord injury? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 168.2 | Spinal cord injury 1. What changes occur in the spinal cord after a traumatic injury? 2. What are the features of irreversible injury at the cellular level? [...] 3. What are the acute clinical consequences of a cervical spinal cord injury? |
Spinal cord injury 1. What changes occur in the spinal cord after a traumatic injury? 2. What are the features of irreversible injury at the cellular level? 3. What are the acute clinical consequences of a cervical spinal cord injury? 1. 2. 3. |
| 168.3 | Spinal cord injury 1. What changes occur in the spinal cord after a traumatic injury? 2. What are the features of irreversible injury at the cellular level? 3. What are the acute clinical consequences of a cervical spinal cord injury? [...] |
Spinal cord injury 1. What changes occur in the spinal cord after a traumatic injury? 2. What are the features of irreversible injury at the cellular level? 3. What are the acute clinical consequences of a cervical spinal cord injury? 1. 2. 3. |
| 169.1 | Sickle cell disease 1. What is sickle cell disease? [...] 2. What are the major pathological manifestations /consequences of sickle cell disease? 3. In general how are haemolytic anaemias classified? |
Sickle cell disease 1. What is sickle cell disease? 2. What are the major pathological manifestations /consequences of sickle cell disease? 3. In general how are haemolytic anaemias classified? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 169.2 | Sickle cell disease 1. What is sickle cell disease? 2. What are the major pathological manifestations /consequences of sickle cell disease? [...] 3. In general how are haemolytic anaemias classified? |
Sickle cell disease 1. What is sickle cell disease? 2. What are the major pathological manifestations /consequences of sickle cell disease? 3. In general how are haemolytic anaemias classified? 1. 2. 3. |
| 169.3 | Sickle cell disease 1. What is sickle cell disease? 2. What are the major pathological manifestations /consequences of sickle cell disease? 3. In general how are haemolytic anaemias classified? [...] |
Sickle cell disease 1. What is sickle cell disease? 2. What are the major pathological manifestations /consequences of sickle cell disease? 3. In general how are haemolytic anaemias classified? 1. 2. 3. |
| 170.1 | Cerebral edema 1. Describe the pathological mechanisms which can cause cerebral oedema? [...] 2. What are the morphological findings of generalised cerebral oedema? 3. Describe the major herniation locations associated with raised intracranial haemorrhage? |
Cerebral edema 1. Describe the pathological mechanisms which can cause cerebral oedema? 2. What are the morphological findings of generalised cerebral oedema? 3. Describe the major herniation locations associated with raised intracranial haemorrhage? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 170.2 | Cerebral edema 1. Describe the pathological mechanisms which can cause cerebral oedema? 2. What are the morphological findings of generalised cerebral oedema? [...] 3. Describe the major herniation locations associated with raised intracranial haemorrhage? |
Cerebral edema 1. Describe the pathological mechanisms which can cause cerebral oedema? 2. What are the morphological findings of generalised cerebral oedema? 3. Describe the major herniation locations associated with raised intracranial haemorrhage? 1. 2. 3. |
| 170.3 | Cerebral edema 1. Describe the pathological mechanisms which can cause cerebral oedema? 2. What are the morphological findings of generalised cerebral oedema? 3. Describe the major herniation locations associated with raised intracranial haemorrhage? [...] |
Cerebral edema 1. Describe the pathological mechanisms which can cause cerebral oedema? 2. What are the morphological findings of generalised cerebral oedema? 3. Describe the major herniation locations associated with raised intracranial haemorrhage? 1. 2. 3. |
| 171.1 | Cerebral infarction 1. What are the causes of ischaemic cerebral infarction? [...] 2. What are some sources of cerebral thromboemboli? 3. What are the distinguishing pathological features of haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic ischaemic cerebral infarcts + Why is this important? |
Cerebral infarction 1. What are the causes of ischaemic cerebral infarction? 2. What are some sources of cerebral thromboemboli? 3. What are the distinguishing pathological features of haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic ischaemic cerebral infarcts + Why is this important? 1.  2.  3.    |
| 171.2 | Cerebral infarction 1. What are the causes of ischaemic cerebral infarction? 2. What are some sources of cerebral thromboemboli? [...] 3. What are the distinguishing pathological features of haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic ischaemic cerebral infarcts + Why is this important? |
Cerebral infarction 1. What are the causes of ischaemic cerebral infarction? 2. What are some sources of cerebral thromboemboli? 3. What are the distinguishing pathological features of haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic ischaemic cerebral infarcts + Why is this important? 1. 2. 3. |
| 171.3 | Cerebral infarction 1. What are the causes of ischaemic cerebral infarction? 2. What are some sources of cerebral thromboemboli? 3. What are the distinguishing pathological features of haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic ischaemic cerebral infarcts + Why is this important? [...] |
Cerebral infarction 1. What are the causes of ischaemic cerebral infarction? 2. What are some sources of cerebral thromboemboli? 3. What are the distinguishing pathological features of haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic ischaemic cerebral infarcts + Why is this important? 1. 2. 3. |
| 172.1 | Thermal injury 1. How are thermal burns classified? [...] 2. What are the potential complications of thermal burns? 3. How do you determine the extent of burns? |
Thermal injury 1. How are thermal burns classified? 2. What are the potential complications of thermal burns? 3. How do you determine the extent of burns? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 172.2 | Thermal injury 1. How are thermal burns classified? 2. What are the potential complications of thermal burns? [...] 3. How do you determine the extent of burns? |
Thermal injury 1. How are thermal burns classified? 2. What are the potential complications of thermal burns? 3. How do you determine the extent of burns? 1. 2. 3. |
| 172.3 | Thermal injury 1. How are thermal burns classified? 2. What are the potential complications of thermal burns? 3. How do you determine the extent of burns? [...] |
Thermal injury 1. How are thermal burns classified? 2. What are the potential complications of thermal burns? 3. How do you determine the extent of burns? 1. 2. 3. |
| 173.1 | Work of breathing 1. What factors determine the work of breathing? [...] 2. What variables affect elastic workload? 3. What variables affect viscous resistance? |
Work of breathing 1. What factors determine the work of breathing? 2. What variables affect elastic workload? 3. What variables affect viscous resistance? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 173.2 | Work of breathing 1. What factors determine the work of breathing? 2. What variables affect elastic workload? [...] 3. What variables affect viscous resistance? |
Work of breathing 1. What factors determine the work of breathing? 2. What variables affect elastic workload? 3. What variables affect viscous resistance? 1. 2. 3. |
| 173.3 | Work of breathing 1. What factors determine the work of breathing? 2. What variables affect elastic workload? 3. What variables affect viscous resistance? [...] |
Work of breathing 1. What factors determine the work of breathing? 2. What variables affect elastic workload? 3. What variables affect viscous resistance? 1. 2. 3. |
| 174.1 | Pain and modulation 1. Describe how pain is transmitted from the periphery to the brain? [...] 2. How can acute pain be modulated? 3. What sites do opioid peptides act on? |
Pain and modulation 1. Describe how pain is transmitted from the periphery to the brain? 2. How can acute pain be modulated? 3. What sites do opioid peptides act on? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 174.2 | Pain and modulation 1. Describe how pain is transmitted from the periphery to the brain? 2. How can acute pain be modulated? [...] 3. What sites do opioid peptides act on? |
Pain and modulation 1. Describe how pain is transmitted from the periphery to the brain? 2. How can acute pain be modulated? 3. What sites do opioid peptides act on? 1. 2. 3. |
| 174.3 | Pain and modulation 1. Describe how pain is transmitted from the periphery to the brain? 2. How can acute pain be modulated? 3. What sites do opioid peptides act on? [...] |
Pain and modulation 1. Describe how pain is transmitted from the periphery to the brain? 2. How can acute pain be modulated? 3. What sites do opioid peptides act on? 1. 2. 3. |
| 175.1 | Osmosis/Tonicity 1. What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? [...] 2. Define tonicity? 3. What is the genesis of the membrane potential? |
Osmosis/Tonicity 1. What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? 2. Define tonicity? 3. What is the genesis of the membrane potential? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 175.2 | Osmosis/Tonicity 1. What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? 2. Define tonicity? [...] 3. What is the genesis of the membrane potential? |
Osmosis/Tonicity 1. What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? 2. Define tonicity? 3. What is the genesis of the membrane potential? 1. 2. 3. |
| 175.3 | Osmosis/Tonicity 1. What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? 2. Define tonicity? 3. What is the genesis of the membrane potential? [...] |
Osmosis/Tonicity 1. What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? 2. Define tonicity? 3. What is the genesis of the membrane potential? 1. 2. 3. |
| 176.1 | Osmolality 1. What is the normal serum osmolality? [...] 2. What subsances contribute to serum osmolality? 3. How does plasma differ in composition to intracellular fluid? |
Osmolality 1. What is the normal serum osmolality? 2. What subsances contribute to serum osmolality? 3. How does plasma differ in composition to intracellular fluid? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 176.2 | Osmolality 1. What is the normal serum osmolality? 2. What subsances contribute to serum osmolality? [...] 3. How does plasma differ in composition to intracellular fluid? |
Osmolality 1. What is the normal serum osmolality? 2. What subsances contribute to serum osmolality? 3. How does plasma differ in composition to intracellular fluid? 1. 2. 3. |
| 176.3 | Osmolality 1. What is the normal serum osmolality? 2. What subsances contribute to serum osmolality? 3. How does plasma differ in composition to intracellular fluid? [...] |
Osmolality 1. What is the normal serum osmolality? 2. What subsances contribute to serum osmolality? 3. How does plasma differ in composition to intracellular fluid? 1. 2. 3. |
| 177.1 | Ketones 1. Please name the principal ketone bodies? [...] 2. How are ketone bodies produces and metabolised? 3. In what clinical situations do they accumulate in the body? |
Ketones 1. Please name the principal ketone bodies? 2. How are ketone bodies produces and metabolised? 3. In what clinical situations do they accumulate in the body? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 177.2 | Ketones 1. Please name the principal ketone bodies? 2. How are ketone bodies produces and metabolised? [...] 3. In what clinical situations do they accumulate in the body? |
Ketones 1. Please name the principal ketone bodies? 2. How are ketone bodies produces and metabolised? 3. In what clinical situations do they accumulate in the body? 1. 2. 3. |
| 177.3 | Ketones 1. Please name the principal ketone bodies? 2. How are ketone bodies produces and metabolised? 3. In what clinical situations do they accumulate in the body? [...] |
Ketones 1. Please name the principal ketone bodies? 2. How are ketone bodies produces and metabolised? 3. In what clinical situations do they accumulate in the body? 1. 2. 3. |
| 178.1 | Thirst 1. Where is it regulated? [...] 2. What factors increase thirst? 3. In what situations may thirst sensation be blunted? |
Thirst 1. Where is it regulated? 2. What factors increase thirst? 3. In what situations may thirst sensation be blunted? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 178.2 | Thirst 1. Where is it regulated? 2. What factors increase thirst? [...] 3. In what situations may thirst sensation be blunted? |
Thirst 1. Where is it regulated? 2. What factors increase thirst? 3. In what situations may thirst sensation be blunted? 1. 2. 3. |
| 178.3 | Thirst 1. Where is it regulated? 2. What factors increase thirst? 3. In what situations may thirst sensation be blunted? [...] |
Thirst 1. Where is it regulated? 2. What factors increase thirst? 3. In what situations may thirst sensation be blunted? 1. 2. 3. |
| 179.1 | 1. What hormones are secreted by the Anterior pituitary? [...] 2. What are the clinical effects of anterior pituitary insufficiency? 3. What hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? |
1. What hormones are secreted by the Anterior pituitary? 2. What are the clinical effects of anterior pituitary insufficiency? 3. What hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 179.2 | 1. What hormones are secreted by the Anterior pituitary? 2. What are the clinical effects of anterior pituitary insufficiency? [...] 3. What hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? |
1. What hormones are secreted by the Anterior pituitary? 2. What are the clinical effects of anterior pituitary insufficiency? 3. What hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? 1. 2. 3. |
| 179.3 | 1. What hormones are secreted by the Anterior pituitary? 2. What are the clinical effects of anterior pituitary insufficiency? 3. What hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? [...] |
1. What hormones are secreted by the Anterior pituitary? 2. What are the clinical effects of anterior pituitary insufficiency? 3. What hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? 1. 2. 3. |
| 180.1 | 1. What factors affect conduction of AP in a nerve? [...] 2. What are the different types of nerve fibres? 3. What is the clinical relevance to ED? |
1. What factors affect conduction of AP in a nerve? 2. What are the different types of nerve fibres? 3. What is the clinical relevance to ED? 1.  2. Classification  3.  |
| 180.2 | 1. What factors affect conduction of AP in a nerve? 2. What are the different types of nerve fibres? [...] 3. What is the clinical relevance to ED? |
1. What factors affect conduction of AP in a nerve? 2. What are the different types of nerve fibres? 3. What is the clinical relevance to ED? 1. 2. Classification 3. |
| 180.3 | 1. What factors affect conduction of AP in a nerve? 2. What are the different types of nerve fibres? 3. What is the clinical relevance to ED? [...] |
1. What factors affect conduction of AP in a nerve? 2. What are the different types of nerve fibres? 3. What is the clinical relevance to ED? 1. 2. Classification 3. |
| 181.1 | Intracerebral haemorrhage 1. What are the main pathophysiological causes of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage? [...] 2. Which areas of the brain do hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhages most commonly occur? 3. Describe the pathophysiology of cerebral amyloid angiopathy? |
Intracerebral haemorrhage 1. What are the main pathophysiological causes of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage? 2. Which areas of the brain do hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhages most commonly occur? 3. Describe the pathophysiology of cerebral amyloid angiopathy? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 181.2 | Intracerebral haemorrhage 1. What are the main pathophysiological causes of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage? 2. Which areas of the brain do hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhages most commonly occur? [...] 3. Describe the pathophysiology of cerebral amyloid angiopathy? |
Intracerebral haemorrhage 1. What are the main pathophysiological causes of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage? 2. Which areas of the brain do hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhages most commonly occur? 3. Describe the pathophysiology of cerebral amyloid angiopathy? 1. 2. 3. |
| 181.3 | Intracerebral haemorrhage 1. What are the main pathophysiological causes of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage? 2. Which areas of the brain do hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhages most commonly occur? 3. Describe the pathophysiology of cerebral amyloid angiopathy? [...] |
Intracerebral haemorrhage 1. What are the main pathophysiological causes of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage? 2. Which areas of the brain do hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhages most commonly occur? 3. Describe the pathophysiology of cerebral amyloid angiopathy? 1. 2. 3. |
| 182.1 | Secondary TB 1. What is it? [...] 2. How may infection occur in secondary TB? 3. Describe the pathological features in lung of secondary infection with TB? |
Secondary TB 1. What is it? 2. How may infection occur in secondary TB? 3. Describe the pathological features in lung of secondary infection with TB? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 182.2 | Secondary TB 1. What is it? 2. How may infection occur in secondary TB? [...] 3. Describe the pathological features in lung of secondary infection with TB? |
Secondary TB 1. What is it? 2. How may infection occur in secondary TB? 3. Describe the pathological features in lung of secondary infection with TB? 1. 2. 3. |
| 182.3 | Secondary TB 1. What is it? 2. How may infection occur in secondary TB? 3. Describe the pathological features in lung of secondary infection with TB? [...] |
Secondary TB 1. What is it? 2. How may infection occur in secondary TB? 3. Describe the pathological features in lung of secondary infection with TB? 1. 2. 3. |
| 183.1 | TB 1. Oultine the natural history and spectrum of TB? [...] 2. How is it diagnosed? 3. Describe the pathogenesis? |
TB 1. Oultine the natural history and spectrum of TB? 2. How is it diagnosed? 3. Describe the pathogenesis? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 183.2 | TB 1. Oultine the natural history and spectrum of TB? 2. How is it diagnosed? [...] 3. Describe the pathogenesis? |
TB 1. Oultine the natural history and spectrum of TB? 2. How is it diagnosed? 3. Describe the pathogenesis? 1. 2. 3. |
| 183.3 | TB 1. Oultine the natural history and spectrum of TB? 2. How is it diagnosed? 3. Describe the pathogenesis? [...] |
TB 1. Oultine the natural history and spectrum of TB? 2. How is it diagnosed? 3. Describe the pathogenesis? 1. 2. 3. |
| 184.1 | RA 1. Pathogenesis? [...] 2. Extra-articular manifestations of RA? 3. Long-term complications? |
RA 1. Pathogenesis? 2. Extra-articular manifestations of RA? 3. Long-term complications? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 184.2 | RA 1. Pathogenesis? 2. Extra-articular manifestations of RA? [...] 3. Long-term complications? |
RA 1. Pathogenesis? 2. Extra-articular manifestations of RA? 3. Long-term complications? 1. 2. 3. |
| 184.3 | RA 1. Pathogenesis? 2. Extra-articular manifestations of RA? 3. Long-term complications? [...] |
RA 1. Pathogenesis? 2. Extra-articular manifestations of RA? 3. Long-term complications? 1. 2. 3. |
| 185.1 | OA 1. What factors lead to OA? [...] 2. Describe the pathological changes that occur in an affected joint? 3. Describe the major clinical features of OA? |
OA 1. What factors lead to OA? 2. Describe the pathological changes that occur in an affected joint? 3. Describe the major clinical features of OA? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 185.2 | OA 1. What factors lead to OA? 2. Describe the pathological changes that occur in an affected joint? [...] 3. Describe the major clinical features of OA? |
OA 1. What factors lead to OA? 2. Describe the pathological changes that occur in an affected joint? 3. Describe the major clinical features of OA? 1. 2. 3. |
| 185.3 | OA 1. What factors lead to OA? 2. Describe the pathological changes that occur in an affected joint? 3. Describe the major clinical features of OA? [...] |
OA 1. What factors lead to OA? 2. Describe the pathological changes that occur in an affected joint? 3. Describe the major clinical features of OA? 1. 2. 3. |
| 186.1 | B cells 1. Location? [...] 2. How do they respond to antigenic stimulation? 3. How are they activated in graft vs host reaction? |
B cells 1. Location? 2. How do they respond to antigenic stimulation? 3. How are they activated in graft vs host reaction? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 186.2 | B cells 1. Location? 2. How do they respond to antigenic stimulation? [...] 3. How are they activated in graft vs host reaction? |
B cells 1. Location? 2. How do they respond to antigenic stimulation? 3. How are they activated in graft vs host reaction? 1. 2. 3. |
| 186.3 | B cells 1. Location? 2. How do they respond to antigenic stimulation? 3. How are they activated in graft vs host reaction? [...] |
B cells 1. Location? 2. How do they respond to antigenic stimulation? 3. How are they activated in graft vs host reaction? 1. 2. 3. |
| 187.1 | Paraneoplastic syndromes 1. Definition? [...] 2. Main types? 3. What is the cause of cachexia in cancer? |
Paraneoplastic syndromes 1. Definition? 2. Main types? 3. What is the cause of cachexia in cancer? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 187.2 | Paraneoplastic syndromes 1. Definition? 2. Main types? [...] 3. What is the cause of cachexia in cancer? |
Paraneoplastic syndromes 1. Definition? 2. Main types? 3. What is the cause of cachexia in cancer? 1. 2. 3. |
| 187.3 | Paraneoplastic syndromes 1. Definition? 2. Main types? 3. What is the cause of cachexia in cancer? [...] |
Paraneoplastic syndromes 1. Definition? 2. Main types? 3. What is the cause of cachexia in cancer? 1. 2. 3. |
| 188.1 | Tumour invasion and mets 1. Describe the steps in tumour invasion of the ECM? [...] 2. Describe possible mechanisms that influence the distribution of mets? 3. What is the importance of MMPs? |
Tumour invasion and mets 1. Describe the steps in tumour invasion of the ECM? 2. Describe possible mechanisms that influence the distribution of mets? 3. What is the importance of MMPs? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 188.2 | Tumour invasion and mets 1. Describe the steps in tumour invasion of the ECM? 2. Describe possible mechanisms that influence the distribution of mets? [...] 3. What is the importance of MMPs? |
Tumour invasion and mets 1. Describe the steps in tumour invasion of the ECM? 2. Describe possible mechanisms that influence the distribution of mets? 3. What is the importance of MMPs? 1. 2. 3. |
| 188.3 | Tumour invasion and mets 1. Describe the steps in tumour invasion of the ECM? 2. Describe possible mechanisms that influence the distribution of mets? 3. What is the importance of MMPs? [...] |
Tumour invasion and mets 1. Describe the steps in tumour invasion of the ECM? 2. Describe possible mechanisms that influence the distribution of mets? 3. What is the importance of MMPs? 1. 2. 3. |
| 189.1 | Salmonella 1. What type of bacterium? [...] 2. Describe the pathogenesis of typhoid fever? 3. What are the clinical features? |
Salmonella 1. What type of bacterium? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of typhoid fever? 3. What are the clinical features? 1.   flagellated 2.  3.  |
| 189.2 | Salmonella 1. What type of bacterium? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of typhoid fever? [...] 3. What are the clinical features? |
Salmonella 1. What type of bacterium? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of typhoid fever? 3. What are the clinical features? 1. flagellated 2. 3. |
| 189.3 | Salmonella 1. What type of bacterium? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of typhoid fever? 3. What are the clinical features? [...] |
Salmonella 1. What type of bacterium? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of typhoid fever? 3. What are the clinical features? 1. flagellated 2. 3. |
| 190.1 | Ulcerative colitis 1. What are the characteristic pathological features? [...] 2. What are the extra intestinal manifestations? 3. Complications? |
Ulcerative colitis 1. What are the characteristic pathological features? 2. What are the extra intestinal manifestations? 3. Complications? 1.   2.   3.  |
| 190.2 | Ulcerative colitis 1. What are the characteristic pathological features? 2. What are the extra intestinal manifestations? [...] 3. Complications? |
Ulcerative colitis 1. What are the characteristic pathological features? 2. What are the extra intestinal manifestations? 3. Complications? 1. 2. 3. |
| 190.3 | Ulcerative colitis 1. What are the characteristic pathological features? 2. What are the extra intestinal manifestations? 3. Complications? [...] |
Ulcerative colitis 1. What are the characteristic pathological features? 2. What are the extra intestinal manifestations? 3. Complications? 1. 2. 3. |
| 191.1 | 1. Describe the common causes of bowel obstruction? [...] 2. How does a hernia form, and cause a bowel obstruction? 3. Describe some important clinical sequelae of ongoing bowel obstruction? |
1. Describe the common causes of bowel obstruction? 2. How does a hernia form, and cause a bowel obstruction? 3. Describe some important clinical sequelae of ongoing bowel obstruction? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 191.2 | 1. Describe the common causes of bowel obstruction? 2. How does a hernia form, and cause a bowel obstruction? [...] 3. Describe some important clinical sequelae of ongoing bowel obstruction? |
1. Describe the common causes of bowel obstruction? 2. How does a hernia form, and cause a bowel obstruction? 3. Describe some important clinical sequelae of ongoing bowel obstruction? 1. 2. 3. |
| 191.3 | 1. Describe the common causes of bowel obstruction? 2. How does a hernia form, and cause a bowel obstruction? 3. Describe some important clinical sequelae of ongoing bowel obstruction? [...] |
1. Describe the common causes of bowel obstruction? 2. How does a hernia form, and cause a bowel obstruction? 3. Describe some important clinical sequelae of ongoing bowel obstruction? 1. 2. 3. |
| 192.1 | 1. Which carpal bones articulate with the distal end of the radius? [...] 2. Describe the normal relative relationship between the radial and ulnar styloid process? 3. Demonstrate the movement of the radius during supination? |
1. Which carpal bones articulate with the distal end of the radius? 2. Describe the normal relative relationship between the radial and ulnar styloid process? 3. Demonstrate the movement of the radius during supination? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 192.2 | 1. Which carpal bones articulate with the distal end of the radius? 2. Describe the normal relative relationship between the radial and ulnar styloid process? [...] 3. Demonstrate the movement of the radius during supination? |
1. Which carpal bones articulate with the distal end of the radius? 2. Describe the normal relative relationship between the radial and ulnar styloid process? 3. Demonstrate the movement of the radius during supination? 1. 2. 3. |
| 192.3 | 1. Which carpal bones articulate with the distal end of the radius? 2. Describe the normal relative relationship between the radial and ulnar styloid process? 3. Demonstrate the movement of the radius during supination? [...] |
1. Which carpal bones articulate with the distal end of the radius? 2. Describe the normal relative relationship between the radial and ulnar styloid process? 3. Demonstrate the movement of the radius during supination? 1. 2. 3. |
| 193.1 | ARDS 1. Pathogenesis? [...] 2. Conditions associated with ARDS development? 3. Outcomes of ARDS? |
ARDS 1. Pathogenesis? 2. Conditions associated with ARDS development? 3. Outcomes of ARDS? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 193.2 | ARDS 1. Pathogenesis? 2. Conditions associated with ARDS development? [...] 3. Outcomes of ARDS? |
ARDS 1. Pathogenesis? 2. Conditions associated with ARDS development? 3. Outcomes of ARDS? 1. 2. 3. |
| 193.3 | ARDS 1. Pathogenesis? 2. Conditions associated with ARDS development? 3. Outcomes of ARDS? [...] |
ARDS 1. Pathogenesis? 2. Conditions associated with ARDS development? 3. Outcomes of ARDS? 1. 2. 3. |
| 194.1 | Anti-influenza agents 1. List some anti-influenza agents? [...] 2. MOA? 3. Indications? |
Anti-influenza agents 1. List some anti-influenza agents? 2. MOA? 3. Indications? 1.  |
| 194.2 | Anti-influenza agents 1. List some anti-influenza agents? 2. MOA? [...] 3. Indications? |
Anti-influenza agents 1. List some anti-influenza agents? 2. MOA? 3. Indications? 1. |
| 194.3 | Anti-influenza agents 1. List some anti-influenza agents? 2. MOA? 3. Indications? [...] |
Anti-influenza agents 1. List some anti-influenza agents? 2. MOA? 3. Indications? 1. |
| 195.1 | Flumazenil 1. MOA? [...] 2. Indications? 3. Potential problems that should be anticipated? |
Flumazenil 1. MOA? 2. Indications? 3. Potential problems that should be anticipated?  |
| 195.2 | Flumazenil 1. MOA? 2. Indications? [...] 3. Potential problems that should be anticipated? |
Flumazenil 1. MOA? 2. Indications? 3. Potential problems that should be anticipated? |
| 195.3 | Flumazenil 1. MOA? 2. Indications? 3. Potential problems that should be anticipated? [...] |
Flumazenil 1. MOA? 2. Indications? 3. Potential problems that should be anticipated? |
| 196.1 | Chloramphenicol 1. Adverse effects? [...] 2. MOA? 3. Which bacteria does it affect? |
Chloramphenicol 1. Adverse effects? 2. MOA? 3. Which bacteria does it affect? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 196.2 | Chloramphenicol 1. Adverse effects? 2. MOA? [...] 3. Which bacteria does it affect? |
Chloramphenicol 1. Adverse effects? 2. MOA? 3. Which bacteria does it affect? 1. 2. 3. |
| 196.3 | Chloramphenicol 1. Adverse effects? 2. MOA? 3. Which bacteria does it affect? [...] |
Chloramphenicol 1. Adverse effects? 2. MOA? 3. Which bacteria does it affect? 1. 2. 3. |
| 197.1 | 1. What is an antiseptic? [...] 2. Describe the actions and uses of chlorhexidine? 3. When is chlorhexidine contraindicated? |
1. What is an antiseptic? 2. Describe the actions and uses of chlorhexidine? 3. When is chlorhexidine contraindicated?  |
| 197.2 | 1. What is an antiseptic? 2. Describe the actions and uses of chlorhexidine? [...] 3. When is chlorhexidine contraindicated? |
1. What is an antiseptic? 2. Describe the actions and uses of chlorhexidine? 3. When is chlorhexidine contraindicated? |
| 197.3 | 1. What is an antiseptic? 2. Describe the actions and uses of chlorhexidine? 3. When is chlorhexidine contraindicated? [...] |
1. What is an antiseptic? 2. Describe the actions and uses of chlorhexidine? 3. When is chlorhexidine contraindicated? |
| 198.1 | PPIs 1. MOA? [...] 2. Why is an iv infusion preferred to a single bolus dose? 3. Regarding oral formulations of PPI, please describe strategies used to increase their bioavailability and acitivity? |
PPIs 1. MOA? 2. Why is an iv infusion preferred to a single bolus dose? 3. Regarding oral formulations of PPI, please describe strategies used to increase their bioavailability and acitivity? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 198.2 | PPIs 1. MOA? 2. Why is an iv infusion preferred to a single bolus dose? [...] 3. Regarding oral formulations of PPI, please describe strategies used to increase their bioavailability and acitivity? |
PPIs 1. MOA? 2. Why is an iv infusion preferred to a single bolus dose? 3. Regarding oral formulations of PPI, please describe strategies used to increase their bioavailability and acitivity? 1. 2. 3. |
| 198.3 | PPIs 1. MOA? 2. Why is an iv infusion preferred to a single bolus dose? 3. Regarding oral formulations of PPI, please describe strategies used to increase their bioavailability and acitivity? [...] |
PPIs 1. MOA? 2. Why is an iv infusion preferred to a single bolus dose? 3. Regarding oral formulations of PPI, please describe strategies used to increase their bioavailability and acitivity? 1. 2. 3. |
| 199.1 | Olanzapine 1. By what routes can olanzapine be administered? [...] 2. What advantage of olanzapine over older typical antipsychotics? 3. What are disadvantages? |
Olanzapine 1. By what routes can olanzapine be administered? 2. What advantage of olanzapine over older typical antipsychotics? 3. What are disadvantages?  |
| 199.2 | Olanzapine 1. By what routes can olanzapine be administered? 2. What advantage of olanzapine over older typical antipsychotics? [...] 3. What are disadvantages? |
Olanzapine 1. By what routes can olanzapine be administered? 2. What advantage of olanzapine over older typical antipsychotics? 3. What are disadvantages? |
| 199.3 | Olanzapine 1. By what routes can olanzapine be administered? 2. What advantage of olanzapine over older typical antipsychotics? 3. What are disadvantages? [...] |
Olanzapine 1. By what routes can olanzapine be administered? 2. What advantage of olanzapine over older typical antipsychotics? 3. What are disadvantages? |
| 200.1 | 1. What drugs can be used in the treatment of an acute attack of migraine? [...] 2. How do triptans work? 3. S/e of chlorpromazine? |
1. What drugs can be used in the treatment of an acute attack of migraine? 2. How do triptans work? 3. S/e of chlorpromazine? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 200.2 | 1. What drugs can be used in the treatment of an acute attack of migraine? 2. How do triptans work? [...] 3. S/e of chlorpromazine? |
1. What drugs can be used in the treatment of an acute attack of migraine? 2. How do triptans work? 3. S/e of chlorpromazine? 1. 2. 3. |
| 200.3 | 1. What drugs can be used in the treatment of an acute attack of migraine? 2. How do triptans work? 3. S/e of chlorpromazine? [...] |
1. What drugs can be used in the treatment of an acute attack of migraine? 2. How do triptans work? 3. S/e of chlorpromazine? 1. 2. 3. |
| 201.1 | Suxx 1. MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? |
Suxx 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects?  |
| 201.2 | Suxx 1. MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. Adverse effects? |
Suxx 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? |
| 201.3 | Suxx 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? [...] |
Suxx 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. Adverse effects? |
| 202.1 | Norad 1. What receptors does it act on? [...] 2. How does NA increase BP? 3. How does NA affect the heart rate? |
Norad 1. What receptors does it act on? 2. How does NA increase BP? 3. How does NA affect the heart rate?  |
| 202.2 | Norad 1. What receptors does it act on? 2. How does NA increase BP? [...] 3. How does NA affect the heart rate? |
Norad 1. What receptors does it act on? 2. How does NA increase BP? 3. How does NA affect the heart rate? |
| 202.3 | Norad 1. What receptors does it act on? 2. How does NA increase BP? 3. How does NA affect the heart rate? [...] |
Norad 1. What receptors does it act on? 2. How does NA increase BP? 3. How does NA affect the heart rate? |
| 203.1 | Mag - Pharm 1. Indications of use in pregnancy? [...] 2. Other uses in ED? 3. Toxic effects? |
Mag - Pharm 1. Indications of use in pregnancy? 2. Other uses in ED? 3. Toxic effects? 1.2.3.  |
| 203.2 | Mag - Pharm 1. Indications of use in pregnancy? 2. Other uses in ED? [...] 3. Toxic effects? |
Mag - Pharm 1. Indications of use in pregnancy? 2. Other uses in ED? 3. Toxic effects? 1.2.3. |
| 203.3 | Mag - Pharm 1. Indications of use in pregnancy? 2. Other uses in ED? 3. Toxic effects? [...] |
Mag - Pharm 1. Indications of use in pregnancy? 2. Other uses in ED? 3. Toxic effects? 1.2.3. |
| 204.1 | Pharm - Calcium 1. GIven an example of a preparation of calcium that is taken orally? [...] 2. What are the possible uses of oral calcium preparations? 3. What are the potential adverse effects of giving Ca through IV? |
Pharm - Calcium 1. GIven an example of a preparation of calcium that is taken orally? 2. What are the possible uses of oral calcium preparations? 3. What are the potential adverse effects of giving Ca through IV? 1.2.3.  |
| 204.2 | Pharm - Calcium 1. GIven an example of a preparation of calcium that is taken orally? 2. What are the possible uses of oral calcium preparations? [...] 3. What are the potential adverse effects of giving Ca through IV? |
Pharm - Calcium 1. GIven an example of a preparation of calcium that is taken orally? 2. What are the possible uses of oral calcium preparations? 3. What are the potential adverse effects of giving Ca through IV? 1.2.3. |
| 204.3 | Pharm - Calcium 1. GIven an example of a preparation of calcium that is taken orally? 2. What are the possible uses of oral calcium preparations? 3. What are the potential adverse effects of giving Ca through IV? [...] |
Pharm - Calcium 1. GIven an example of a preparation of calcium that is taken orally? 2. What are the possible uses of oral calcium preparations? 3. What are the potential adverse effects of giving Ca through IV? 1.2.3. |
| 205.1 | IV Fluids - Pharm 1. What the different classes and give examples? [...] 2. How does the electrolyte composition of normal saline differ from Hartmann's? 2. What are the complications of crystalloid fluid therapy? |
IV Fluids - Pharm 1. What the different classes and give examples? 2. How does the electrolyte composition of normal saline differ from Hartmann's? 2. What are the complications of crystalloid fluid therapy? 1.2.3.   |
| 205.2 | IV Fluids - Pharm 1. What the different classes and give examples? 2. How does the electrolyte composition of normal saline differ from Hartmann's? [...] 2. What are the complications of crystalloid fluid therapy? |
IV Fluids - Pharm 1. What the different classes and give examples? 2. How does the electrolyte composition of normal saline differ from Hartmann's? 2. What are the complications of crystalloid fluid therapy? 1.2.3. |
| 205.3 | IV Fluids - Pharm 1. What the different classes and give examples? 2. How does the electrolyte composition of normal saline differ from Hartmann's? 2. What are the complications of crystalloid fluid therapy? [...] |
IV Fluids - Pharm 1. What the different classes and give examples? 2. How does the electrolyte composition of normal saline differ from Hartmann's? 2. What are the complications of crystalloid fluid therapy? 1.2.3. |
| 206.1 | Vancomycin 1. MOA? [...] 2. Target orgniams? 3. Clinical conditions that need dose adjustment? |
Vancomycin 1. MOA? 2. Target orgniams? 3. Clinical conditions that need dose adjustment?  |
| 206.2 | Vancomycin 1. MOA? 2. Target orgniams? [...] 3. Clinical conditions that need dose adjustment? |
Vancomycin 1. MOA? 2. Target orgniams? 3. Clinical conditions that need dose adjustment? |
| 206.3 | Vancomycin 1. MOA? 2. Target orgniams? 3. Clinical conditions that need dose adjustment? [...] |
Vancomycin 1. MOA? 2. Target orgniams? 3. Clinical conditions that need dose adjustment? |
| 207.1 | Trimethoprim 1. MOA? [...] 2. Why is trimethoprim combined with sulfamethoxazole? 3. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance? |
Trimethoprim 1. MOA? 2. Why is trimethoprim combined with sulfamethoxazole? 3. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance? 1.  Inhibits purine and DNA synthesis by.. 2.   3.  |
| 207.2 | Trimethoprim 1. MOA? 2. Why is trimethoprim combined with sulfamethoxazole? [...] 3. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance? |
Trimethoprim 1. MOA? 2. Why is trimethoprim combined with sulfamethoxazole? 3. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance? 1. Inhibits purine and DNA synthesis by.. 2. 3. |
| 207.3 | Trimethoprim 1. MOA? 2. Why is trimethoprim combined with sulfamethoxazole? 3. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance? [...] |
Trimethoprim 1. MOA? 2. Why is trimethoprim combined with sulfamethoxazole? 3. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance? 1. Inhibits purine and DNA synthesis by.. 2. 3. |
| 208.1 | Tetracyclines 1. C/I? [...] 2. Metabolism? 3. Resistance to doxy? |
Tetracyclines 1. C/I? 2. Metabolism? 3. Resistance to doxy? 1.  2. Doxy  3.  |
| 208.2 | Tetracyclines 1. C/I? 2. Metabolism? [...] 3. Resistance to doxy? |
Tetracyclines 1. C/I? 2. Metabolism? 3. Resistance to doxy? 1. 2. Doxy 3. |
| 208.3 | Tetracyclines 1. C/I? 2. Metabolism? 3. Resistance to doxy? [...] |
Tetracyclines 1. C/I? 2. Metabolism? 3. Resistance to doxy? 1. 2. Doxy 3. |
| 209.1 | Doxycycline 1. MOA? [...] 2. S/e? 3. Indications? |
Doxycycline 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Indications?  |
| 209.2 | Doxycycline 1. MOA? 2. S/e? [...] 3. Indications? |
Doxycycline 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Indications? |
| 209.3 | Doxycycline 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Indications? [...] |
Doxycycline 1. MOA? 2. S/e? 3. Indications? |
| 210.1 | QTc interval 1. how many big boxes should it be? [...] 2.
3. Causes of prolonged QTc? |
QTc interval 1. how many big boxes should it be? 2.
3. Causes of prolonged QTc? 1.  2. 3.  |
| 210.2 | QTc interval 1. how many big boxes should it be? 2.
3. Causes of prolonged QTc? |
QTc interval 1. how many big boxes should it be? 2.
3. Causes of prolonged QTc? 1. 2. 3. |
| 210.3 | QTc interval 1. how many big boxes should it be? 2.
3. Causes of prolonged QTc? [...] |
QTc interval 1. how many big boxes should it be? 2.
3. Causes of prolonged QTc? 1. 2. 3. |
| 211.1 | Digoxin 1. PD? [...] 2. PK (covered earlier) 3. What are the non-cardiac symptoms and signs of digoxin toxicity? 4. What factors may predispose a patient to digoxin toxicity? |
Digoxin 1. PD? 2. PK (covered earlier) 3. What are the non-cardiac symptoms and signs of digoxin toxicity? 4. What factors may predispose a patient to digoxin toxicity? 1.     2. 3.   4.  |
| 211.2 | Digoxin 1. PD? 2. PK (covered earlier) 3. What are the non-cardiac symptoms and signs of digoxin toxicity? [...] 4. What factors may predispose a patient to digoxin toxicity? |
Digoxin 1. PD? 2. PK (covered earlier) 3. What are the non-cardiac symptoms and signs of digoxin toxicity? 4. What factors may predispose a patient to digoxin toxicity? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 211.3 | Digoxin 1. PD? 2. PK (covered earlier) 3. What are the non-cardiac symptoms and signs of digoxin toxicity? 4. What factors may predispose a patient to digoxin toxicity? [...] |
Digoxin 1. PD? 2. PK (covered earlier) 3. What are the non-cardiac symptoms and signs of digoxin toxicity? 4. What factors may predispose a patient to digoxin toxicity? 1. 2. 3. 4. |
| 212.1 | Physio - Skeletal MM AP 1. Draw the AP? [...] 2. What is the sequence of events in the contraction of a skeletal muscle fibre, starting at the motor end-plate? 3. What is the sequence of events in the relaxation of a skeletal muscle firbe? |
Physio - Skeletal MM AP 1. Draw the AP? 2. What is the sequence of events in the contraction of a skeletal muscle fibre, starting at the motor end-plate? 3. What is the sequence of events in the relaxation of a skeletal muscle firbe? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 212.2 | Physio - Skeletal MM AP 1. Draw the AP? 2. What is the sequence of events in the contraction of a skeletal muscle fibre, starting at the motor end-plate? [...] 3. What is the sequence of events in the relaxation of a skeletal muscle firbe? |
Physio - Skeletal MM AP 1. Draw the AP? 2. What is the sequence of events in the contraction of a skeletal muscle fibre, starting at the motor end-plate? 3. What is the sequence of events in the relaxation of a skeletal muscle firbe? 1. 2. 3. |
| 212.3 | Physio - Skeletal MM AP 1. Draw the AP? 2. What is the sequence of events in the contraction of a skeletal muscle fibre, starting at the motor end-plate? 3. What is the sequence of events in the relaxation of a skeletal muscle firbe? [...] |
Physio - Skeletal MM AP 1. Draw the AP? 2. What is the sequence of events in the contraction of a skeletal muscle fibre, starting at the motor end-plate? 3. What is the sequence of events in the relaxation of a skeletal muscle firbe? 1. 2. 3. |
| 213.1 | Renal physiology 1. How does the kidney handle potassium? [...] 2. How does aldosterone affect potassium excretion? 3. How does a metabolic acidosis affect potassium secretion? |
Renal physiology 1. How does the kidney handle potassium? 2. How does aldosterone affect potassium excretion? 3. How does a metabolic acidosis affect potassium secretion? 1.   2.  3.   |
| 213.2 | Renal physiology 1. How does the kidney handle potassium? 2. How does aldosterone affect potassium excretion? [...] 3. How does a metabolic acidosis affect potassium secretion? |
Renal physiology 1. How does the kidney handle potassium? 2. How does aldosterone affect potassium excretion? 3. How does a metabolic acidosis affect potassium secretion? 1. 2. 3. |
| 213.3 | Renal physiology 1. How does the kidney handle potassium? 2. How does aldosterone affect potassium excretion? 3. How does a metabolic acidosis affect potassium secretion? [...] |
Renal physiology 1. How does the kidney handle potassium? 2. How does aldosterone affect potassium excretion? 3. How does a metabolic acidosis affect potassium secretion? 1. 2. 3. |
| 214.1 | Thiazides 1. MOA? [...] 2. Clinical indications? 3. Adverse effects? |
Thiazides 1. MOA? 2. Clinical indications? 3. Adverse effects? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 214.2 | Thiazides 1. MOA? 2. Clinical indications? [...] 3. Adverse effects? |
Thiazides 1. MOA? 2. Clinical indications? 3. Adverse effects? 1. 2. 3. |
| 214.3 | Thiazides 1. MOA? 2. Clinical indications? 3. Adverse effects? [...] |
Thiazides 1. MOA? 2. Clinical indications? 3. Adverse effects? 1. 2. 3. |
| 215.1 | Mannitol 1. Why is it used in the management of head injury? [...] 2. MOA? 3. Other clinical effects? |
Mannitol 1. Why is it used in the management of head injury? 2. MOA? 3. Other clinical effects?  |
| 215.2 | Mannitol 1. Why is it used in the management of head injury? 2. MOA? [...] 3. Other clinical effects? |
Mannitol 1. Why is it used in the management of head injury? 2. MOA? 3. Other clinical effects? |
| 215.3 | Mannitol 1. Why is it used in the management of head injury? 2. MOA? 3. Other clinical effects? [...] |
Mannitol 1. Why is it used in the management of head injury? 2. MOA? 3. Other clinical effects? |
| 216.1 | tPA 1. What are the classes of thrombolytic agents? [...] 2. MOA? 3. Adverse effects? |
tPA 1. What are the classes of thrombolytic agents? 2. MOA? 3. Adverse effects? 1.   2.   3.   |
| 216.2 | tPA 1. What are the classes of thrombolytic agents? 2. MOA? [...] 3. Adverse effects? |
tPA 1. What are the classes of thrombolytic agents? 2. MOA? 3. Adverse effects? 1. 2. 3. |
| 216.3 | tPA 1. What are the classes of thrombolytic agents? 2. MOA? 3. Adverse effects? [...] |
tPA 1. What are the classes of thrombolytic agents? 2. MOA? 3. Adverse effects? 1. 2. 3. |
| 217.1 | Rivaroxaban 1. MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. What clinicaal advantages does rivaroxaban offer over warfarin? |
Rivaroxaban 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. What clinicaal advantages does rivaroxaban offer over warfarin?  |
| 217.2 | Rivaroxaban 1. MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. What clinicaal advantages does rivaroxaban offer over warfarin? |
Rivaroxaban 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. What clinicaal advantages does rivaroxaban offer over warfarin? |
| 217.3 | Rivaroxaban 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. What clinicaal advantages does rivaroxaban offer over warfarin? [...] |
Rivaroxaban 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. What clinicaal advantages does rivaroxaban offer over warfarin? |
| 218.1 | Angiogenesis 1. What is angiogenesis? [...] 2. Please give some examples? 3. What steps are involved in angiogenesis from pre-existing vessels? |
Angiogenesis 1. What is angiogenesis? 2. Please give some examples? 3. What steps are involved in angiogenesis from pre-existing vessels?  |
| 218.2 | Angiogenesis 1. What is angiogenesis? 2. Please give some examples? [...] 3. What steps are involved in angiogenesis from pre-existing vessels? |
Angiogenesis 1. What is angiogenesis? 2. Please give some examples? 3. What steps are involved in angiogenesis from pre-existing vessels? |
| 218.3 | Angiogenesis 1. What is angiogenesis? 2. Please give some examples? 3. What steps are involved in angiogenesis from pre-existing vessels? [...] |
Angiogenesis 1. What is angiogenesis? 2. Please give some examples? 3. What steps are involved in angiogenesis from pre-existing vessels? |
| 219.1 | Ethanol 1. PK? [...] 2. PD? 3. MOA? |
Ethanol 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. MOA? 1.  2.  3.   |
| 219.2 | Ethanol 1. PK? 2. PD? [...] 3. MOA? |
Ethanol 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. MOA? 1. 2. 3. |
| 219.3 | Ethanol 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. MOA? [...] |
Ethanol 1. PK? 2. PD? 3. MOA? 1. 2. 3. |
| 220.1 | ATN 1. What is ATN? [...] 2. What are two patterns of ATN with an example of each? 3. Describe the clinical course of ATN? |
ATN 1. What is ATN? 2. What are two patterns of ATN with an example of each? 3. Describe the clinical course of ATN? 1.  2.   3.  |
| 220.2 | ATN 1. What is ATN? 2. What are two patterns of ATN with an example of each? [...] 3. Describe the clinical course of ATN? |
ATN 1. What is ATN? 2. What are two patterns of ATN with an example of each? 3. Describe the clinical course of ATN? 1. 2. 3. |
| 220.3 | ATN 1. What is ATN? 2. What are two patterns of ATN with an example of each? 3. Describe the clinical course of ATN? [...] |
ATN 1. What is ATN? 2. What are two patterns of ATN with an example of each? 3. Describe the clinical course of ATN? 1. 2. 3. |
| 221.1 | CBB - CTB  1. Describe this image? [...] 2. What is the clinical diagnosis? 3. What signs may be found on examination? |
CBB - CTB 1. Describe this image? 2. What is the clinical diagnosis? 3. What signs may be found on examination? 1. Hypodensity in the Right parieto-occipital region 2. R MCA stroke/infarct 3. contralateral hemiparesis, hemisensory loss contralateral homonymous hemianopia aphasia contralatearl neglect face+arm > leg affected |
| 221.2 | CBB - CTB 1. Describe this image? 2. What is the clinical diagnosis? [...] 3. What signs may be found on examination? |
CBB - CTB 1. Describe this image? 2. What is the clinical diagnosis? 3. What signs may be found on examination? 1. Hypodensity in the Right parieto-occipital region 2. R MCA stroke/infarct 3. contralateral hemiparesis, hemisensory loss contralateral homonymous hemianopia aphasia contralatearl neglect face+arm > leg affected |
| 221.3 | CBB - CTB 1. Describe this image? 2. What is the clinical diagnosis? 3. What signs may be found on examination? [...] |
CBB - CTB 1. Describe this image? 2. What is the clinical diagnosis? 3. What signs may be found on examination? 1. Hypodensity in the Right parieto-occipital region 2. R MCA stroke/infarct 3. contralateral hemiparesis, hemisensory loss contralateral homonymous hemianopia aphasia contralatearl neglect face+arm > leg affected |
| 222.1 | CBB - XR - Spine  1. Describe this xray. what is the abnormality? [...] 2. Possible causes for this finding? 3. Complications that you would look for? |
CBB - XR - Spine 1. Describe this xray. what is the abnormality? 2. Possible causes for this finding? 3. Complications that you would look for?  |
| 222.2 | CBB - XR - Spine 1. Describe this xray. what is the abnormality? 2. Possible causes for this finding? [...] 3. Complications that you would look for? |
CBB - XR - Spine 1. Describe this xray. what is the abnormality? 2. Possible causes for this finding? 3. Complications that you would look for? |
| 222.3 | CBB - XR - Spine 1. Describe this xray. what is the abnormality? 2. Possible causes for this finding? 3. Complications that you would look for? [...] |
CBB - XR - Spine 1. Describe this xray. what is the abnormality? 2. Possible causes for this finding? 3. Complications that you would look for? |
| 223.1 | CBB - Photo - Rash  1. Please describe this photo? [...] 2. What are the possible differential diagnosis for this child? 3. What further clinical assessment should be performed? |
CBB - Photo - Rash 1. Please describe this photo? 2. What are the possible differential diagnosis for this child? 3. What further clinical assessment should be performed? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 223.2 | CBB - Photo - Rash 1. Please describe this photo? 2. What are the possible differential diagnosis for this child? [...] 3. What further clinical assessment should be performed? |
CBB - Photo - Rash 1. Please describe this photo? 2. What are the possible differential diagnosis for this child? 3. What further clinical assessment should be performed? 1. 2. 3. |
| 223.3 | CBB - Photo - Rash 1. Please describe this photo? 2. What are the possible differential diagnosis for this child? 3. What further clinical assessment should be performed? [...] |
CBB - Photo - Rash 1. Please describe this photo? 2. What are the possible differential diagnosis for this child? 3. What further clinical assessment should be performed? 1. 2. 3. |
| 224.1 | Hep C 1. What type of virus? [...] 2. RFs?? 3. Natural course? |
Hep C 1. What type of virus? 2. RFs?? 3. Natural course? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 224.2 | Hep C 1. What type of virus? 2. RFs?? [...] 3. Natural course? |
Hep C 1. What type of virus? 2. RFs?? 3. Natural course? 1. 2. 3. |
| 224.3 | Hep C 1. What type of virus? 2. RFs?? 3. Natural course? [...] |
Hep C 1. What type of virus? 2. RFs?? 3. Natural course? 1. 2. 3. |
| 225.1 | Portal HTN 1. What are the causes of portal HTN? [...] 2. What are the clinical consequences of portal HTN? 3. What mechanisms are involved in the formation of ascites? |
Portal HTN 1. What are the causes of portal HTN? 2. What are the clinical consequences of portal HTN? 3. What mechanisms are involved in the formation of ascites? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 225.2 | Portal HTN 1. What are the causes of portal HTN? 2. What are the clinical consequences of portal HTN? [...] 3. What mechanisms are involved in the formation of ascites? |
Portal HTN 1. What are the causes of portal HTN? 2. What are the clinical consequences of portal HTN? 3. What mechanisms are involved in the formation of ascites? 1. 2. 3. |
| 225.3 | Portal HTN 1. What are the causes of portal HTN? 2. What are the clinical consequences of portal HTN? 3. What mechanisms are involved in the formation of ascites? [...] |
Portal HTN 1. What are the causes of portal HTN? 2. What are the clinical consequences of portal HTN? 3. What mechanisms are involved in the formation of ascites? 1. 2. 3. |
| 226.1 | CBB ECG 1. Describe and interpret this ECG? [...] 2. Important medications that should be prescribed? 3. Immediate complications?  |
CBB ECG 1. Describe and interpret this ECG? 2. Important medications that should be prescribed? 3. Immediate complications?  |
| 226.2 | CBB ECG 1. Describe and interpret this ECG? 2. Important medications that should be prescribed? [...] 3. Immediate complications? |
CBB ECG 1. Describe and interpret this ECG? 2. Important medications that should be prescribed? 3. Immediate complications? |
| 226.3 | CBB ECG 1. Describe and interpret this ECG? 2. Important medications that should be prescribed? 3. Immediate complications? [...] |
CBB ECG 1. Describe and interpret this ECG? 2. Important medications that should be prescribed? 3. Immediate complications? |
| 227.1 | CV Physiology 1. Describe the conducting system of the heart? [...] 2. Describe the phasses of the cardiac cycle that produce the waves and segments in a normal ECG? 3. How do membrane in infarcted myocytes cause ST elevation? |
CV Physiology 1. Describe the conducting system of the heart? 2. Describe the phasses of the cardiac cycle that produce the waves and segments in a normal ECG? 3. How do membrane in infarcted myocytes cause ST elevation? 1.  2.  3.   |
| 227.2 | CV Physiology 1. Describe the conducting system of the heart? 2. Describe the phasses of the cardiac cycle that produce the waves and segments in a normal ECG? [...] 3. How do membrane in infarcted myocytes cause ST elevation? |
CV Physiology 1. Describe the conducting system of the heart? 2. Describe the phasses of the cardiac cycle that produce the waves and segments in a normal ECG? 3. How do membrane in infarcted myocytes cause ST elevation? 1. 2. 3. |
| 227.3 | CV Physiology 1. Describe the conducting system of the heart? 2. Describe the phasses of the cardiac cycle that produce the waves and segments in a normal ECG? 3. How do membrane in infarcted myocytes cause ST elevation? [...] |
CV Physiology 1. Describe the conducting system of the heart? 2. Describe the phasses of the cardiac cycle that produce the waves and segments in a normal ECG? 3. How do membrane in infarcted myocytes cause ST elevation? 1. 2. 3. |
| 228.1 | CBB - Ankle XR   1. Describe and interpret this xr? [...] 2. What clinical findings would you look for on examination? 3. What are the immediate clinical issues to address with this injury? |
CBB - Ankle XR 1. Describe and interpret this xr? 2. What clinical findings would you look for on examination? 3. What are the immediate clinical issues to address with this injury? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 228.2 | CBB - Ankle XR 1. Describe and interpret this xr? 2. What clinical findings would you look for on examination? [...] 3. What are the immediate clinical issues to address with this injury? |
CBB - Ankle XR 1. Describe and interpret this xr? 2. What clinical findings would you look for on examination? 3. What are the immediate clinical issues to address with this injury? 1. 2. 3. |
| 228.3 | CBB - Ankle XR 1. Describe and interpret this xr? 2. What clinical findings would you look for on examination? 3. What are the immediate clinical issues to address with this injury? [...] |
CBB - Ankle XR 1. Describe and interpret this xr? 2. What clinical findings would you look for on examination? 3. What are the immediate clinical issues to address with this injury? 1. 2. 3. |
| 229.1 | CBB - Elbow XR  1. Describe the xray? [...] 2. What structures are at risk in this injury? 3. Describe sensory changes you would expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? |
CBB - Elbow XR 1. Describe the xray? 2. What structures are at risk in this injury? 3. Describe sensory changes you would expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow?  |
| 229.2 | CBB - Elbow XR 1. Describe the xray? 2. What structures are at risk in this injury? [...] 3. Describe sensory changes you would expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? |
CBB - Elbow XR 1. Describe the xray? 2. What structures are at risk in this injury? 3. Describe sensory changes you would expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? |
| 229.3 | CBB - Elbow XR 1. Describe the xray? 2. What structures are at risk in this injury? 3. Describe sensory changes you would expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? [...] |
CBB - Elbow XR 1. Describe the xray? 2. What structures are at risk in this injury? 3. Describe sensory changes you would expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? |
| 230.1 | CBB   1. Describe and interpret this patients wrist xray? [...] 2. What features would prompt you to consider reducing this fracture in ED? 3. What are the short and long term complications of this fracture? |
CBB 1. Describe and interpret this patients wrist xray? 2. What features would prompt you to consider reducing this fracture in ED? 3. What are the short and long term complications of this fracture? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 230.2 | CBB 1. Describe and interpret this patients wrist xray? 2. What features would prompt you to consider reducing this fracture in ED? [...] 3. What are the short and long term complications of this fracture? |
CBB 1. Describe and interpret this patients wrist xray? 2. What features would prompt you to consider reducing this fracture in ED? 3. What are the short and long term complications of this fracture? 1. 2. 3. |
| 230.3 | CBB 1. Describe and interpret this patients wrist xray? 2. What features would prompt you to consider reducing this fracture in ED? 3. What are the short and long term complications of this fracture? [...] |
CBB 1. Describe and interpret this patients wrist xray? 2. What features would prompt you to consider reducing this fracture in ED? 3. What are the short and long term complications of this fracture? 1. 2. 3. |
| 231.1 | Pulmonary blood flow 1. Describe the normal distribution of pulmonary blood flow? / (Describe distribution of blood flow in the lung of an upright subject at resst) [...] 2. How is the distribution of pulmonary blood flow actively controlled? 3. Please explain how cardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs? |
Pulmonary blood flow 1. Describe the normal distribution of pulmonary blood flow? / (Describe distribution of blood flow in the lung of an upright subject at resst) 2. How is the distribution of pulmonary blood flow actively controlled? 3. Please explain how cardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs? 1.    |
| 231.2 | Pulmonary blood flow 1. Describe the normal distribution of pulmonary blood flow? / (Describe distribution of blood flow in the lung of an upright subject at resst) 2. How is the distribution of pulmonary blood flow actively controlled? [...] 3. Please explain how cardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs? |
Pulmonary blood flow 1. Describe the normal distribution of pulmonary blood flow? / (Describe distribution of blood flow in the lung of an upright subject at resst) 2. How is the distribution of pulmonary blood flow actively controlled? 3. Please explain how cardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs? 1. |
| 231.3 | Pulmonary blood flow 1. Describe the normal distribution of pulmonary blood flow? / (Describe distribution of blood flow in the lung of an upright subject at resst) 2. How is the distribution of pulmonary blood flow actively controlled? 3. Please explain how cardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs? [...] |
Pulmonary blood flow 1. Describe the normal distribution of pulmonary blood flow? / (Describe distribution of blood flow in the lung of an upright subject at resst) 2. How is the distribution of pulmonary blood flow actively controlled? 3. Please explain how cardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs? 1. |
| 232.1 | 1. In an alveolus, what factors affect oxygenation? [...] 2. Describe the O2 uptake along a pulmonary capillary? 3. How does hypoxia affect oxygenation? |
1. In an alveolus, what factors affect oxygenation? 2. Describe the O2 uptake along a pulmonary capillary? 3. How does hypoxia affect oxygenation?  |
| 232.2 | 1. In an alveolus, what factors affect oxygenation? 2. Describe the O2 uptake along a pulmonary capillary? [...] 3. How does hypoxia affect oxygenation? |
1. In an alveolus, what factors affect oxygenation? 2. Describe the O2 uptake along a pulmonary capillary? 3. How does hypoxia affect oxygenation? |
| 232.3 | 1. In an alveolus, what factors affect oxygenation? 2. Describe the O2 uptake along a pulmonary capillary? 3. How does hypoxia affect oxygenation? [...] |
1. In an alveolus, what factors affect oxygenation? 2. Describe the O2 uptake along a pulmonary capillary? 3. How does hypoxia affect oxygenation? |
| 233.1 | 1. What factors influence the rate of O2 tarnsfer from alveolus into the pulmonary capillary? [...] 2. How do we measure diffusion capacity? 3. Examples of perfusion and diffusion limited gases? |
1. What factors influence the rate of O2 tarnsfer from alveolus into the pulmonary capillary? 2. How do we measure diffusion capacity? 3. Examples of perfusion and diffusion limited gases? 1.  2.  3. Perfusion limited - O2, N2O Diffusion limited - CO, CO2 |
| 233.2 | 1. What factors influence the rate of O2 tarnsfer from alveolus into the pulmonary capillary? 2. How do we measure diffusion capacity? [...] 3. Examples of perfusion and diffusion limited gases? |
1. What factors influence the rate of O2 tarnsfer from alveolus into the pulmonary capillary? 2. How do we measure diffusion capacity? 3. Examples of perfusion and diffusion limited gases? 1. 2. 3. Perfusion limited - O2, N2O Diffusion limited - CO, CO2 |
| 233.3 | 1. What factors influence the rate of O2 tarnsfer from alveolus into the pulmonary capillary? 2. How do we measure diffusion capacity? 3. Examples of perfusion and diffusion limited gases? [...] |
1. What factors influence the rate of O2 tarnsfer from alveolus into the pulmonary capillary? 2. How do we measure diffusion capacity? 3. Examples of perfusion and diffusion limited gases? 1. 2. 3. Perfusion limited - O2, N2O Diffusion limited - CO, CO2 |
| 234.1 | 1. What is the alveolar gas equation? [...] 2. How do you calculate the A-a gradient? 3. What is the physiological significance of the A-a gradient? |
1. What is the alveolar gas equation? 2. How do you calculate the A-a gradient? 3. What is the physiological significance of the A-a gradient?  |
| 234.2 | 1. What is the alveolar gas equation? 2. How do you calculate the A-a gradient? [...] 3. What is the physiological significance of the A-a gradient? |
1. What is the alveolar gas equation? 2. How do you calculate the A-a gradient? 3. What is the physiological significance of the A-a gradient? |
| 234.3 | 1. What is the alveolar gas equation? 2. How do you calculate the A-a gradient? 3. What is the physiological significance of the A-a gradient? [...] |
1. What is the alveolar gas equation? 2. How do you calculate the A-a gradient? 3. What is the physiological significance of the A-a gradient? |
| 235.1 | Altitude 1. What are the initial physiological responses at high altitude? [...] 2. What are the longer-term physiologic effects of altitude exposure? 3. Describe sx of acute mountain sickness? |
Altitude 1. What are the initial physiological responses at high altitude? 2. What are the longer-term physiologic effects of altitude exposure? 3. Describe sx of acute mountain sickness? 1.   2.  3.  |
| 235.2 | Altitude 1. What are the initial physiological responses at high altitude? 2. What are the longer-term physiologic effects of altitude exposure? [...] 3. Describe sx of acute mountain sickness? |
Altitude 1. What are the initial physiological responses at high altitude? 2. What are the longer-term physiologic effects of altitude exposure? 3. Describe sx of acute mountain sickness? 1. 2. 3. |
| 235.3 | Altitude 1. What are the initial physiological responses at high altitude? 2. What are the longer-term physiologic effects of altitude exposure? 3. Describe sx of acute mountain sickness? [...] |
Altitude 1. What are the initial physiological responses at high altitude? 2. What are the longer-term physiologic effects of altitude exposure? 3. Describe sx of acute mountain sickness? 1. 2. 3. |
| 236.1 | Airway resistance 1. What factors affect the radius of the airway? [...] 2. What factors determine airway resistance in th elung? 3. Define dynamic compression of airways and its effects on flow? |
Airway resistance 1. What factors affect the radius of the airway? 2. What factors determine airway resistance in th elung? 3. Define dynamic compression of airways and its effects on flow? 1.  2.     3.  |
| 236.2 | Airway resistance 1. What factors affect the radius of the airway? 2. What factors determine airway resistance in th elung? [...] 3. Define dynamic compression of airways and its effects on flow? |
Airway resistance 1. What factors affect the radius of the airway? 2. What factors determine airway resistance in th elung? 3. Define dynamic compression of airways and its effects on flow? 1. 2. 3. |
| 236.3 | Airway resistance 1. What factors affect the radius of the airway? 2. What factors determine airway resistance in th elung? 3. Define dynamic compression of airways and its effects on flow? [...] |
Airway resistance 1. What factors affect the radius of the airway? 2. What factors determine airway resistance in th elung? 3. Define dynamic compression of airways and its effects on flow? 1. 2. 3. |
| 237.1 | 1. Describe the mechanisms of venous return to the heart? [...] 2. What factors might effect the CVP? 3. What is the value of mean CVP in normal individuals? |
1. Describe the mechanisms of venous return to the heart? 2. What factors might effect the CVP? 3. What is the value of mean CVP in normal individuals?  |
| 237.2 | 1. Describe the mechanisms of venous return to the heart? 2. What factors might effect the CVP? [...] 3. What is the value of mean CVP in normal individuals? |
1. Describe the mechanisms of venous return to the heart? 2. What factors might effect the CVP? 3. What is the value of mean CVP in normal individuals? |
| 237.3 | 1. Describe the mechanisms of venous return to the heart? 2. What factors might effect the CVP? 3. What is the value of mean CVP in normal individuals? [...] |
1. Describe the mechanisms of venous return to the heart? 2. What factors might effect the CVP? 3. What is the value of mean CVP in normal individuals? |
| 238.1 | Cerebral blood flow 1. What factors affect CBF? [...] 2. MOA of cushing response? 3. What is MK doctrine? |
Cerebral blood flow 1. What factors affect CBF? 2. MOA of cushing response? 3. What is MK doctrine?   |
| 238.2 | Cerebral blood flow 1. What factors affect CBF? 2. MOA of cushing response? [...] 3. What is MK doctrine? |
Cerebral blood flow 1. What factors affect CBF? 2. MOA of cushing response? 3. What is MK doctrine? |
| 238.3 | Cerebral blood flow 1. What factors affect CBF? 2. MOA of cushing response? 3. What is MK doctrine? [...] |
Cerebral blood flow 1. What factors affect CBF? 2. MOA of cushing response? 3. What is MK doctrine? |
| 239.1 | Flecainide 1. MOA? [...] 2. PK? 3. C/I?? |
Flecainide 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. C/I?? 1.   |
| 239.2 | Flecainide 1. MOA? 2. PK? [...] 3. C/I?? |
Flecainide 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. C/I?? 1. |
| 239.3 | Flecainide 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. C/I?? [...] |
Flecainide 1. MOA? 2. PK? 3. C/I?? 1. |
| 240.1 | Verapamil 1. Describe effects on the heart? [...] 2. Indications? 3. Clinical adverse effects? |
Verapamil 1. Describe effects on the heart? 2. Indications? 3. Clinical adverse effects?  |
| 240.2 | Verapamil 1. Describe effects on the heart? 2. Indications? [...] 3. Clinical adverse effects? |
Verapamil 1. Describe effects on the heart? 2. Indications? 3. Clinical adverse effects? |
| 240.3 | Verapamil 1. Describe effects on the heart? 2. Indications? 3. Clinical adverse effects? [...] |
Verapamil 1. Describe effects on the heart? 2. Indications? 3. Clinical adverse effects? |
| 241.1 | HTN 1. List drugs used in hypertensive emergencies and sites of action [...] 2. PK of Na nitroprusside? 3. Nitropruiside toxicity? |
HTN 1. List drugs used in hypertensive emergencies and sites of action 2. PK of Na nitroprusside? 3. Nitropruiside toxicity? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 241.2 | HTN 1. List drugs used in hypertensive emergencies and sites of action 2. PK of Na nitroprusside? [...] 3. Nitropruiside toxicity? |
HTN 1. List drugs used in hypertensive emergencies and sites of action 2. PK of Na nitroprusside? 3. Nitropruiside toxicity? 1. 2. 3. |
| 241.3 | HTN 1. List drugs used in hypertensive emergencies and sites of action 2. PK of Na nitroprusside? 3. Nitropruiside toxicity? [...] |
HTN 1. List drugs used in hypertensive emergencies and sites of action 2. PK of Na nitroprusside? 3. Nitropruiside toxicity? 1. 2. 3. |
| 242.1 | Clavicle 1. Demonstrate the muscular attachments of this bone? [...] 2. What are the anatomical relations of the medial third of the clavicle? 3. Describe the course of the subclavian vein? |
Clavicle 1. Demonstrate the muscular attachments of this bone? 2. What are the anatomical relations of the medial third of the clavicle? 3. Describe the course of the subclavian vein?  |
| 242.2 | Clavicle 1. Demonstrate the muscular attachments of this bone? 2. What are the anatomical relations of the medial third of the clavicle? [...] 3. Describe the course of the subclavian vein? |
Clavicle 1. Demonstrate the muscular attachments of this bone? 2. What are the anatomical relations of the medial third of the clavicle? 3. Describe the course of the subclavian vein? |
| 242.3 | Clavicle 1. Demonstrate the muscular attachments of this bone? 2. What are the anatomical relations of the medial third of the clavicle? 3. Describe the course of the subclavian vein? [...] |
Clavicle 1. Demonstrate the muscular attachments of this bone? 2. What are the anatomical relations of the medial third of the clavicle? 3. Describe the course of the subclavian vein? |
| 243.1 | Ulnar nerve 1. Describe the course of the ulnar nerve around the elbow? [...] 2. What clinical findings would you expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? 3. houw would you differentiate an ulnar nerve lesion at the elbow from one at the wrist? |
Ulnar nerve 1. Describe the course of the ulnar nerve around the elbow? 2. What clinical findings would you expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? 3. houw would you differentiate an ulnar nerve lesion at the elbow from one at the wrist?  |
| 243.2 | Ulnar nerve 1. Describe the course of the ulnar nerve around the elbow? 2. What clinical findings would you expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? [...] 3. houw would you differentiate an ulnar nerve lesion at the elbow from one at the wrist? |
Ulnar nerve 1. Describe the course of the ulnar nerve around the elbow? 2. What clinical findings would you expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? 3. houw would you differentiate an ulnar nerve lesion at the elbow from one at the wrist? |
| 243.3 | Ulnar nerve 1. Describe the course of the ulnar nerve around the elbow? 2. What clinical findings would you expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? 3. houw would you differentiate an ulnar nerve lesion at the elbow from one at the wrist? [...] |
Ulnar nerve 1. Describe the course of the ulnar nerve around the elbow? 2. What clinical findings would you expect if the ulnar nerve is injured at the elbow? 3. houw would you differentiate an ulnar nerve lesion at the elbow from one at the wrist? |
| 244.1 | Lympatics of upper limb 1. Describe the drianage of the superficial lymphatics of the upper limb? [...] 2. Drainage of the deep lymphatics? 3. How do the right and left subclavian lymphaatic trunks drain? |
Lympatics of upper limb 1. Describe the drianage of the superficial lymphatics of the upper limb? 2. Drainage of the deep lymphatics? 3. How do the right and left subclavian lymphaatic trunks drain?  |
| 244.2 | Lympatics of upper limb 1. Describe the drianage of the superficial lymphatics of the upper limb? 2. Drainage of the deep lymphatics? [...] 3. How do the right and left subclavian lymphaatic trunks drain? |
Lympatics of upper limb 1. Describe the drianage of the superficial lymphatics of the upper limb? 2. Drainage of the deep lymphatics? 3. How do the right and left subclavian lymphaatic trunks drain? |
| 244.3 | Lympatics of upper limb 1. Describe the drianage of the superficial lymphatics of the upper limb? 2. Drainage of the deep lymphatics? 3. How do the right and left subclavian lymphaatic trunks drain? [...] |
Lympatics of upper limb 1. Describe the drianage of the superficial lymphatics of the upper limb? 2. Drainage of the deep lymphatics? 3. How do the right and left subclavian lymphaatic trunks drain? |
| 245.1 | Gout 1. What are the causes of gout? [...] 2. Describe the pathogenesis of acute gouty arthritis? 3. Descriibe the morphological features of gout? |
Gout 1. What are the causes of gout? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of acute gouty arthritis? 3. Descriibe the morphological features of gout? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 245.2 | Gout 1. What are the causes of gout? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of acute gouty arthritis? [...] 3. Descriibe the morphological features of gout? |
Gout 1. What are the causes of gout? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of acute gouty arthritis? 3. Descriibe the morphological features of gout? 1. 2. 3. |
| 245.3 | Gout 1. What are the causes of gout? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of acute gouty arthritis? 3. Descriibe the morphological features of gout? [...] |
Gout 1. What are the causes of gout? 2. Describe the pathogenesis of acute gouty arthritis? 3. Descriibe the morphological features of gout? 1. 2. 3. |
| 246.1 | 1. Describe two forms of pathological calcification and give an example of each? [...] 2. Describe the principal pathological causes of hypercalcaemia with some clinical examples? 3. What tissues are most commonly affected by metastatic calcification? |
1. Describe two forms of pathological calcification and give an example of each? 2. Describe the principal pathological causes of hypercalcaemia with some clinical examples? 3. What tissues are most commonly affected by metastatic calcification? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 246.2 | 1. Describe two forms of pathological calcification and give an example of each? 2. Describe the principal pathological causes of hypercalcaemia with some clinical examples? [...] 3. What tissues are most commonly affected by metastatic calcification? |
1. Describe two forms of pathological calcification and give an example of each? 2. Describe the principal pathological causes of hypercalcaemia with some clinical examples? 3. What tissues are most commonly affected by metastatic calcification? 1. 2. 3. |
| 246.3 | 1. Describe two forms of pathological calcification and give an example of each? 2. Describe the principal pathological causes of hypercalcaemia with some clinical examples? 3. What tissues are most commonly affected by metastatic calcification? [...] |
1. Describe two forms of pathological calcification and give an example of each? 2. Describe the principal pathological causes of hypercalcaemia with some clinical examples? 3. What tissues are most commonly affected by metastatic calcification? 1. 2. 3. |
| 247.1 | Cellular changes in acute ischaemia 1. Describe the morphological changes seen? [...] 2. Describe the mechanisms of ischaemic cell injury? 3. What is difference between ischaemic vs hypoxic cell injury? |
Cellular changes in acute ischaemia 1. Describe the morphological changes seen? 2. Describe the mechanisms of ischaemic cell injury? 3. What is difference between ischaemic vs hypoxic cell injury? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 247.2 | Cellular changes in acute ischaemia 1. Describe the morphological changes seen? 2. Describe the mechanisms of ischaemic cell injury? [...] 3. What is difference between ischaemic vs hypoxic cell injury? |
Cellular changes in acute ischaemia 1. Describe the morphological changes seen? 2. Describe the mechanisms of ischaemic cell injury? 3. What is difference between ischaemic vs hypoxic cell injury? 1. 2. 3. |
| 247.3 | Cellular changes in acute ischaemia 1. Describe the morphological changes seen? 2. Describe the mechanisms of ischaemic cell injury? 3. What is difference between ischaemic vs hypoxic cell injury? [...] |
Cellular changes in acute ischaemia 1. Describe the morphological changes seen? 2. Describe the mechanisms of ischaemic cell injury? 3. What is difference between ischaemic vs hypoxic cell injury? 1. 2. 3. |
| 248.1 | HF 1. Major causes [...] 2. Pathological process that occur in the myocardium in HF 3. Pathological changes seen in the liver secondary to HF |
HF 1. Major causes 2. Pathological process that occur in the myocardium in HF 3. Pathological changes seen in the liver secondary to HF  |
| 248.2 | HF 1. Major causes 2. Pathological process that occur in the myocardium in HF [...] 3. Pathological changes seen in the liver secondary to HF |
HF 1. Major causes 2. Pathological process that occur in the myocardium in HF 3. Pathological changes seen in the liver secondary to HF |
| 248.3 | HF 1. Major causes 2. Pathological process that occur in the myocardium in HF 3. Pathological changes seen in the liver secondary to HF [...] |
HF 1. Major causes 2. Pathological process that occur in the myocardium in HF 3. Pathological changes seen in the liver secondary to HF |
| 249.1 | Infective endocarditis 1. What factors predispose to infective endocarditis [...] 2. Which organisms commonly cause infective endocarditis 3. What are the complications of infective endocarditis? |
Infective endocarditis 1. What factors predispose to infective endocarditis 2. Which organisms commonly cause infective endocarditis 3. What are the complications of infective endocarditis? 1.2.3.  |
| 249.2 | Infective endocarditis 1. What factors predispose to infective endocarditis 2. Which organisms commonly cause infective endocarditis [...] 3. What are the complications of infective endocarditis? |
Infective endocarditis 1. What factors predispose to infective endocarditis 2. Which organisms commonly cause infective endocarditis 3. What are the complications of infective endocarditis? 1.2.3. |
| 249.3 | Infective endocarditis 1. What factors predispose to infective endocarditis 2. Which organisms commonly cause infective endocarditis 3. What are the complications of infective endocarditis? [...] |
Infective endocarditis 1. What factors predispose to infective endocarditis 2. Which organisms commonly cause infective endocarditis 3. What are the complications of infective endocarditis? 1.2.3. |
| 250.1 | Cor pulmonale 1. Definition [...] 2. Common causes of cor pulmonale 3. What are the major morphological features of cor pulmonale |
Cor pulmonale 1. Definition 2. Common causes of cor pulmonale 3. What are the major morphological features of cor pulmonale 1.  2.  3.  |
| 250.2 | Cor pulmonale 1. Definition 2. Common causes of cor pulmonale [...] 3. What are the major morphological features of cor pulmonale |
Cor pulmonale 1. Definition 2. Common causes of cor pulmonale 3. What are the major morphological features of cor pulmonale 1. 2. 3. |
| 250.3 | Cor pulmonale 1. Definition 2. Common causes of cor pulmonale 3. What are the major morphological features of cor pulmonale [...] |
Cor pulmonale 1. Definition 2. Common causes of cor pulmonale 3. What are the major morphological features of cor pulmonale 1. 2. 3. |
| 251.1 | Pericarditis 1. Describe characteristic clinical features [...] 2. What are the causes? 3. Types of pericardial fluid exudate? |
Pericarditis 1. Describe characteristic clinical features 2. What are the causes? 3. Types of pericardial fluid exudate? 1/  2.  3.  |
| 251.2 | Pericarditis 1. Describe characteristic clinical features 2. What are the causes? [...] 3. Types of pericardial fluid exudate? |
Pericarditis 1. Describe characteristic clinical features 2. What are the causes? 3. Types of pericardial fluid exudate? 1/ 2. 3. |
| 251.3 | Pericarditis 1. Describe characteristic clinical features 2. What are the causes? 3. Types of pericardial fluid exudate? [...] |
Pericarditis 1. Describe characteristic clinical features 2. What are the causes? 3. Types of pericardial fluid exudate? 1/ 2. 3. |
| 252.1 | Atherosclerosis 1. What systemic and local factors leading to atherosclerosis? [...] 2. Which arteries are most often affected? 3. How does an atherosclerotic plaque suddenly cause symptoms? |
Atherosclerosis 1. What systemic and local factors leading to atherosclerosis? 2. Which arteries are most often affected? 3. How does an atherosclerotic plaque suddenly cause symptoms? 1. DASH  2.  3.  |
| 252.2 | Atherosclerosis 1. What systemic and local factors leading to atherosclerosis? 2. Which arteries are most often affected? [...] 3. How does an atherosclerotic plaque suddenly cause symptoms? |
Atherosclerosis 1. What systemic and local factors leading to atherosclerosis? 2. Which arteries are most often affected? 3. How does an atherosclerotic plaque suddenly cause symptoms? 1. DASH 2. 3. |
| 252.3 | Atherosclerosis 1. What systemic and local factors leading to atherosclerosis? 2. Which arteries are most often affected? 3. How does an atherosclerotic plaque suddenly cause symptoms? [...] |
Atherosclerosis 1. What systemic and local factors leading to atherosclerosis? 2. Which arteries are most often affected? 3. How does an atherosclerotic plaque suddenly cause symptoms? 1. DASH 2. 3. |
| 253.1 | Aortic dissection 1. RFs and pathogenesis? [...] 2. How is it classified? 3. What are the potential consequences of aortic dissection and give examples |
Aortic dissection 1. RFs and pathogenesis? 2. How is it classified? 3. What are the potential consequences of aortic dissection and give examples 1. Essentially the same as aneurysm but involving a tear through the intimal layer  2.   3.   |
| 253.2 | Aortic dissection 1. RFs and pathogenesis? 2. How is it classified? [...] 3. What are the potential consequences of aortic dissection and give examples |
Aortic dissection 1. RFs and pathogenesis? 2. How is it classified? 3. What are the potential consequences of aortic dissection and give examples 1. Essentially the same as aneurysm but involving a tear through the intimal layer 2. 3. |
| 253.3 | Aortic dissection 1. RFs and pathogenesis? 2. How is it classified? 3. What are the potential consequences of aortic dissection and give examples [...] |
Aortic dissection 1. RFs and pathogenesis? 2. How is it classified? 3. What are the potential consequences of aortic dissection and give examples 1. Essentially the same as aneurysm but involving a tear through the intimal layer 2. 3. |
| 254.1 | Asthma - Pharm 1. Outline the groups of drugs that might be used in asthma and give an example of each? [...] 2. Outline the mechanism of action of corticosteroids in asthma and side effect? 3. MOA of cromoglycate and clinical uses? |
Asthma - Pharm 1. Outline the groups of drugs that might be used in asthma and give an example of each? 2. Outline the mechanism of action of corticosteroids in asthma and side effect? 3. MOA of cromoglycate and clinical uses? 1.  2.    3.   |
| 254.2 | Asthma - Pharm 1. Outline the groups of drugs that might be used in asthma and give an example of each? 2. Outline the mechanism of action of corticosteroids in asthma and side effect? [...] 3. MOA of cromoglycate and clinical uses? |
Asthma - Pharm 1. Outline the groups of drugs that might be used in asthma and give an example of each? 2. Outline the mechanism of action of corticosteroids in asthma and side effect? 3. MOA of cromoglycate and clinical uses? 1. 2. 3. |
| 254.3 | Asthma - Pharm 1. Outline the groups of drugs that might be used in asthma and give an example of each? 2. Outline the mechanism of action of corticosteroids in asthma and side effect? 3. MOA of cromoglycate and clinical uses? [...] |
Asthma - Pharm 1. Outline the groups of drugs that might be used in asthma and give an example of each? 2. Outline the mechanism of action of corticosteroids in asthma and side effect? 3. MOA of cromoglycate and clinical uses? 1. 2. 3. |
| 255.1 | Thyroid hormones 1. How are thyroid hormones regulated? Describe the feedback mechanism and what factors affect the secretion [...] 2. Other than cardiovascular, what are the physiological effects of thyroid hormones? 3. Mechanism of action..? |
Thyroid hormones 1. How are thyroid hormones regulated? Describe the feedback mechanism and what factors affect the secretion 2. Other than cardiovascular, what are the physiological effects of thyroid hormones? 3. Mechanism of action..? 1.  2.   3.  |
| 255.2 | Thyroid hormones 1. How are thyroid hormones regulated? Describe the feedback mechanism and what factors affect the secretion 2. Other than cardiovascular, what are the physiological effects of thyroid hormones? [...] 3. Mechanism of action..? |
Thyroid hormones 1. How are thyroid hormones regulated? Describe the feedback mechanism and what factors affect the secretion 2. Other than cardiovascular, what are the physiological effects of thyroid hormones? 3. Mechanism of action..? 1. 2. 3. |
| 255.3 | Thyroid hormones 1. How are thyroid hormones regulated? Describe the feedback mechanism and what factors affect the secretion 2. Other than cardiovascular, what are the physiological effects of thyroid hormones? 3. Mechanism of action..? [...] |
Thyroid hormones 1. How are thyroid hormones regulated? Describe the feedback mechanism and what factors affect the secretion 2. Other than cardiovascular, what are the physiological effects of thyroid hormones? 3. Mechanism of action..? 1. 2. 3. |
| 256.1 | Anterior triangle of neck 1. What is the boundary [...] 2. What strucutres are at risk during insertion of an IJ line? 3. Describe the course of the internal jugular vein |
Anterior triangle of neck 1. What is the boundary 2. What strucutres are at risk during insertion of an IJ line? 3. Describe the course of the internal jugular vein  |
| 256.2 | Anterior triangle of neck 1. What is the boundary 2. What strucutres are at risk during insertion of an IJ line? [...] 3. Describe the course of the internal jugular vein |
Anterior triangle of neck 1. What is the boundary 2. What strucutres are at risk during insertion of an IJ line? 3. Describe the course of the internal jugular vein |
| 256.3 | Anterior triangle of neck 1. What is the boundary 2. What strucutres are at risk during insertion of an IJ line? 3. Describe the course of the internal jugular vein [...] |
Anterior triangle of neck 1. What is the boundary 2. What strucutres are at risk during insertion of an IJ line? 3. Describe the course of the internal jugular vein |
| 257.1 | CO2 1. How is CO2 transporte din the blood? [...] 2. What is chloride shift? 3. What is the haldane effect in the peripheral circulation? (Bohr) |
CO2 1. How is CO2 transporte din the blood? 2. What is chloride shift? 3. What is the haldane effect in the peripheral circulation? (Bohr) 1.  2.  3.    |
| 257.2 | CO2 1. How is CO2 transporte din the blood? 2. What is chloride shift? [...] 3. What is the haldane effect in the peripheral circulation? (Bohr) |
CO2 1. How is CO2 transporte din the blood? 2. What is chloride shift? 3. What is the haldane effect in the peripheral circulation? (Bohr) 1. 2. 3. |
| 257.3 | CO2 1. How is CO2 transporte din the blood? 2. What is chloride shift? 3. What is the haldane effect in the peripheral circulation? (Bohr) [...] |
CO2 1. How is CO2 transporte din the blood? 2. What is chloride shift? 3. What is the haldane effect in the peripheral circulation? (Bohr) 1. 2. 3. |
| 258.1 | Infarct 1. What is an infarct? [...] 2. What mechanisms lead to an infarction? 3. What factors determine the development of an infarct? |
Infarct 1. What is an infarct? 2. What mechanisms lead to an infarction? 3. What factors determine the development of an infarct? 1.  2.  3.  |
| 258.2 | Infarct 1. What is an infarct? 2. What mechanisms lead to an infarction? [...] 3. What factors determine the development of an infarct? |
Infarct 1. What is an infarct? 2. What mechanisms lead to an infarction? 3. What factors determine the development of an infarct? 1. 2. 3. |
| 258.3 | Infarct 1. What is an infarct? 2. What mechanisms lead to an infarction? 3. What factors determine the development of an infarct? [...] |
Infarct 1. What is an infarct? 2. What mechanisms lead to an infarction? 3. What factors determine the development of an infarct? 1. 2. 3. |
| 259.1 | Embolus 1. What is an embolus and different types of embolus? [...] 2. What is systemi thromboembolism and from where do they arise and where do they lodge? 3. Where does venous thrombi tend to lodge? |
Embolus 1. What is an embolus and different types of embolus? 2. What is systemi thromboembolism and from where do they arise and where do they lodge? 3. Where does venous thrombi tend to lodge? 1.   2.  3. one vascular bed - typically lung |
| 259.2 | Embolus 1. What is an embolus and different types of embolus? 2. What is systemi thromboembolism and from where do they arise and where do they lodge? [...] 3. Where does venous thrombi tend to lodge? |
Embolus 1. What is an embolus and different types of embolus? 2. What is systemi thromboembolism and from where do they arise and where do they lodge? 3. Where does venous thrombi tend to lodge? 1. 2. 3. one vascular bed - typically lung |
| 259.3 | Embolus 1. What is an embolus and different types of embolus? 2. What is systemi thromboembolism and from where do they arise and where do they lodge? 3. Where does venous thrombi tend to lodge? [...] |
Embolus 1. What is an embolus and different types of embolus? 2. What is systemi thromboembolism and from where do they arise and where do they lodge? 3. Where does venous thrombi tend to lodge? 1. 2. 3. one vascular bed - typically lung |
| 260.1 | Thrombosis 1. What pathological mehcnaims may contribute to venous thrombus formation in a vessel? [...] 2. What are some of the different RFs for venous thrombosis? 3. What are possible outcomes of venous thrombus in a vessel? |
Thrombosis 1. What pathological mehcnaims may contribute to venous thrombus formation in a vessel? 2. What are some of the different RFs for venous thrombosis? 3. What are possible outcomes of venous thrombus in a vessel? 1.  2. Primary vs acquired  3. Propogation Embolisation Dissolution Organisation Recanalisation  |
| 260.2 | Thrombosis 1. What pathological mehcnaims may contribute to venous thrombus formation in a vessel? 2. What are some of the different RFs for venous thrombosis? [...] 3. What are possible outcomes of venous thrombus in a vessel? |
Thrombosis 1. What pathological mehcnaims may contribute to venous thrombus formation in a vessel? 2. What are some of the different RFs for venous thrombosis? 3. What are possible outcomes of venous thrombus in a vessel? 1. 2. Primary vs acquired 3. Propogation Embolisation Dissolution Organisation Recanalisation |
| 260.3 | Thrombosis 1. What pathological mehcnaims may contribute to venous thrombus formation in a vessel? 2. What are some of the different RFs for venous thrombosis? 3. What are possible outcomes of venous thrombus in a vessel? [...] |
Thrombosis 1. What pathological mehcnaims may contribute to venous thrombus formation in a vessel? 2. What are some of the different RFs for venous thrombosis? 3. What are possible outcomes of venous thrombus in a vessel? 1. 2. Primary vs acquired 3. Propogation Embolisation Dissolution Organisation Recanalisation |
| 261.1 | Radial nerve - what it runs under and what it supplies 1. in the axilla [...] 2. in the arm 3. in the forearm do all 3 together for C2 |
Radial nerve - what it runs under and what it supplies 1. in the axilla 2. in the arm 3. in the forearm do all 3 together for C2 1.  2.  3.  |
| 261.2 | Radial nerve - what it runs under and what it supplies 1. in the axilla 2. in the arm [all 3] 3. in the forearm do all 3 together for C2 |
Radial nerve - what it runs under and what it supplies 1. in the axilla 2. in the arm 3. in the forearm do all 3 together for C2 1. 2. 3. |
| 261.3 | Radial nerve - what it runs under and what it supplies 1. in the axilla 2. in the arm 3. in the forearm [...] do all 3 together for C2 |
Radial nerve - what it runs under and what it supplies 1. in the axilla 2. in the arm 3. in the forearm do all 3 together for C2 1. 2. 3. |
| 262.1 | 1. Describe the role of complement in inflammation [...] 2. Mediators of inflammation and their actions 3. mediators of fever and pain and tissue damage |
1. Describe the role of complement in inflammation 2. Mediators of inflammation and their actions 3. mediators of fever and pain and tissue damage  2.  Hot Pizza - vasodilation High School C5 Leaks - vasc permeability Take It to the Chem Lab - chemotaxis and wbc activation Fever Is Terribly Painful - pain 3. Fever Is Terribly Painful IL1, TNF, PGs |
| 262.2 | 1. Describe the role of complement in inflammation 2. Mediators of inflammation and their actions [...] 3. mediators of fever and pain and tissue damage |
1. Describe the role of complement in inflammation 2. Mediators of inflammation and their actions 3. mediators of fever and pain and tissue damage 2. Hot Pizza - vasodilation High School C5 Leaks - vasc permeability Take It to the Chem Lab - chemotaxis and wbc activation Fever Is Terribly Painful - pain 3. Fever Is Terribly Painful IL1, TNF, PGs |
| 262.3 | 1. Describe the role of complement in inflammation 2. Mediators of inflammation and their actions 3. mediators of fever and pain and tissue damage [...] |
1. Describe the role of complement in inflammation 2. Mediators of inflammation and their actions 3. mediators of fever and pain and tissue damage 2. Hot Pizza - vasodilation High School C5 Leaks - vasc permeability Take It to the Chem Lab - chemotaxis and wbc activation Fever Is Terribly Painful - pain 3. Fever Is Terribly Painful IL1, TNF, PGs |
| 263.1 | Osteoporosis 1. definition [...] 2. predisposing conditions 3. complications of osteoporosis 4. |
Osteoporosis 1. definition 2. predisposing conditions 3. complications of osteoporosis 4.  |
| 263.2 | Osteoporosis 1. definition 2. predisposing conditions [...] 3. complications of osteoporosis 4. |
Osteoporosis 1. definition 2. predisposing conditions 3. complications of osteoporosis 4. |
| 263.3 | Osteoporosis 1. definition 2. predisposing conditions 3. complications of osteoporosis [...] 4. |
Osteoporosis 1. definition 2. predisposing conditions 3. complications of osteoporosis 4. |
| 264.1 | Cerebral abscess path 1. Describe pathogenesis and time course? [...] 2. CT findings? |
Cerebral abscess path 1. Describe pathogenesis and time course? 2. CT findings? 1.  2.  |
| 264.2 | Cerebral abscess path 1. Describe pathogenesis and time course? 2. CT findings? [...] |
Cerebral abscess path 1. Describe pathogenesis and time course? 2. CT findings? 1. 2. |
| 265.1 | Warfarin
|
Warfarin
|
| 265.2 | Warfarin
|
Warfarin
|
| 266.1 |
|
|
| 266.2 |
|
|
| 267.1 | Atropine elimination
|
Atropine elimination
|
| 267.2 | Atropine elimination
|
Atropine elimination
|
| 268.1 | Mechanism of paracetamol toxicity
|
Mechanism of paracetamol toxicity
|
| 268.2 | Mechanism of paracetamol toxicity
|
Mechanism of paracetamol toxicity
|
| 269.1 | 1. Describe the course of the ureters? [...] 2. What are the 3 narrowest points? |
1. Describe the course of the ureters? 2. What are the 3 narrowest points? 1.  2.  |
| 269.2 | 1. Describe the course of the ureters? 2. What are the 3 narrowest points? [...] |
1. Describe the course of the ureters? 2. What are the 3 narrowest points? 1. 2. |
| 270.1 | 1. Identify this bone and demonstrate its features? [...]  2. Describe the neurovascular relations of this bone? |
1. Identify this bone and demonstrate its features? 2. Describe the neurovascular relations of this bone? 1. to identify side, use the superior surface with the grooves   2.   |
| 270.2 | 1. Identify this bone and demonstrate its features? 2. Describe the neurovascular relations of this bone? [...] |
1. Identify this bone and demonstrate its features? 2. Describe the neurovascular relations of this bone? 1. to identify side, use the superior surface with the grooves 2. |
| 271.1 | 1. Describe the cell types in the glomerulus and their functions? [...] 2. What properties of substances in the blood prevent free passage across the glomerular membrane? |
1. Describe the cell types in the glomerulus and their functions? 2. What properties of substances in the blood prevent free passage across the glomerular membrane? 1.   2.  |
| 271.2 | 1. Describe the cell types in the glomerulus and their functions? 2. What properties of substances in the blood prevent free passage across the glomerular membrane? [...] |
1. Describe the cell types in the glomerulus and their functions? 2. What properties of substances in the blood prevent free passage across the glomerular membrane? 1. 2. |
| 272.1 | 1. Mechanisms of pulmonary vascular resistance during exercise? [...] 2. Other factors influencing PVR? |
1. Mechanisms of pulmonary vascular resistance during exercise? 2. Other factors influencing PVR? 1.  2.  |
| 272.2 | 1. Mechanisms of pulmonary vascular resistance during exercise? 2. Other factors influencing PVR? [...] |
1. Mechanisms of pulmonary vascular resistance during exercise? 2. Other factors influencing PVR? 1. 2. |
| 273.1 | Serotonin 1. FUnctions? [...] 2. Steps in synthesis and catabolism? |
Serotonin 1. FUnctions? 2. Steps in synthesis and catabolism? 1.  2.  |
| 273.2 | Serotonin 1. FUnctions? 2. Steps in synthesis and catabolism? [...] |
Serotonin 1. FUnctions? 2. Steps in synthesis and catabolism? 1. 2. |
| 274.1 | Deafness 1. What are the two major mechanisms of deafness? [...] 2. Explaine these causes in physiological terms and give examples? |
Deafness 1. What are the two major mechanisms of deafness? 2. Explaine these causes in physiological terms and give examples? 1+2  |
| 274.2 | Deafness 1. What are the two major mechanisms of deafness? 2. Explaine these causes in physiological terms and give examples? [...] |
Deafness 1. What are the two major mechanisms of deafness? 2. Explaine these causes in physiological terms and give examples? 1+2 |
| 275.1 | GIT handling of water and electrolytes 1. Mechanisms and absorption of water and electrolytes in the GIT? [...] 2. Mechanisms of secretion? |
GIT handling of water and electrolytes 1. Mechanisms and absorption of water and electrolytes in the GIT? 2. Mechanisms of secretion? 1.  2. |
| 275.2 | GIT handling of water and electrolytes 1. Mechanisms and absorption of water and electrolytes in the GIT? 2. Mechanisms of secretion? [...] |
GIT handling of water and electrolytes 1. Mechanisms and absorption of water and electrolytes in the GIT? 2. Mechanisms of secretion? 1. 2. |
| 276.1 | Menstrual Cycle 1. Primary hormones and where they are released and what it acts on? [...] 2. Phases? |
Menstrual Cycle 1. Primary hormones and where they are released and what it acts on? 2. Phases? 1. Hypothalamus - GnRH -> AP - FSH+LH -> Ovary -> Progesterone+Oestrogen FSH-> stimulates follicular development LH -> causes ovulation Oestrogen -> development of 2ndary sexual tissue; -ve feedback to GnRH and FSH&LH Progesterone from the corpus luteum, maintains endometrium if fertilised, the ovum secrets HCG which maintains the corpus luteum 2.  |
| 276.2 | Menstrual Cycle 1. Primary hormones and where they are released and what it acts on? 2. Phases? [...] |
Menstrual Cycle 1. Primary hormones and where they are released and what it acts on? 2. Phases? 1. Hypothalamus - GnRH -> AP - FSH+LH -> Ovary -> Progesterone+Oestrogen FSH-> stimulates follicular development LH -> causes ovulation Oestrogen -> development of 2ndary sexual tissue; -ve feedback to GnRH and FSH&LH Progesterone from the corpus luteum, maintains endometrium if fertilised, the ovum secrets HCG which maintains the corpus luteum 2. |
| 277.1 | Transplyoric plane 1. Where is it? [...] 2. What anatomical structures located here? |
Transplyoric plane 1. Where is it? 2. What anatomical structures located here? 1.  2.  |
| 277.2 | Transplyoric plane 1. Where is it? 2. What anatomical structures located here? [...] |
Transplyoric plane 1. Where is it? 2. What anatomical structures located here? 1. 2. |
| 278.1 | 1. Describe the portal-systemic anastmoses? [...] 2. When does this become significant? |
1. Describe the portal-systemic anastmoses? 2. When does this become significant? 1.   2.  |
| 278.2 | 1. Describe the portal-systemic anastmoses? 2. When does this become significant? [...] |
1. Describe the portal-systemic anastmoses? 2. When does this become significant? 1. 2. |
| 279.1 | Lumbar vertebrae 1. Ligaments? [...] 2. What contributes to its stability? |
Lumbar vertebrae 1. Ligaments? 2. What contributes to its stability? 1.  2.  |
| 279.2 | Lumbar vertebrae 1. Ligaments? 2. What contributes to its stability? [...] |
Lumbar vertebrae 1. Ligaments? 2. What contributes to its stability? 1. 2. |
| 280.1 | 1. Sensory supply of the face? [...] 2. Motor supply to the facial muscles? |
1. Sensory supply of the face? 2. Motor supply to the facial muscles? 1.   2.   |
| 280.2 | 1. Sensory supply of the face? 2. Motor supply to the facial muscles? [...] |
1. Sensory supply of the face? 2. Motor supply to the facial muscles? 1. 2. |
| 281.1 | Mandible 1. Which nerve passes within this bone and demonstrate the entery and exit points? [...] 2. What nerve does it arise from? |
Mandible 1. Which nerve passes within this bone and demonstrate the entery and exit points? 2. What nerve does it arise from?   |
| 281.2 | Mandible 1. Which nerve passes within this bone and demonstrate the entery and exit points? 2. What nerve does it arise from? [...] |
Mandible 1. Which nerve passes within this bone and demonstrate the entery and exit points? 2. What nerve does it arise from? |
| 282.1 | Dehydration 1. What are the physiological effects? [...] 2. Describe the effects of rapid IV infusion of 1000ml of N.Saline? |
Dehydration 1. What are the physiological effects? 2. Describe the effects of rapid IV infusion of 1000ml of N.Saline? 1.  2.  |
| 282.2 | Dehydration 1. What are the physiological effects? 2. Describe the effects of rapid IV infusion of 1000ml of N.Saline? [...] |
Dehydration 1. What are the physiological effects? 2. Describe the effects of rapid IV infusion of 1000ml of N.Saline? 1. 2. |
| 283.1 | Methadone 1. How does it differ from morphine and fentanyl? [...] 2. How does buprenorphine compare? |
Methadone 1. How does it differ from morphine and fentanyl? 2. How does buprenorphine compare? 1.  2.  |
| 283.2 | Methadone 1. How does it differ from morphine and fentanyl? 2. How does buprenorphine compare? [...] |
Methadone 1. How does it differ from morphine and fentanyl? 2. How does buprenorphine compare? 1. 2. |
| 284.1 | Oxycodone 1. PK? [...] 2. MOA? |
Oxycodone 1. PK? 2. MOA? 1.   2.  |
| 284.2 | Oxycodone 1. PK? 2. MOA? [...] |
Oxycodone 1. PK? 2. MOA? 1. 2. |
| 285.1 | Colchicine 1. MOA of? [...] 2. Indications? |
Colchicine 1. MOA of? 2. Indications? 1.  2.  |
| 285.2 | Colchicine 1. MOA of? 2. Indications? [...] |
Colchicine 1. MOA of? 2. Indications? 1. 2. |
| 286.1 | 1. What are the effects of hydrocort? [...] 2. Effects of chronic steroid use? |
1. What are the effects of hydrocort? 2. Effects of chronic steroid use? 1.  2. Brain - neuropsych symptoms Eyes - cataracts Face - moon face, weight gain Thyroid - Heart - HTN Lung Liver - gluconeogenesis and hyperglycaemia Stomach - peptic ulcers Kidney - Skin - poor wound healing Bone - osteoporosis |
| 286.2 | 1. What are the effects of hydrocort? 2. Effects of chronic steroid use? [...] |
1. What are the effects of hydrocort? 2. Effects of chronic steroid use? 1. 2. Brain - neuropsych symptoms Eyes - cataracts Face - moon face, weight gain Thyroid - Heart - HTN Lung Liver - gluconeogenesis and hyperglycaemia Stomach - peptic ulcers Kidney - Skin - poor wound healing Bone - osteoporosis |
| 287.1 | TB drugs 1. In treatment of a new case of TB, what are the important principles of drug use? [...] 2. PK of rifampicin? |
TB drugs 1. In treatment of a new case of TB, what are the important principles of drug use? 2. PK of rifampicin? 1.  2.  |
| 287.2 | TB drugs 1. In treatment of a new case of TB, what are the important principles of drug use? 2. PK of rifampicin? [...] |
TB drugs 1. In treatment of a new case of TB, what are the important principles of drug use? 2. PK of rifampicin? 1. 2. |
| 288.1 | Abx for staph infections 1. What classes of abx are used in the rx of staphylococcal infections? [...] 2. What are the adverse effects of vancomycin? |
Abx for staph infections 1. What classes of abx are used in the rx of staphylococcal infections? 2. What are the adverse effects of vancomycin? 1.  2.  |
| 288.2 | Abx for staph infections 1. What classes of abx are used in the rx of staphylococcal infections? 2. What are the adverse effects of vancomycin? [...] |
Abx for staph infections 1. What classes of abx are used in the rx of staphylococcal infections? 2. What are the adverse effects of vancomycin? 1. 2. |
| 289.1 | 1. What is bioavailability? [...] 2. What is the bioavailability of ibuprofen? |
1. What is bioavailability? 2. What is the bioavailability of ibuprofen? 1.  2.  |
| 289.2 | 1. What is bioavailability? 2. What is the bioavailability of ibuprofen? [...] |
1. What is bioavailability? 2. What is the bioavailability of ibuprofen? 1. 2. |
| 290.1 | Second messengers 1. What are the steps in activation of a second messenger? [...] 2. Give an example of a second messenger and what type of response it produces? |
Second messengers 1. What are the steps in activation of a second messenger? 2. Give an example of a second messenger and what type of response it produces? 1.  2.  |
| 290.2 | Second messengers 1. What are the steps in activation of a second messenger? 2. Give an example of a second messenger and what type of response it produces? [...] |
Second messengers 1. What are the steps in activation of a second messenger? 2. Give an example of a second messenger and what type of response it produces? 1. 2. |
| 291.1 | 1. List factors which contribute to the variation in the response to a drug? [...] 2. What mechanisms are involved? |
1. List factors which contribute to the variation in the response to a drug? 2. What mechanisms are involved? 1.  2.  |
| 291.2 | 1. List factors which contribute to the variation in the response to a drug? 2. What mechanisms are involved? [...] |
1. List factors which contribute to the variation in the response to a drug? 2. What mechanisms are involved? 1. 2. |
| 292.1 | 1. In a synapse, where can inhibition occur? [...] 2. What are the mechanisms involved? |
1. In a synapse, where can inhibition occur? 2. What are the mechanisms involved? 1.  2.  |
| 292.2 | 1. In a synapse, where can inhibition occur? 2. What are the mechanisms involved? [...] |
1. In a synapse, where can inhibition occur? 2. What are the mechanisms involved? 1. 2. |
| 293.1 | 1. What is passive immunisation and when is it useful for? [...] 2. What passive immunisations might we consider in ED? |
1. What is passive immunisation and when is it useful for? 2. What passive immunisations might we consider in ED? 1.  2.  |
| 293.2 | 1. What is passive immunisation and when is it useful for? 2. What passive immunisations might we consider in ED? [...] |
1. What is passive immunisation and when is it useful for? 2. What passive immunisations might we consider in ED? 1. 2. |
| 294.1 | vWF 1. What are the haematological and clinical effects of vWF disease? [...] 2. Describe the types? |
vWF 1. What are the haematological and clinical effects of vWF disease? 2. Describe the types? 1.  2.  |
| 294.2 | vWF 1. What are the haematological and clinical effects of vWF disease? 2. Describe the types? [...] |
vWF 1. What are the haematological and clinical effects of vWF disease? 2. Describe the types? 1. 2. |
| 295.1 | HIV 1. What are the major pathological sequelae of HIV infection? [...] 2. What are the modes of transmission? |
HIV 1. What are the major pathological sequelae of HIV infection? 2. What are the modes of transmission? 1.  2.  |
| 295.2 | HIV 1. What are the major pathological sequelae of HIV infection? 2. What are the modes of transmission? [...] |
HIV 1. What are the major pathological sequelae of HIV infection? 2. What are the modes of transmission? 1. 2. |
| 296.1 | Candida 1. What is the clincal spetrum of candida infection? [...] 2. What mechanisms enable candida to cause disease? |
Candida 1. What is the clincal spetrum of candida infection? 2. What mechanisms enable candida to cause disease? 1.  2.  |
| 296.2 | Candida 1. What is the clincal spetrum of candida infection? 2. What mechanisms enable candida to cause disease? [...] |
Candida 1. What is the clincal spetrum of candida infection? 2. What mechanisms enable candida to cause disease? 1. 2. |
| 297.1 | Staph aureus 1. Name some common bacteria that cause wound infections? [...] 2. What diseas are caused by staph aureus? |
Staph aureus 1. Name some common bacteria that cause wound infections? 2. What diseas are caused by staph aureus? 1.  2.  |
| 297.2 | Staph aureus 1. Name some common bacteria that cause wound infections? 2. What diseas are caused by staph aureus? [...] |
Staph aureus 1. Name some common bacteria that cause wound infections? 2. What diseas are caused by staph aureus? 1. 2. |
| 298.1 | Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis 1. Describe the aetiology? [...] 2. Describe the clinical features? |
Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis 1. Describe the aetiology? 2. Describe the clinical features? 1.  2.   |
| 298.2 | Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis 1. Describe the aetiology? 2. Describe the clinical features? [...] |
Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis 1. Describe the aetiology? 2. Describe the clinical features? 1. 2. |
| 299.1 | Thrombocytopenia 1. What are the causes of thrombocytopenia? [...] 2. What is the pathogenesis of ITP? |
Thrombocytopenia 1. What are the causes of thrombocytopenia? 2. What is the pathogenesis of ITP? 1.  2.  |
| 299.2 | Thrombocytopenia 1. What are the causes of thrombocytopenia? 2. What is the pathogenesis of ITP? [...] |
Thrombocytopenia 1. What are the causes of thrombocytopenia? 2. What is the pathogenesis of ITP? 1. 2. |
| 300.1 | 1. What are the causes of intravascular haemolysis? [...] 2. What are the manifestations of intravascular haemolysis? |
1. What are the causes of intravascular haemolysis? 2. What are the manifestations of intravascular haemolysis? 1.  2.   |
| 300.2 | 1. What are the causes of intravascular haemolysis? 2. What are the manifestations of intravascular haemolysis? [...] |
1. What are the causes of intravascular haemolysis? 2. What are the manifestations of intravascular haemolysis? 1. 2. |
| 301.1 | Atrophy 1. What are the causes? [...] 2. What are the mechanisms? |
Atrophy 1. What are the causes? 2. What are the mechanisms? 1.  2.  |
| 301.2 | Atrophy 1. What are the causes? 2. What are the mechanisms? [...] |
Atrophy 1. What are the causes? 2. What are the mechanisms? 1. 2. |
| 302.1 | Apoptosis 1. List some important stimuli for apoptosis? [...] 2. Describe mechanisms/pathways that result in apoptosis? |
Apoptosis 1. List some important stimuli for apoptosis? 2. Describe mechanisms/pathways that result in apoptosis? 1.   2.  |
| 302.2 | Apoptosis 1. List some important stimuli for apoptosis? 2. Describe mechanisms/pathways that result in apoptosis? [...] |
Apoptosis 1. List some important stimuli for apoptosis? 2. Describe mechanisms/pathways that result in apoptosis? 1. 2. |
| 303.1 | 1. What are some of the causes of dementia? [...] 2. Can you describe the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia? |
1. What are some of the causes of dementia? 2. Can you describe the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia? 1.  2.  |
| 303.2 | 1. What are some of the causes of dementia? 2. Can you describe the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia? [...] |
1. What are some of the causes of dementia? 2. Can you describe the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia? 1. 2. |
| 304.1 | Thiamine deficiency 1. What are the pathological consequences of thiamine deficiency? [...] 2. In what areas of the CNS are lesions observed in Wernicke-Korsakoffs? |
Thiamine deficiency 1. What are the pathological consequences of thiamine deficiency? 2. In what areas of the CNS are lesions observed in Wernicke-Korsakoffs? 1.  2.  |
| 304.2 | Thiamine deficiency 1. What are the pathological consequences of thiamine deficiency? 2. In what areas of the CNS are lesions observed in Wernicke-Korsakoffs? [...] |
Thiamine deficiency 1. What are the pathological consequences of thiamine deficiency? 2. In what areas of the CNS are lesions observed in Wernicke-Korsakoffs? 1. 2. |
| 305.1 | SIDS 1. What is it? [...] 2. What risk factors? |
SIDS 1. What is it? 2. What risk factors? 1.  2.  |
| 305.2 | SIDS 1. What is it? 2. What risk factors? [...] |
SIDS 1. What is it? 2. What risk factors? 1. 2. |
| 306.1 | Smoking 1. By what mechanism does smoking contribute to emphysema? [...] 2. What cancers can smoking predispose to? |
Smoking 1. By what mechanism does smoking contribute to emphysema? 2. What cancers can smoking predispose to? 1.  2.  |
| 306.2 | Smoking 1. By what mechanism does smoking contribute to emphysema? 2. What cancers can smoking predispose to? [...] |
Smoking 1. By what mechanism does smoking contribute to emphysema? 2. What cancers can smoking predispose to? 1. 2. |
| 307.1 | Radiation 1. Describe the clinical features of acute radiation syndrome? [...] 2. Describe some of the delayed effects of radiation injury? |
Radiation 1. Describe the clinical features of acute radiation syndrome? 2. Describe some of the delayed effects of radiation injury? 1.  2.   |
| 307.2 | Radiation 1. Describe the clinical features of acute radiation syndrome? 2. Describe some of the delayed effects of radiation injury? [...] |
Radiation 1. Describe the clinical features of acute radiation syndrome? 2. Describe some of the delayed effects of radiation injury? 1. 2. |
| 308.1 | Lead poisoning 1. Describe the organ system effects of lead poisoning? [...] 2. With regard to lead poisoning, what are the toxic mechanisms that operate? |
Lead poisoning 1. Describe the organ system effects of lead poisoning? 2. With regard to lead poisoning, what are the toxic mechanisms that operate? 1.  2.  |
| 308.2 | Lead poisoning 1. Describe the organ system effects of lead poisoning? 2. With regard to lead poisoning, what are the toxic mechanisms that operate? [...] |
Lead poisoning 1. Describe the organ system effects of lead poisoning? 2. With regard to lead poisoning, what are the toxic mechanisms that operate? 1. 2. |
| 309.1 | Heroin 1. What are the major pathological consequences of IV drug use? [...] 2. What are the features of IVDU endocarditis? |
Heroin 1. What are the major pathological consequences of IV drug use? 2. What are the features of IVDU endocarditis? 1.  2.  |
| 309.2 | Heroin 1. What are the major pathological consequences of IV drug use? 2. What are the features of IVDU endocarditis? [...] |
Heroin 1. What are the major pathological consequences of IV drug use? 2. What are the features of IVDU endocarditis? 1. 2. |
| 310.1 | 1. Describe the ABO blood types and their inheritance? [...] 2. How does the Rh system differ? |
1. Describe the ABO blood types and their inheritance? 2. How does the Rh system differ? 1.    |
| 310.2 | 1. Describe the ABO blood types and their inheritance? 2. How does the Rh system differ? [...] |
1. Describe the ABO blood types and their inheritance? 2. How does the Rh system differ? 1. |
| 311.1 | 1. Describe the way the kidney handles glucose? [...] 2. What are the potential consequency of glycosuria? |
1. Describe the way the kidney handles glucose? 2. What are the potential consequency of glycosuria?  |
| 311.2 | 1. Describe the way the kidney handles glucose? 2. What are the potential consequency of glycosuria? [...] |
1. Describe the way the kidney handles glucose? 2. What are the potential consequency of glycosuria? |
| 312.1 | Angiotensin II 1. Factors that increase and decrease it? [...] 2. Physiological effects? |
Angiotensin II 1. Factors that increase and decrease it? 2. Physiological effects? 1.  2.  |
| 312.2 | Angiotensin II 1. Factors that increase and decrease it? 2. Physiological effects? [...] |
Angiotensin II 1. Factors that increase and decrease it? 2. Physiological effects? 1. 2. |
| 313.1 | Counter current multiplier 1. What is the role of urea? [...] 2. How does urea reach the interstitium? |
Counter current multiplier 1. What is the role of urea? 2. How does urea reach the interstitium?  |
| 313.2 | Counter current multiplier 1. What is the role of urea? 2. How does urea reach the interstitium? [...] |
Counter current multiplier 1. What is the role of urea? 2. How does urea reach the interstitium? |
| 314.1 | cAMP 1. Describe synthesis and metabolism of cAMP? [...] 2. Discuss the function of cAMP? |
cAMP 1. Describe synthesis and metabolism of cAMP? 2. Discuss the function of cAMP? 1.  2.  |
| 314.2 | cAMP 1. Describe synthesis and metabolism of cAMP? 2. Discuss the function of cAMP? [...] |
cAMP 1. Describe synthesis and metabolism of cAMP? 2. Discuss the function of cAMP? 1. 2. |
| 315.1 | Glucagon 1. What factors stimulate glucagon release and inhibit it? [...] 2. What are the physiological effects of glucagon? |
Glucagon 1. What factors stimulate glucagon release and inhibit it? 2. What are the physiological effects of glucagon? 1.    2.   |
| 315.2 | Glucagon 1. What factors stimulate glucagon release and inhibit it? 2. What are the physiological effects of glucagon? [...] |
Glucagon 1. What factors stimulate glucagon release and inhibit it? 2. What are the physiological effects of glucagon? 1. 2. |
| 316.1 | Aldosterone 1. What is the physiological role of aldosterone? [...] 2. What conditions increase aldosterone secretion? |
Aldosterone 1. What is the physiological role of aldosterone? 2. What conditions increase aldosterone secretion? 1.   2.   |
| 316.2 | Aldosterone 1. What is the physiological role of aldosterone? 2. What conditions increase aldosterone secretion? [...] |
Aldosterone 1. What is the physiological role of aldosterone? 2. What conditions increase aldosterone secretion? 1. 2. |
| 317.1 | 1. Namne the endogenous catecholamines and where are they produced? [...] 2. What are the physiological effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline? |
1. Namne the endogenous catecholamines and where are they produced? 2. What are the physiological effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline? 1.     2.  |
| 317.2 | 1. Namne the endogenous catecholamines and where are they produced? 2. What are the physiological effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline? [...] |
1. Namne the endogenous catecholamines and where are they produced? 2. What are the physiological effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline? 1. 2. |
| 318.1 | Body composition 1. How is water distributed through the body compartments? [...] 2. How do age and gender affect TBW? |
Body composition 1. How is water distributed through the body compartments? 2. How do age and gender affect TBW? 1.  2.  |
| 318.2 | Body composition 1. How is water distributed through the body compartments? 2. How do age and gender affect TBW? [...] |
Body composition 1. How is water distributed through the body compartments? 2. How do age and gender affect TBW? 1. 2. |
| 319.1 | Catecholamines 1. Outline the biosynthesis of adrenalien? [...] 2. How is the action of noradrenaline terminated? |
Catecholamines 1. Outline the biosynthesis of adrenalien? 2. How is the action of noradrenaline terminated? 1.  2.   |
| 319.2 | Catecholamines 1. Outline the biosynthesis of adrenalien? 2. How is the action of noradrenaline terminated? [...] |
Catecholamines 1. Outline the biosynthesis of adrenalien? 2. How is the action of noradrenaline terminated? 1. 2. |
| 320.1 | Visceral smooth muscle contraction 1. Describe the sequence of events in contraction and relaxation? [...] 2. What factors influence intestinal smooth muscle contraction? |
Visceral smooth muscle contraction 1. Describe the sequence of events in contraction and relaxation? 2. What factors influence intestinal smooth muscle contraction? 1.  2.  |
| 320.2 | Visceral smooth muscle contraction 1. Describe the sequence of events in contraction and relaxation? 2. What factors influence intestinal smooth muscle contraction? [...] |
Visceral smooth muscle contraction 1. Describe the sequence of events in contraction and relaxation? 2. What factors influence intestinal smooth muscle contraction? 1. 2. |
| 321.1 | Muscle spindle 1. Describe or draw the components of a muscle spindle? [...] 2. What are the major differences in types of skeletal muscle? |
Muscle spindle 1. Describe or draw the components of a muscle spindle? 2. What are the major differences in types of skeletal muscle? 1.   2.  |
| 321.2 | Muscle spindle 1. Describe or draw the components of a muscle spindle? 2. What are the major differences in types of skeletal muscle? [...] |
Muscle spindle 1. Describe or draw the components of a muscle spindle? 2. What are the major differences in types of skeletal muscle? 1. 2. |
| 322.1 | 1. What sequence of events occur in an extradural haemorrhage? [...] 2. Define concussion and what are its clinical features? |
1. What sequence of events occur in an extradural haemorrhage? 2. Define concussion and what are its clinical features? 1.  2.  |
| 322.2 | 1. What sequence of events occur in an extradural haemorrhage? 2. Define concussion and what are its clinical features? [...] |
1. What sequence of events occur in an extradural haemorrhage? 2. Define concussion and what are its clinical features? 1. 2. |
| 323.1 | Malignant mesothelioma 1. Describe the relationship between asbestos exposure and malignant mesothelioma? [...] 2. Where can malignant mesothelioma arise? |
Malignant mesothelioma 1. Describe the relationship between asbestos exposure and malignant mesothelioma? 2. Where can malignant mesothelioma arise? 1.  2. |
| 323.2 | Malignant mesothelioma 1. Describe the relationship between asbestos exposure and malignant mesothelioma? 2. Where can malignant mesothelioma arise? [...] |
Malignant mesothelioma 1. Describe the relationship between asbestos exposure and malignant mesothelioma? 2. Where can malignant mesothelioma arise? 1. 2. |
| 324.1 | 1. Describe the HPO axis? [...] 2. What are the main phases of the ovarian cycle? |
1. Describe the HPO axis? 2. What are the main phases of the ovarian cycle? 1.  2.  |
| 324.2 | 1. Describe the HPO axis? 2. What are the main phases of the ovarian cycle? [...] |
1. Describe the HPO axis? 2. What are the main phases of the ovarian cycle? 1. 2. |
| 325.1 | 1. What are the major classes of lymphocytes? [...] 2. What is the role of each class of lymphocytes in the normal immunesystem? |
1. What are the major classes of lymphocytes? 2. What is the role of each class of lymphocytes in the normal immunesystem? 1.  2.  |
| 325.2 | 1. What are the major classes of lymphocytes? 2. What is the role of each class of lymphocytes in the normal immunesystem? [...] |
1. What are the major classes of lymphocytes? 2. What is the role of each class of lymphocytes in the normal immunesystem? 1. 2. |
| 326.1 | Host defences 1. What are the normal barriers to infection by ingested pathogens in the GIT? [...] 2. What processes can disrupt the normal protective mucociliary action? |
Host defences 1. What are the normal barriers to infection by ingested pathogens in the GIT? 2. What processes can disrupt the normal protective mucociliary action? 1.  2.  |
| 326.2 | Host defences 1. What are the normal barriers to infection by ingested pathogens in the GIT? 2. What processes can disrupt the normal protective mucociliary action? [...] |
Host defences 1. What are the normal barriers to infection by ingested pathogens in the GIT? 2. What processes can disrupt the normal protective mucociliary action? 1. 2. |
| 327.1 | Neoplasm 1. Definition? [...] 2. How may a malignant tumour affect the host? |
Neoplasm 1. Definition? 2. How may a malignant tumour affect the host? 1.  2.  |
| 327.2 | Neoplasm 1. Definition? 2. How may a malignant tumour affect the host? [...] |
Neoplasm 1. Definition? 2. How may a malignant tumour affect the host? 1. 2. |
| 328.1 | Crohn's 1. What are the pathological features? [...] 2. What are the extraintestinal manifestations? |
Crohn's 1. What are the pathological features? 2. What are the extraintestinal manifestations? 1.   2.  |
| 328.2 | Crohn's 1. What are the pathological features? 2. What are the extraintestinal manifestations? [...] |
Crohn's 1. What are the pathological features? 2. What are the extraintestinal manifestations? 1. 2. |
| 329.1 | Chronic gastritis 1. Causes? [...] 2.. Features? |
Chronic gastritis 1. Causes? 2.. Features? 1.  2.  invokes a strong immunologic response with T and B cells |
| 329.2 | Chronic gastritis 1. Causes? 2.. Features? [...] |
Chronic gastritis 1. Causes? 2.. Features? 1. 2. invokes a strong immunologic response with T and B cells |
| 330.1 | Cholera 1. What is the causative organism? [...] 2. Pathogenesis? |
Cholera 1. What is the causative organism? 2. Pathogenesis? 1.  2.  |
| 330.2 | Cholera 1. What is the causative organism? 2. Pathogenesis? [...] |
Cholera 1. What is the causative organism? 2. Pathogenesis? 1. 2. |
| 331.1 | 1. Mechanism of H.pylori peptic ulcer? [...] 2. Complications? |
1. Mechanism of H.pylori peptic ulcer? 2. Complications? 1.  2.  |
| 331.2 | 1. Mechanism of H.pylori peptic ulcer? 2. Complications? [...] |
1. Mechanism of H.pylori peptic ulcer? 2. Complications? 1. 2. |
| 332.1 | 1. Describe the ensory innervation to the index and middle fingers? [...] 2. Can you identify on the picture muscles in the hand and forearm that are innervated by the median nerve?  |
1. Describe the ensory innervation to the index and middle fingers? 2. Can you identify on the picture muscles in the hand and forearm that are innervated by the median nerve? 1. RADIAL NERVE!!! to dip  \2.  |
| 332.2 | 1. Describe the ensory innervation to the index and middle fingers? 2. Can you identify on the picture muscles in the hand and forearm that are innervated by the median nerve? [...] |
1. Describe the ensory innervation to the index and middle fingers? 2. Can you identify on the picture muscles in the hand and forearm that are innervated by the median nerve? 1. RADIAL NERVE!!! to dip \2. |
| 333.1 | Anatomical snuffbox 1. What are the boundaries? [...] 2. What are the contents of the anatomical snuffbox? |
Anatomical snuffbox 1. What are the boundaries? 2. What are the contents of the anatomical snuffbox? 1. tendon!!   2.  |
| 333.2 | Anatomical snuffbox 1. What are the boundaries? 2. What are the contents of the anatomical snuffbox? [...] |
Anatomical snuffbox 1. What are the boundaries? 2. What are the contents of the anatomical snuffbox? 1. tendon!! 2. |
| 334.1 | Bronchiectasis 1. What is it? [...] 2. What conditions are associated with the development of it? |
Bronchiectasis 1. What is it? 2. What conditions are associated with the development of it? 1.   2.  |
| 334.2 | Bronchiectasis 1. What is it? 2. What conditions are associated with the development of it? [...] |
Bronchiectasis 1. What is it? 2. What conditions are associated with the development of it? 1. 2. |
| 335.1 | Methanol poisioning 1. Describe modalities available for treatment? [...] 2. Desribe methanol metabolism? |
Methanol poisioning 1. Describe modalities available for treatment? 2. Desribe methanol metabolism? 1.  2.  |
| 335.2 | Methanol poisioning 1. Describe modalities available for treatment? 2. Desribe methanol metabolism? [...] |
Methanol poisioning 1. Describe modalities available for treatment? 2. Desribe methanol metabolism? 1. 2. |
| 336.1 | Metraminol 1. MOA and PD? [...] 2. Role in management in shock? |
Metraminol 1. MOA and PD? 2. Role in management in shock?  |
| 336.2 | Metraminol 1. MOA and PD? 2. Role in management in shock? [...] |
Metraminol 1. MOA and PD? 2. Role in management in shock? |
| 337.1 | Prazosin 1. MOA? [...] 2. Effects/side effects? |
Prazosin 1. MOA? 2. Effects/side effects?  |
| 337.2 | Prazosin 1. MOA? 2. Effects/side effects? [...] |
Prazosin 1. MOA? 2. Effects/side effects? |
| 338.1 | 1. Describe the mechanism by which serotonin syndrome occurs? [...] 2. How do drugs cause excessive stimulation of serotonin receptors? |
1. Describe the mechanism by which serotonin syndrome occurs? 2. How do drugs cause excessive stimulation of serotonin receptors? 1.  2.  |
| 338.2 | 1. Describe the mechanism by which serotonin syndrome occurs? 2. How do drugs cause excessive stimulation of serotonin receptors? [...] |
1. Describe the mechanism by which serotonin syndrome occurs? 2. How do drugs cause excessive stimulation of serotonin receptors? 1. 2. |
| 339.1 | 1. How do anti-depressants exert their action? [...] 2. Relative advantages of different classes? |
1. How do anti-depressants exert their action? 2. Relative advantages of different classes? 1.  2.  |
| 339.2 | 1. How do anti-depressants exert their action? 2. Relative advantages of different classes? [...] |
1. How do anti-depressants exert their action? 2. Relative advantages of different classes? 1. 2. |
| 340.1 | Thiopentone 1. Describe distribution? [...] 2. S/e? |
Thiopentone 1. Describe distribution? 2. S/e?  |
| 340.2 | Thiopentone 1. Describe distribution? 2. S/e? [...] |
Thiopentone 1. Describe distribution? 2. S/e? |
| 341.1 | Metronidazole 1. PK? [...] 2. Adverse effects? |
Metronidazole 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 1.  2.  |
| 341.2 | Metronidazole 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? [...] |
Metronidazole 1. PK? 2. Adverse effects? 1. 2. |
| 342.1 | 1. Nerve supply of the posterior compartment of forearm? [...] 2. Describe the movements of thumb muscles of the posterior compartment- at what joint? |
1. Nerve supply of the posterior compartment of forearm? 2. Describe the movements of thumb muscles of the posterior compartment- at what joint? 1. Radial nerve and its deep branch becoming the posterior interosseus nerve? 2. APL - CMCj EPL - IPj EPB - MCPj  |
| 342.2 | 1. Nerve supply of the posterior compartment of forearm? 2. Describe the movements of thumb muscles of the posterior compartment- at what joint? [...] |
1. Nerve supply of the posterior compartment of forearm? 2. Describe the movements of thumb muscles of the posterior compartment- at what joint? 1. Radial nerve and its deep branch becoming the posterior interosseus nerve? 2. APL - CMCj EPL - IPj EPB - MCPj |
| 343.1 | Renal function impairment - Physio 1. What are the physiological consequences of renal function impairment? [...] 2. Why does the kidney lose the ability to concentrate and dilute urine in a patient with impaired renal function? |
Renal function impairment - Physio 1. What are the physiological consequences of renal function impairment? 2. Why does the kidney lose the ability to concentrate and dilute urine in a patient with impaired renal function? 1.  2.   |
| 343.2 | Renal function impairment - Physio 1. What are the physiological consequences of renal function impairment? 2. Why does the kidney lose the ability to concentrate and dilute urine in a patient with impaired renal function? [...] |
Renal function impairment - Physio 1. What are the physiological consequences of renal function impairment? 2. Why does the kidney lose the ability to concentrate and dilute urine in a patient with impaired renal function? 1. 2. |
| 344.1 | 1. Describe the course of the femoral vein in the femoral triangle? [...] 2. What are the surface markings when trying to locate the femoral vein? |
1. Describe the course of the femoral vein in the femoral triangle? 2. What are the surface markings when trying to locate the femoral vein? 1.  2.  |
| 344.2 | 1. Describe the course of the femoral vein in the femoral triangle? 2. What are the surface markings when trying to locate the femoral vein? [...] |
1. Describe the course of the femoral vein in the femoral triangle? 2. What are the surface markings when trying to locate the femoral vein? 1. 2. |
| 345.1 | Graves disease 1. What are the characteristic clincal findings? [...] 2. What is the pathogenesis? |
Graves disease 1. What are the characteristic clincal findings? 2. What is the pathogenesis? 1.  2.  |
| 345.2 | Graves disease 1. What are the characteristic clincal findings? 2. What is the pathogenesis? [...] |
Graves disease 1. What are the characteristic clincal findings? 2. What is the pathogenesis? 1. 2. |
| 346.1 | DKA 1. What is the pathogenesis of DKA? [...] 2. Describe the stages in the development of type 1 diabtes? |
DKA 1. What is the pathogenesis of DKA? 2. Describe the stages in the development of type 1 diabtes? 1.  2.  |
| 346.2 | DKA 1. What is the pathogenesis of DKA? 2. Describe the stages in the development of type 1 diabtes? [...] |
DKA 1. What is the pathogenesis of DKA? 2. Describe the stages in the development of type 1 diabtes? 1. 2. |
| 347.1 | Type 2 DM 1. What is the pathogenesis? [...] 2. What are the complications? |
Type 2 DM 1. What is the pathogenesis? 2. What are the complications? 1.  2.   |
| 347.2 | Type 2 DM 1. What is the pathogenesis? 2. What are the complications? [...] |
Type 2 DM 1. What is the pathogenesis? 2. What are the complications? 1. 2. |
| 348.1 | Complement 1. What is the complement system? [...] 2. Describe the main pathways by which complement activation occurs? |
Complement 1. What is the complement system? 2. Describe the main pathways by which complement activation occurs?  |
| 348.2 | Complement 1. What is the complement system? 2. Describe the main pathways by which complement activation occurs? [...] |
Complement 1. What is the complement system? 2. Describe the main pathways by which complement activation occurs? |
| 349.1 | CBB   1. Describe and interpret the abnormalities on this biochemistry panel? [...] 2. What are the possible causes of renal impairment in this patient? |
CBB 1. Describe and interpret the abnormalities on this biochemistry panel? 2. What are the possible causes of renal impairment in this patient? 1.  2.  |
| 349.2 | CBB 1. Describe and interpret the abnormalities on this biochemistry panel? 2. What are the possible causes of renal impairment in this patient? [...] |
CBB 1. Describe and interpret the abnormalities on this biochemistry panel? 2. What are the possible causes of renal impairment in this patient? 1. 2. |
| 350.1 | CBB 1. Hyponatraemia - causes? [...] 2. What else would you expect to find with this? |
CBB 1. Hyponatraemia - causes? 2. What else would you expect to find with this? 1.  2. hypo-osmolar plasma |
| 350.2 | CBB 1. Hyponatraemia - causes? 2. What else would you expect to find with this? [...] |
CBB 1. Hyponatraemia - causes? 2. What else would you expect to find with this? 1. 2. hypo-osmolar plasma |
| 351.1 | CBB - CSF 1. What are the clinical features of raised ICP? [...] 2. CSF viral vs bacterial differences? |
CBB - CSF 1. What are the clinical features of raised ICP? 2. CSF viral vs bacterial differences? 1.  2.  |
| 351.2 | CBB - CSF 1. What are the clinical features of raised ICP? 2. CSF viral vs bacterial differences? [...] |
CBB - CSF 1. What are the clinical features of raised ICP? 2. CSF viral vs bacterial differences? 1. 2. |
| 352.1 | AF - 1. What clinical features would indicate unstability due to rhythm? [...] 2. Causes ? |
AF - 1. What clinical features would indicate unstability due to rhythm? 2. Causes ? 1.  2.  |
| 352.2 | AF - 1. What clinical features would indicate unstability due to rhythm? 2. Causes ? [...] |
AF - 1. What clinical features would indicate unstability due to rhythm? 2. Causes ? 1. 2. |
| 353.1 | CBB - ECG -  1. Diagnosis and describe? [...] 2. Rx?? |
CBB - ECG - 1. Diagnosis and describe? 2. Rx?? 1. HyperK  2.  |
| 353.2 | CBB - ECG - 1. Diagnosis and describe? 2. Rx?? [...] |
CBB - ECG - 1. Diagnosis and describe? 2. Rx?? 1. HyperK 2. |
| 354.1 | Septic arthritis 1. Which organisms, what prediposing conditions? [...] 2. Septic A vs OM? |
Septic arthritis 1. Which organisms, what prediposing conditions? 2. Septic A vs OM? 1. Same as for OM  2.  |
| 354.2 | Septic arthritis 1. Which organisms, what prediposing conditions? 2. Septic A vs OM? [...] |
Septic arthritis 1. Which organisms, what prediposing conditions? 2. Septic A vs OM? 1. Same as for OM 2. |
| 355.1 | CBB - CTB  1. Describe this CT brain? [...] 2. What potential clinical complications can occur as a result of this? |
CBB - CTB 1. Describe this CT brain? 2. What potential clinical complications can occur as a result of this? Large right basal ganglia intarparenchymal haemorrhage with intraventricular extentsion and mass effect compression of R frontal and parietal lobes and the thalamus 1cm midline shift to the L 2.  |
| 355.2 | CBB - CTB 1. Describe this CT brain? 2. What potential clinical complications can occur as a result of this? [...] |
CBB - CTB 1. Describe this CT brain? 2. What potential clinical complications can occur as a result of this? Large right basal ganglia intarparenchymal haemorrhage with intraventricular extentsion and mass effect compression of R frontal and parietal lobes and the thalamus 1cm midline shift to the L 2. |
| 356.1 | CBB - LFTs  1. Describe abnormalities? [...] 2. Causes? |
CBB - LFTs 1. Describe abnormalities? 2. Causes?  |
| 356.2 | CBB - LFTs 1. Describe abnormalities? 2. Causes? [...] |
CBB - LFTs 1. Describe abnormalities? 2. Causes? |
| 357.1 | CBB - LFTs  1. Please describe these results? [...] 2. What are the possible causes? |
CBB - LFTs 1. Please describe these results? 2. What are the possible causes? 1.  2.  |
| 357.2 | CBB - LFTs 1. Please describe these results? 2. What are the possible causes? [...] |
CBB - LFTs 1. Please describe these results? 2. What are the possible causes? 1. 2. |
| 358.1 | CBB - Neck XR 1. What lines would you look at in a C spine xray? [...] 2. Describe this XR  ? |
CBB - Neck XR 1. What lines would you look at in a C spine xray? 2. Describe this XR ? 1.  2.   |
| 358.2 | CBB - Neck XR 1. What lines would you look at in a C spine xray? 2. Describe this XR ?[...] |
CBB - Neck XR 1. What lines would you look at in a C spine xray? 2. Describe this XR ? 1. 2. |
| 359.1 | CBB - VBG  1. Interpret this VBG? [...] 2. Describe some causes? |
CBB - VBG 1. Interpret this VBG? 2. Describe some causes?   |
| 359.2 | CBB - VBG 1. Interpret this VBG? 2. Describe some causes? [...] |
CBB - VBG 1. Interpret this VBG? 2. Describe some causes? |
| 360.1 | CBB - ABG  1. Describe the abnormalities? [...] 2. What are possible causes? |
CBB - ABG 1. Describe the abnormalities? 2. What are possible causes? 1.2.  |
| 360.2 | CBB - ABG 1. Describe the abnormalities? 2. What are possible causes? [...] |
CBB - ABG 1. Describe the abnormalities? 2. What are possible causes? 1.2. |
| 361.1 | CBB - XR  1. Describe the abnormality? [...] 2. What structure may be injured? |
CBB - XR 1. Describe the abnormality? 2. What structure may be injured?  |
| 361.2 | CBB - XR 1. Describe the abnormality? 2. What structure may be injured? [...] |
CBB - XR 1. Describe the abnormality? 2. What structure may be injured? |
| 362.1 | CBB - Photo - XR  1. Describe this xray? [...] 2. What findings on examination would you look for? |
CBB - Photo - XR 1. Describe this xray? 2. What findings on examination would you look for? 1.  2.   |
| 362.2 | CBB - Photo - XR 1. Describe this xray? 2. What findings on examination would you look for? [...] |
CBB - Photo - XR 1. Describe this xray? 2. What findings on examination would you look for? 1. 2. |
| 363.1 | CBB - Photo  1. Describe the image? [...] 2. List possible differentials? |
CBB - Photo 1. Describe the image? 2. List possible differentials? 1.  |
| 363.2 | CBB - Photo 1. Describe the image? 2. List possible differentials? [...] |
CBB - Photo 1. Describe the image? 2. List possible differentials? 1. |
| 364.1 | CBB - Photo  1. Describe this rash, what is the likely diagnosis? [...] 2. What complications may occur? |
CBB - Photo 1. Describe this rash, what is the likely diagnosis? 2. What complications may occur?  |
| 364.2 | CBB - Photo 1. Describe this rash, what is the likely diagnosis? 2. What complications may occur? [...] |
CBB - Photo 1. Describe this rash, what is the likely diagnosis? 2. What complications may occur? |
| 365.1 | CBB - Photo  1. Please describe the apperance of this right leg? [...] 2. What are the potential causes for these changes? |
CBB - Photo 1. Please describe the apperance of this right leg? 2. What are the potential causes for these changes? 1.  2.  |
| 365.2 | CBB - Photo 1. Please describe the apperance of this right leg? 2. What are the potential causes for these changes? [...] |
CBB - Photo 1. Please describe the apperance of this right leg? 2. What are the potential causes for these changes? 1. 2. |
| 366.1 | CBB - Photo  1. Please describe the findings on this photo? [...] 2. What clinical findings would you seek to assess the extent of her hand injury? |
CBB - Photo 1. Please describe the findings on this photo? 2. What clinical findings would you seek to assess the extent of her hand injury? 1.  2.  |
| 366.2 | CBB - Photo 1. Please describe the findings on this photo? 2. What clinical findings would you seek to assess the extent of her hand injury? [...] |
CBB - Photo 1. Please describe the findings on this photo? 2. What clinical findings would you seek to assess the extent of her hand injury? 1. 2. |
| 367.1 | Jaundice 1. What are the causes of jaundice? [...] 2. Apart from jaundice, what are the clinical features of liver disease? |
Jaundice 1. What are the causes of jaundice? 2. Apart from jaundice, what are the clinical features of liver disease? 1.  2.  |
| 367.2 | Jaundice 1. What are the causes of jaundice? 2. Apart from jaundice, what are the clinical features of liver disease? [...] |
Jaundice 1. What are the causes of jaundice? 2. Apart from jaundice, what are the clinical features of liver disease? 1. 2. |
| 368.1 | 1. How do sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation change prepotential in pacemaker AP? [...] 2. Why does tetany not occur in cardiac muscle? |
1. How do sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation change prepotential in pacemaker AP? 2. Why does tetany not occur in cardiac muscle? 1.  2.  |
| 368.2 | 1. How do sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation change prepotential in pacemaker AP? 2. Why does tetany not occur in cardiac muscle? [...] |
1. How do sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation change prepotential in pacemaker AP? 2. Why does tetany not occur in cardiac muscle? 1. 2. |
| 369.1 | CBB - ECG  1. Describe and interpret this ECG? [...] 2. What are the causes of CBB? |
CBB - ECG 1. Describe and interpret this ECG? 2. What are the causes of CBB? 1.2.   |
| 369.2 | CBB - ECG 1. Describe and interpret this ECG? 2. What are the causes of CBB? [...] |
CBB - ECG 1. Describe and interpret this ECG? 2. What are the causes of CBB? 1.2. |
| 370.1 | 1. What are the principal buffering systems in the body?. [...] 2. What happens to glutamine synthesis in the liver in chronic metabolic acidosis? |
1. What are the principal buffering systems in the body?. 2. What happens to glutamine synthesis in the liver in chronic metabolic acidosis? 1.  intracellular is passenger princesss 2.  |
| 370.2 | 1. What are the principal buffering systems in the body?. 2. What happens to glutamine synthesis in the liver in chronic metabolic acidosis? [...] |
1. What are the principal buffering systems in the body?. 2. What happens to glutamine synthesis in the liver in chronic metabolic acidosis? 1. intracellular is passenger princesss 2. |
| 371.1 | 1. Describe the different types of tissue hypoxia? [...] 2. Describe clinical effects of acute hypoxia? |
1. Describe the different types of tissue hypoxia? 2. Describe clinical effects of acute hypoxia? 1.  2.  |
| 371.2 | 1. Describe the different types of tissue hypoxia? 2. Describe clinical effects of acute hypoxia? [...] |
1. Describe the different types of tissue hypoxia? 2. Describe clinical effects of acute hypoxia? 1. 2. |
| 372.1 | Lung defence mechanisms 1. What are the lung defence mechanisms? [...] 2. What are the metabolic and endocrine functions of lungs? |
Lung defence mechanisms 1. What are the lung defence mechanisms? 2. What are the metabolic and endocrine functions of lungs? 1.2.  |
| 372.2 | Lung defence mechanisms 1. What are the lung defence mechanisms? 2. What are the metabolic and endocrine functions of lungs? [...] |
Lung defence mechanisms 1. What are the lung defence mechanisms? 2. What are the metabolic and endocrine functions of lungs? 1.2. |
| 373.1 | Hypoxaemia 1. What are the causes of hypoxaemia in general? [...] 2. What is the concept of the A-a gradient? |
Hypoxaemia 1. What are the causes of hypoxaemia in general? 2. What is the concept of the A-a gradient? 1.    2.  |
| 373.2 | Hypoxaemia 1. What are the causes of hypoxaemia in general? 2. What is the concept of the A-a gradient? [...] |
Hypoxaemia 1. What are the causes of hypoxaemia in general? 2. What is the concept of the A-a gradient? 1. 2. |
| 374.1 | 1. Explain fick's law of diffusion? [...] 2. What is the difference between a diffusion limited and a perfusion limited gas? |
1. Explain fick's law of diffusion? 2. What is the difference between a diffusion limited and a perfusion limited gas? 1.  2.  |
| 374.2 | 1. Explain fick's law of diffusion? 2. What is the difference between a diffusion limited and a perfusion limited gas? [...] |
1. Explain fick's law of diffusion? 2. What is the difference between a diffusion limited and a perfusion limited gas? 1. 2. |
| 375.1 | Exercise physiology resp 1. What are the effects of exercise on the respiratory system? [...] 2. What changes occur in blood gases during exercise? |
Exercise physiology resp 1. What are the effects of exercise on the respiratory system? 2. What changes occur in blood gases during exercise? 1. 2.  |
| 375.2 | Exercise physiology resp 1. What are the effects of exercise on the respiratory system? 2. What changes occur in blood gases during exercise? [...] |
Exercise physiology resp 1. What are the effects of exercise on the respiratory system? 2. What changes occur in blood gases during exercise? 1. 2. |
| 376.1 | 1. Describe how respiration compensates for acid-base changes? [...] 2. What clinical conditions might cause met acidosis / met alkalosis? |
1. Describe how respiration compensates for acid-base changes? 2. What clinical conditions might cause met acidosis / met alkalosis?  |
| 376.2 | 1. Describe how respiration compensates for acid-base changes? 2. What clinical conditions might cause met acidosis / met alkalosis? [...] |
1. Describe how respiration compensates for acid-base changes? 2. What clinical conditions might cause met acidosis / met alkalosis? |
| 377.1 | 1. What is steatosis? [...] 2. What are the causes of hepatic steatosis? |
1. What is steatosis? 2. What are the causes of hepatic steatosis?  |
| 377.2 | 1. What is steatosis? 2. What are the causes of hepatic steatosis? [...] |
1. What is steatosis? 2. What are the causes of hepatic steatosis? |
| 378.1 | Hypertrophy 1. Definition? [...] 2. Types and examples? |
Hypertrophy 1. Definition? 2. Types and examples?  |
| 378.2 | Hypertrophy 1. Definition? 2. Types and examples? [...] |
Hypertrophy 1. Definition? 2. Types and examples? |
| 379.1 | Flow 1. What are the basic factors which determine the rate of flow through a blood vessel? [...] 2. What factors cause turbulent flow in a blood vessel? |
Flow 1. What are the basic factors which determine the rate of flow through a blood vessel? 2. What factors cause turbulent flow in a blood vessel? 1.2.  |
| 379.2 | Flow 1. What are the basic factors which determine the rate of flow through a blood vessel? 2. What factors cause turbulent flow in a blood vessel? [...] |
Flow 1. What are the basic factors which determine the rate of flow through a blood vessel? 2. What factors cause turbulent flow in a blood vessel? 1.2. |
| 380.1 | 1. Describe what happens to CO during exercise? [...] 2. What local mechanisms maintain the high blood flow in exercising muscles? |
1. Describe what happens to CO during exercise? 2. What local mechanisms maintain the high blood flow in exercising muscles?  |
| 380.2 | 1. Describe what happens to CO during exercise? 2. What local mechanisms maintain the high blood flow in exercising muscles? [...] |
1. Describe what happens to CO during exercise? 2. What local mechanisms maintain the high blood flow in exercising muscles? |
| 381.1 | 1. What is the central venous pressure at rest? [...] 2. Describe the factors that determine CVP? |
1. What is the central venous pressure at rest? 2. Describe the factors that determine CVP? 1.  2.  |
| 381.2 | 1. What is the central venous pressure at rest? 2. Describe the factors that determine CVP? [...] |
1. What is the central venous pressure at rest? 2. Describe the factors that determine CVP? 1. 2. |
| 382.1 | 1. What proportion of the total body oxygen does the brain consume? [...] 2. What energey substrates can be used? |
1. What proportion of the total body oxygen does the brain consume? 2. What energey substrates can be used?  |
| 382.2 | 1. What proportion of the total body oxygen does the brain consume? 2. What energey substrates can be used? [...] |
1. What proportion of the total body oxygen does the brain consume? 2. What energey substrates can be used? |
| 383.1 | Blood pressure 1. How is BP maintained in the seeting of acute blood loss? [...] 2. What other factors influences the vasomotor centre? |
Blood pressure 1. How is BP maintained in the seeting of acute blood loss? 2. What other factors influences the vasomotor centre? 1.  2. chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, cerebral cortex, pain pathways, CO2, hypoxia  |
| 383.2 | Blood pressure 1. How is BP maintained in the seeting of acute blood loss? 2. What other factors influences the vasomotor centre? [...] |
Blood pressure 1. How is BP maintained in the seeting of acute blood loss? 2. What other factors influences the vasomotor centre? 1. 2. chemoreceptors, baroreceptors, cerebral cortex, pain pathways, CO2, hypoxia |
| 384.1 | 1. 1a, 1b, 1c antiarrhythmic drugs mnemonic? [...] 2. Effects of AP on each and key features/clinical uses? |
1. 1a, 1b, 1c antiarrhythmic drugs mnemonic? 2. Effects of AP on each and key features/clinical uses? 1.  2.   |
| 384.2 | 1. 1a, 1b, 1c antiarrhythmic drugs mnemonic? 2. Effects of AP on each and key features/clinical uses? [...] |
1. 1a, 1b, 1c antiarrhythmic drugs mnemonic? 2. Effects of AP on each and key features/clinical uses? 1. 2. |
| 385.1 | Acetazolamide 1. MOA? [...] 2. Toxic S/e? |
Acetazolamide 1. MOA? 2. Toxic S/e?   |
| 385.2 | Acetazolamide 1. MOA? 2. Toxic S/e? [...] |
Acetazolamide 1. MOA? 2. Toxic S/e? |
| 386.1 | 1. What muscles are responsible for the abduction and adduction of the shoulder joint? [...] 2. What muscles are responsible for the other movements of the shoulder? |
1. What muscles are responsible for the abduction and adduction of the shoulder joint? 2. What muscles are responsible for the other movements of the shoulder?  |
| 386.2 | 1. What muscles are responsible for the abduction and adduction of the shoulder joint? 2. What muscles are responsible for the other movements of the shoulder? [...] |
1. What muscles are responsible for the abduction and adduction of the shoulder joint? 2. What muscles are responsible for the other movements of the shoulder? |
| 387.1 | Clavicle 1. Identify the features of the clavicle? [...] 2. What structures stabilise the AC joint? |
Clavicle 1. Identify the features of the clavicle? 2. What structures stabilise the AC joint?   |
| 387.2 | Clavicle 1. Identify the features of the clavicle? 2. What structures stabilise the AC joint? [...] |
Clavicle 1. Identify the features of the clavicle? 2. What structures stabilise the AC joint? |
| 388.1 | Brachial plexus 1. what nerve roots make up the posterior cord of the brachial plexus? [...] 2. what are the terminal branches of the posterior cord and what do they supply? |
Brachial plexus 1. what nerve roots make up the posterior cord of the brachial plexus? 2. what are the terminal branches of the posterior cord and what do they supply?  |
| 388.2 | Brachial plexus 1. what nerve roots make up the posterior cord of the brachial plexus? 2. what are the terminal branches of the posterior cord and what do they supply? [...] |
Brachial plexus 1. what nerve roots make up the posterior cord of the brachial plexus? 2. what are the terminal branches of the posterior cord and what do they supply? |
| 389.1 | 1. Describe the boundaries of the axilla? [...] 2. What are the contents of the axilla? |
1. Describe the boundaries of the axilla? 2. What are the contents of the axilla?  |
| 389.2 | 1. Describe the boundaries of the axilla? 2. What are the contents of the axilla? [...] |
1. Describe the boundaries of the axilla? 2. What are the contents of the axilla? |
| 390.1 | Median nerve 1. Describe the course of the median nerve in the forearm? [...] 2. What are the structures supplied by the median nerve?  |
Median nerve 1. Describe the course of the median nerve in the forearm? 2. What are the structures supplied by the median nerve? 1.  2.  |
| 390.2 | Median nerve 1. Describe the course of the median nerve in the forearm? 2. What are the structures supplied by the median nerve? [...] |
Median nerve 1. Describe the course of the median nerve in the forearm? 2. What are the structures supplied by the median nerve? 1. 2. |
| 391.1 | Free radical 1. what is a free radical? [...] 2. What are the pathological effects of free radicals? |
Free radical 1. what is a free radical? 2. What are the pathological effects of free radicals? 1.  2.  |
| 391.2 | Free radical 1. what is a free radical? 2. What are the pathological effects of free radicals? [...] |
Free radical 1. what is a free radical? 2. What are the pathological effects of free radicals? 1. 2. |
| 392.1 | Heart failure 1. What is heart failure [...] 2. Classify the types of HF and give examples |
Heart failure 1. What is heart failure 2. Classify the types of HF and give examples  |
| 392.2 | Heart failure 1. What is heart failure 2. Classify the types of HF and give examples [...] |
Heart failure 1. What is heart failure 2. Classify the types of HF and give examples |
| 393.1 | 1. Outline steps infvolved in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis [...] 2. Stable vs vulnerable plaque |
1. Outline steps infvolved in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis 2. Stable vs vulnerable plaque 1.  2.  |
| 393.2 | 1. Outline steps infvolved in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis 2. Stable vs vulnerable plaque [...] |
1. Outline steps infvolved in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis 2. Stable vs vulnerable plaque 1. 2. |
| 394.1 | 1. Draw the carbon diaoxide dissociation curve for normal arterial blood [...] 2. Where will the curve lie for venous blood and why? |
1. Draw the carbon diaoxide dissociation curve for normal arterial blood 2. Where will the curve lie for venous blood and why? 1.  2.  |
| 394.2 | 1. Draw the carbon diaoxide dissociation curve for normal arterial blood 2. Where will the curve lie for venous blood and why? [...] |
1. Draw the carbon diaoxide dissociation curve for normal arterial blood 2. Where will the curve lie for venous blood and why? 1. 2. |
| 395.1 | FES 1. What clinical conditions may cause FES? [...] 2. What is the pathogenesis of FES? |
FES 1. What clinical conditions may cause FES? 2. What is the pathogenesis of FES? 1.  2.  |
| 395.2 | FES 1. What clinical conditions may cause FES? 2. What is the pathogenesis of FES? [...] |
FES 1. What clinical conditions may cause FES? 2. What is the pathogenesis of FES? 1. 2. |
| 396.1 | Heart Failure 1. What is the pathogenesis of cardiogenic edema? [...] 2. What are the clinical features of HF? |
Heart Failure 1. What is the pathogenesis of cardiogenic edema? 2. What are the clinical features of HF? 1.  2.  |
| 396.2 | Heart Failure 1. What is the pathogenesis of cardiogenic edema? 2. What are the clinical features of HF? [...] |
Heart Failure 1. What is the pathogenesis of cardiogenic edema? 2. What are the clinical features of HF? 1. 2. |
| 397.1 | PE 1. Where do they arise? [...] 2. Clinical effects? |
PE 1. Where do they arise? 2. Clinical effects? 1.  2.  |
| 397.2 | PE 1. Where do they arise? 2. Clinical effects? [...] |
PE 1. Where do they arise? 2. Clinical effects? 1. 2. |
| 398.1 | Coagulation cascade 1. Definition and description [...] 2. Describe factors that inhibit the activiation of the cascade |
Coagulation cascade 1. Definition and description 2. Describe factors that inhibit the activiation of the cascade 1.   2.   |
| 398.2 | Coagulation cascade 1. Definition and description 2. Describe factors that inhibit the activiation of the cascade [...] |
Coagulation cascade 1. Definition and description 2. Describe factors that inhibit the activiation of the cascade 1. 2. |
| 399.1 | Type 2 Hypersensitivity 1. Definition [...] 2. MOA with examples |
Type 2 Hypersensitivity 1. Definition 2. MOA with examples 1.  2.  |
| 399.2 | Type 2 Hypersensitivity 1. Definition 2. MOA with examples [...] |
Type 2 Hypersensitivity 1. Definition 2. MOA with examples 1. 2. |
| 400.1 | 1. Which vessels make up the posterior circulation [...] 2. Motor and sensory areas that lie in distribution of MCA? |
1. Which vessels make up the posterior circulation 2. Motor and sensory areas that lie in distribution of MCA? 1.  2.  |
| 400.2 | 1. Which vessels make up the posterior circulation 2. Motor and sensory areas that lie in distribution of MCA? [...] |
1. Which vessels make up the posterior circulation 2. Motor and sensory areas that lie in distribution of MCA? 1. 2. |
| 401.1 | 1. What organisms cause CAP? [...] 2. What is atypical pneumonia and its clinical picture? |
1. What organisms cause CAP? 2. What is atypical pneumonia and its clinical picture? 1.  2.    |
| 401.2 | 1. What organisms cause CAP? 2. What is atypical pneumonia and its clinical picture? [...] |
1. What organisms cause CAP? 2. What is atypical pneumonia and its clinical picture? 1. 2. |
| 402.1 | 1. Describe the pathogenesis of aspiration pneumonia [...] 2. How are CAP different? |
1. Describe the pathogenesis of aspiration pneumonia 2. How are CAP different? 1.  2.  |
| 402.2 | 1. Describe the pathogenesis of aspiration pneumonia 2. How are CAP different? [...] |
1. Describe the pathogenesis of aspiration pneumonia 2. How are CAP different? 1. 2. |
| 403.1 | What anatomical features contribute to the stability of the shoulder joint? [...] How does the humerus articulate with the scapula? |
What anatomical features contribute to the stability of the shoulder joint? How does the humerus articulate with the scapula?   |
| 403.2 | What anatomical features contribute to the stability of the shoulder joint? How does the humerus articulate with the scapula? [...] |
What anatomical features contribute to the stability of the shoulder joint? How does the humerus articulate with the scapula? |
| 404.1 | 1. What structures lie deep to the flexor retinaculum at the wrist? [...] 2. Which is the larger terminal branch of the brachial artery? |
1. What structures lie deep to the flexor retinaculum at the wrist? 2. Which is the larger terminal branch of the brachial artery? 1.  2. ulnar artery |
| 404.2 | 1. What structures lie deep to the flexor retinaculum at the wrist? 2. Which is the larger terminal branch of the brachial artery? [...] |
1. What structures lie deep to the flexor retinaculum at the wrist? 2. Which is the larger terminal branch of the brachial artery? 1. 2. ulnar artery |
| 405.1 | 1. label this [...] 2. what is the innervation of thenar muscles [...] 3. what is the actions of the thenar muscles? [...] 4. Origin and insertion of the mm of the thenar eminence  |
1. label this 2. what is the innervation of thenar muscles 3. what is the actions of the thenar muscles? 4. Origin and insertion of the mm of the thenar eminence  4.  |
| 405.2 | 1. label this 2. what is the innervation of thenar muscles 3. what is the actions of the thenar muscles? 4. Origin and insertion of the mm of the thenar eminence [...] |
1. label this 2. what is the innervation of thenar muscles 3. what is the actions of the thenar muscles? 4. Origin and insertion of the mm of the thenar eminence 4. |
| 406.1 | 1. what is an endotoxin? [...] 2. how does an endotoxin cause septic shock? |
1. what is an endotoxin? 2. how does an endotoxin cause septic shock? 1.  2.  |
| 406.2 | 1. what is an endotoxin? 2. how does an endotoxin cause septic shock? [...] |
1. what is an endotoxin? 2. how does an endotoxin cause septic shock? 1. 2. |
| 407.1 | Anterior shoulder dislocation - what signs? [...] |
Anterior shoulder dislocation - what signs?  |
| 408.1 | Describe? [...]   |
Describe?    |
| 409.1 | Describe this xray? [...]  |
Describe this xray?  |
| 410.1 | Amlodipine PK [...] |
Amlodipine PK 80% F +++ tissue binding hence 30-50hr half life hepatic m renal 60 feces 40 |
| 411.1 | DHP vs NDHP CCBs difference? [...] |
DHP vs NDHP CCBs difference?  |
| 412.1 | Nimodipine PK? [...] |
Nimodipine PK?  few drugs that bile and feces given IV coz 10% bioavailability coz its lipid soluble its used for SAH 9 hours for transfer to RMH |
| 413.1 | Ropivicaine -compared to bupi -> [...] |
Ropivicaine -compared to bupi -> less lipid soluble, less cns toxicity and uptake Vd 45 vs 70 longer half life 6hrs vs 4 hrs equal protein binding |
| 414.1 | GTN precauations? [...] |
GTN precauations?
|
| 415.1 | GTN PD [...] |
GTN PD release of NO in vascular smooth muscle, which increases cGMP causing smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation
|
| 416.1 | Furosemide
|
Furosemide
|
| 417.1 | Ketamine
|
Ketamine
|
| 418.1 | Ceftriaxone 1. Effective and not effective bugs? [...] |
Ceftriaxone 1. Effective and not effective bugs?   |
| 419.1 | What is the blood supply of the uterus? [...] |
What is the blood supply of the uterus?  |
| 420.1 | Describe lymphatic drainage of male genitalia? [...] |
Describe lymphatic drainage of male genitalia?  |
| 421.1 | Describe venous drainage of the gut? [...] |
Describe venous drainage of the gut?   |
| 422.1 | Label this? [...]  |
Label this?  |
| 423.1 | Arterial blood supply of the ureter? [...] |
Arterial blood supply of the ureter?  |
| 424.1 | What is the blood supply of the liver? [...] |
What is the blood supply of the liver?  |
| 425.1 | Describe arterial supply of the small and large intestine? [...] |
Describe arterial supply of the small and large intestine?  |
| 426.1 | Label these structures? [...]  |
Label these structures? 2 : cricoid cartilage 11: isthmus 12: thyroid L 7: inferior thyroid vein 33: trachea |
| 427.1 | Structures in the superior mediastinum? [...] |
Structures in the superior mediastinum?  |
| 428.1 | Pleural attachments 1. What is the clinical significance? [...] |
Pleural attachments 1. What is the clinical significance?  |
| 429.1 | Label these structures? [...]  |
Label these structures?  |
| 430.1 | Identify main features of the RA? [...] |
Identify main features of the RA?  |
| 431.1 | Identify components of the tricuspid valve? [...] |
Identify components of the tricuspid valve?  |
| 432.1 | Which areas of the heart are supplied by the LCA and its branches? [...] |
Which areas of the heart are supplied by the LCA and its branches?  |
| 433.1 | Describe venous drainage of heart? [...] |
Describe venous drainage of heart?  |
| 434.1 | Describe arterial supply to the cardiac conduction system? [...] |
Describe arterial supply to the cardiac conduction system?  |
| 435.1 | Describe blood flow in fetal circulation? [...] |
Describe blood flow in fetal circulation?   |
| 436.1 | Label this? [...]       |
Label this? RCA LCX LCA Great cardiac vein Small cardiac vein Ligamentum arteriosum |
| 437.1 | Label this?  [...] |
Label this?  |
| 438.1 | Surface anatomy of the heart? [...] |
Surface anatomy of the heart?  |
| 439.1 | Structures at the leve of the sternal angle? [...] |
Structures at the leve of the sternal angle?  |
| 440.1 | Parietal pleura surface anatomy? [...] |
Parietal pleura surface anatomy? 1.  |
| 441.1 | Describe lobes of the lung that lie adjacent to the cardio-mediastinum? [...] |
Describe lobes of the lung that lie adjacent to the cardio-mediastinum?   |
| 442.1 | Describe the course of the thoracic aorta? [...] |
Describe the course of the thoracic aorta? 1.  |
| 443.1 | What changes occur from upper to lower thoracic vertebrae? [...] |
What changes occur from upper to lower thoracic vertebrae? 1.  |
| 444.1 | Why ST elevated in MI? [...] |
Why ST elevated in MI?  |
| 445.1 | ECG changes in hypokalemia? [...] |
ECG changes in hypokalemia? 1.  |
| 446.1 | H2O renal reabsorption %? [...] |
H2O renal reabsorption %?  |
| 447.1 | 1. What factors increase renin secretioin? [...] |
1. What factors increase renin secretioin? 1.  |
| 448.1 | Liver 1. Principal functions? [...] |
Liver 1. Principal functions? 1.  |
| 449.1 | Describe the regulation of gastric acid secretion? [...] |
Describe the regulation of gastric acid secretion?  |
| 450.1 | Flow pathway of the portal venous system? [...] |
Flow pathway of the portal venous system?  |
| 451.1 | Identify the features of this bone? [...]  |
Identify the features of this bone?   |
| 452.1 | Where is this from and label it? [...]  |
Where is this from and label it?    |
| 453.1 | Infraorbital nerve - 6 things it supplies? [...] |
Infraorbital nerve - 6 things it supplies?  |
| 454.1 | Label this? [...]  |
Label this?  |
| 455.1 | Label the air spaces seen here? [...]   |
Label the air spaces seen here?   |
| 456.1 | Function of facial nerve? [...] |
Function of facial nerve?   |
| 457.1 | Name branches of the facial nerve and indicate their position in this photo? [...]  |
Name branches of the facial nerve and indicate their position in this photo?  |
| 458.1 | Motor innervation of CN V? [...] |
Motor innervation of CN V?   |
| 459.1 | Tongue nerve supply - sensation and motor? [...] |
Tongue nerve supply - sensation and motor?   |
| 460.1 | Bones and sutures of cranial vault? [...]  |
Bones and sutures of cranial vault?  |
| 461.1 | Ear sensory supply? [...] |
Ear sensory supply?    |
| 462.1 | 1. What structures pass through the foramen magnum? [...] |
1. What structures pass through the foramen magnum?  |
| 463.1 | Base of skull foramina Label and contents? [...]  |
Base of skull foramina Label and contents?   |
| 464.1 | If the lingual N is damaged, what deficits would you expect? [...] |
If the lingual N is damaged, what deficits would you expect? 1.  |
| 465.1 | Mandible 1. Which nerves run on or within the bony mandible? [...] |
Mandible 1. Which nerves run on or within the bony mandible? 1.   |
| 466.1 | TMJ 1. What movements is possible? [...] |
TMJ 1. What movements is possible?  |
| 467.1 | Muscles of mastication and its attachments to the mandible? [...] |
Muscles of mastication and its attachments to the mandible?   |
| 468.1 |   |
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| 469.1 |  |
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| 470.1 |  |
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| 471.1 |  |
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| 472.1 |  |
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| 473.1 |  |
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| 474.1 |  |
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| 475.1 |  |
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| 476.1 |  |
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| 477.1 |  |
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| 478.1 |  |
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| 479.1 | Amiodarone 1. PK? [...] |
Amiodarone 1. PK?  |
| 480.1 | How does alkalinisation work? [...] |
How does alkalinisation work?  |
| 481.1 | Describe the CNS and PNS effects of morphine? [...] |
Describe the CNS and PNS effects of morphine?  |
| 482.1 | Pharm equations 1. Bioavailability 2. Vd 3. Clearance 4. Rate of elimination 5. Half life 6. Loading dose 7. ER ? [all together] |
Pharm equations 1. Bioavailability 2. Vd 3. Clearance 4. Rate of elimination 5. Half life 6. Loading dose 7. ER ?    Rate of elimination = Cl x plasma concentration    |
| 483.1 | 1. List the various molecular mechanisms of transmembrane signalling? [...] |
1. List the various molecular mechanisms of transmembrane signalling? 1.  |
| 484.1 | In children, what factors change with age and alter PK? [...] |
In children, what factors change with age and alter PK?  lower body fat, lower protein, higher water lower metabolism by liver lower excretion by kidney |
| 485.1 | Adrenal glands - what gets produced and where from? [...] |
Adrenal glands - what gets produced and where from?    |
| 486.1 | Describe the pathogenesis of Herpes Zoster? [...] |
Describe the pathogenesis of Herpes Zoster? 1.  |
| 487.1 | Herpes simplex 1. Give clinical examples of a HSV infection? [...] |
Herpes simplex 1. Give clinical examples of a HSV infection? 1.  |
| 488.1 | Pernicious anaemia 1. What is the pathogenesis? [...] |
Pernicious anaemia 1. What is the pathogenesis? 1.  |
| 489.1 | What are teh pathological effects of HTN on the brain? [...] |
What are teh pathological effects of HTN on the brain?  |
| 490.1 | Vitamin K 1. What are the causes of Vit K deficiency? [...] |
Vitamin K 1. What are the causes of Vit K deficiency? 1.  |
| 491.1 | By what mechanism does glucose cause the release of insulin? [...] |
By what mechanism does glucose cause the release of insulin?  |
| 492.1 | What are the ECG changes in hyperkalemia? [...] |
What are the ECG changes in hyperkalemia?  |
| 493.1 | Describe the process of the tubuloglomerular feedback in the nephron? [...] |
Describe the process of the tubuloglomerular feedback in the nephron?  |
| 494.1 | What are mesangial cells? [...] |
What are mesangial cells?  |
| 495.1 | Counter current mechanism 1. How does it enable the kidney to concentrate urine? [...] |
Counter current mechanism 1. How does it enable the kidney to concentrate urine? 1.  1. need to maintain a gradient of increasing osmolality along medullary pyramids 2. Gradient produced by countercurrent multipliers in the LOH and maintained by vasa recta acting as the exchanger 3. water out of the thin descending limb 4. active transport of Na and Cl out of the thick ascending limb 5. continued inflow of isotonic fluid into the proximal tubule -> out of descdning tubule 6. water out of CD into the hypertonic interstitium 7. vasa recta acts the opposite - NaCl and urea into the descending limb + water into the ascending limb 8. As a result solute remains in the medulla pyramid and maintain the interstitial concentration |
| 496.1 | What are the potential pathways for glucose metabolism in the body? [...] |
What are the potential pathways for glucose metabolism in the body? 1.  |
| 497.1 | What factors determine the rate of ACTH secretion? [...] |
What factors determine the rate of ACTH secretion?  |
| 498.1 | Where are ion channels distributed in myelinated neurons? [...] |
Where are ion channels distributed in myelinated neurons? 1.  |
| 499.1 | Nerve action potential 1. Please draw a nerve AP and indicate the sequence of events that occur? [...] |
Nerve action potential 1. Please draw a nerve AP and indicate the sequence of events that occur? 1.    |
| 500.1 | Label just 7, 6, 9  ?[...] |
Label just 7, 6, 9 ? |
| 501.1 | Describe the arterial supply to the face on the model? [...]  |
Describe the arterial supply to the face on the model?   |
| 502.1 | What is the characteristics of a typical cervical vertebrae? [...] |
What is the characteristics of a typical cervical vertebrae?   |
| 503.1 | Carotid triangle boundaries? [...] |
Carotid triangle boundaries?  |
| 504.1 | Label this? [...]  |
Label this?  |
| 505.1 | Demonstrate the bony features of the atlas and axis on this? [...]  |
Demonstrate the bony features of the atlas and axis on this?  |
| 506.1 | Describe the movements of the head on the neck? [...] |
Describe the movements of the head on the neck?   |
| 507.1 | Which ligaments stabilise the joints between C1 and C2? [...] |
Which ligaments stabilise the joints between C1 and C2?   |
| 508.1 | Label this? [...]  |
Label this?  |
| 509.1 | Describe the joints between C1 and C2? - which is axis and which is atlas? [...] |
Describe the joints between C1 and C2? - which is axis and which is atlas?   |
| 510.1 | ID this bone and its features? [...]  |
ID this bone and its features?   |
| 511.1 | How would you clinically test the median nerve function in the hand? [...] |
How would you clinically test the median nerve function in the hand?  |
| 512.1 |   Transverse cut through the palm Which structures may have been injured? [...] |
Transverse cut through the palm Which structures may have been injured?  |
| 513.1 | Median nerve supply in the hand? [...] |
Median nerve supply in the hand?  |
| 514.1 | Demonstrate the actions produced by the lumbricals and the interossei and describe their innervation? [...] |
Demonstrate the actions produced by the lumbricals and the interossei and describe their innervation?  |
| 515.1 | Demonstrate where the dorsal and palmar interossei muscles attach? [...] |
Demonstrate where the dorsal and palmar interossei muscles attach? PAD DAB   |
| 516.1 | 1. Please describe the arterial supply of the hand? [...] |
1. Please describe the arterial supply of the hand?   |
| 517.1 | Name the ligaments of the wrist? [...]  |
Name the ligaments of the wrist? |
| 518.1 | What nerves pass superficial to the carpal tunnel? [...] |
What nerves pass superficial to the carpal tunnel?  |
| 519.1 | Which muscles flex the wrist? [...] |
Which muscles flex the wrist?  |
| 520.1 | 1. What structures pass through the carpal tunnel? [...] |
1. What structures pass through the carpal tunnel?  not FCR  |
| 521.1 | 1. Identify the attachments of the flexor retinaculum? [...]  |
1. Identify the attachments of the flexor retinaculum?   |
| 522.1 | Label the bones? [...]  |
Label the bones?  |
| 523.1 | What movements occur at the wrist joint and which muscles produce them? [...] |
What movements occur at the wrist joint and which muscles produce them?  |
| 524.1 | Label this  ?[...] |
Label this ? trapezium might be missing you cant see triqetrum either |
| 525.1 | 1. What tendons run underneath the extensor retinaculum? [...] |
1. What tendons run underneath the extensor retinaculum? 1.  |
| 526.1 |   |
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| 527.1 |   |
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| 528.1 |  |
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| 529.1 |  |
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| 530.1 | Laxatives 1. Using examples, outline the mechanisms of action of the various types of laxative? [...] |
Laxatives 1. Using examples, outline the mechanisms of action of the various types of laxative? 1.  SBOS i want to poo |
| 531.1 | Amphetamines 1. MOA and effects? [...] |
Amphetamines 1. MOA and effects?  |
| 532.1 | Haloperidol 1. MOA? [...] |
Haloperidol 1. MOA?  |
| 533.1 | Descriibe the term atypical for antipsychotics and provide an example? [...] |
Descriibe the term atypical for antipsychotics and provide an example?  |
| 534.1 | Dantrolene 1. Actions? [...] |
Dantrolene 1. Actions?  |
| 535.1 | Carbamazepine PK? [...] |
Carbamazepine PK?  |
| 536.1 | Describe the course of the L CCA? [...] |
Describe the course of the L CCA?  |
| 537.1 | What is the anatomical relationship of the IJV to the carotid artery? [...] |
What is the anatomical relationship of the IJV to the carotid artery?  |
| 538.1 | Demonstrate the borders of the posterior triangle and anterior triangle? [...] |
Demonstrate the borders of the posterior triangle and anterior triangle?  |
| 539.1 | Describe the position and features of the thyroid gland? [...] |
Describe the position and features of the thyroid gland?  |
| 540.1 | Describe the sufrace markings of the carotid sheath in the neck? [...] |
Describe the sufrace markings of the carotid sheath in the neck?   |
| 541.1 | Branches of the external carotid artery? [...] |
Branches of the external carotid artery?   |
| 542.1 | Contents of the carotid sheath? [...] |
Contents of the carotid sheath?  |
| 543.1 | What other structures are visible here  ?[...] |
What other structures are visible here ? |
| 544.1 | 1. Identify the structures in the upper airway that could lead to airway obstruction? [...]   |
1. Identify the structures in the upper airway that could lead to airway obstruction?  |
| 545.1 | Label the following? [...]   |
Label the following?   |
| 546.1 | OA vs RA patterns? [...] |
OA vs RA patterns? OA is CMC and IP joints -asymmetrical RA is 1st MCP |
| 547.1 | CBB - XR  Diagnosis? [...] |
CBB - XR Diagnosis? Pneumoperitoneum  |
| 548.1 | Femoral triangle 1. Identify the boundaries and contents 2. What are the origin and terminal branches of the femoral artery ? [...]  |
Femoral triangle 1. Identify the boundaries and contents 2. What are the origin and terminal branches of the femoral artery ? do them both together  |
| 549.1 | Describe the arterial supply of the kidneys? [...] |
Describe the arterial supply of the kidneys?  |
| 550.1 | Renal anatomy 1. Identify the anatomical structures of the renal tract on this photo? + Identify the main intrabdominal branches of the aorta [...]  |
Renal anatomy 1. Identify the anatomical structures of the renal tract on this photo? + Identify the main intrabdominal branches of the aorta  |
| 551.1 | Outline some of the differences in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes? [...] |
Outline some of the differences in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes? 1.  |
| 552.1 | Which mediators of inflammation are derived from cells and which cells release histamine? [...] |
Which mediators of inflammation are derived from cells and which cells release histamine?  |
| 553.1 | Describe the formation and drainage of aqueous humour? [...] |
Describe the formation and drainage of aqueous humour? 1.  |
| 554.1 | 1. Label the following? [...]  |
1. Label the following?   |
| 555.1 | What are the effects of an oculomotor nerve palsy? [...] |
What are the effects of an oculomotor nerve palsy?  |
| 556.1 | CBB Cause of below? [...]  |
CBB Cause of below?  |
| 557.1 | CBB Diagnosis of below? [...]  |
CBB Diagnosis of below?  |
| 558.1 | Plasma osmolality calculation? [...] |
Plasma osmolality calculation?   |
| 559.1 | Why is the urine dark in rhabdo? [...] |
Why is the urine dark in rhabdo? in rhabdo, breakdown of skeletal muscle release myoglobin which has a characteristic dark apperances |
| 560.1 | CBB Joint aspirate High WCC differentials? [...] |
CBB Joint aspirate High WCC differentials?  |
| 561.1 | State diagnosis for each below? [...]  |
State diagnosis for each below?  |
| 562.1 | CBB - Interpret this and state diagnosis? [...]  |
CBB - Interpret this and state diagnosis?  |
| 563.1 | XR - posterior dislocation what is essential to state? [...] |
XR - posterior dislocation what is essential to state? empty olecranon fossa |
| 564.1 | CBB - XR Describe this xr? [...]  |
CBB - XR Describe this xr? 1. state displacement and shortening  |
| 565.1 | CBB XR  what is this? [...] |
CBB XR what is this? Lipohaemoarthrosis  |
| 566.1 | CBB - Bloods 1. interpret this bloods and provide differentials? [...]  |
CBB - Bloods 1. interpret this bloods and provide differentials?  |
| 567.1 | AF Causes? [...] |
AF Causes?  |
| 568.1 | What types of narrow complex tachycardia are there? [...] |
What types of narrow complex tachycardia are there? 1. AF 2.  |
| 569.1 | CBB - ECG  1. Describe this ECG and state its diagnosis? [...] |
CBB - ECG 1. Describe this ECG and state its diagnosis? LVH with LV strain pattern and STE large qrs voltage with broad qrs  |
| 570.1 | CBB - ECG  1. Describe this ECG and state the diagnosis? [...] |
CBB - ECG 1. Describe this ECG and state the diagnosis?  |
| 571.1 | CBB ECG  1. Describe and interpret this ECG - what is the rhythm and the rate? [...] |
CBB ECG 1. Describe and interpret this ECG - what is the rhythm and the rate? Ventricular rate 75-100 atrial rate 300/min  |
| 572.1 | Triangular space, interval, quadrangular space 1. Borders and orientation and contents? [...] |
Triangular space, interval, quadrangular space 1. Borders and orientation and contents?   |
| 573.1 | Describe composition of bile? [...] |
Describe composition of bile?  |
| 574.1 | Fracture healing 1. Describe the steps and timeframes involved in fracture healing? [...] |
Fracture healing 1. Describe the steps and timeframes involved in fracture healing? 1.  |
| 575.1 | CBB CTB  Diagnosis? [...] |
CBB CTB Diagnosis? axial CT non con right sided subdural hematoma with midline shift |
| 576.1 | CBB CTB  1. What is the major abnormality on this CT? [...] |
CBB CTB 1. What is the major abnormality on this CT? Axial CT Non con hypodensity R MCA territory likely from R thromboembolic stroke |
| 577.1 | CBB CTB  1. Describe the abnormality on this CT image? [...] |
CBB CTB 1. Describe the abnormality on this CT image?  *Left hyperdense** haemorrhage surrounding oedema |
| 578.1 | CBB CTB  1. Describe this CTB? [...] |
CBB CTB 1. Describe this CTB? axial CTB R extradural haematoma of the frontal region no midline shift and no signs of increased ICP |
| 579.1 | on a PA cxr, how do you differentiate between a right LL vs a RML pneumonia? [...] |
on a PA cxr, how do you differentiate between a right LL vs a RML pneumonia? RML has a loss of R heart border |
| 580.1 | CBB XR  findings? [...] |
CBB XR findings?  |
| 581.1 | CBB  Describe this xr? [...] |
CBB Describe this xr?  |
| 582.1 | CBB - XR  Describe and state differentials? [...] |
CBB - XR Describe and state differentials?  |
| 583.1 | CBB how to describe a xr? [...] |
CBB how to describe a xr?   |
| 584.1 | CBB XR  Describe this xr with differentials? [...] |
CBB XR Describe this xr with differentials?  |
| 585.1 | CBB XR - 65M smoker, acute dyspnea  1. Describe this xr and state your differentials? [...] |
CBB XR - 65M smoker, acute dyspnea 1. Describe this xr and state your differentials?  |
| 586.1 | CBB   man with dyspnea 1. Describe abnoramalities and state your differentials? [...] |
CBB man with dyspnea 1. Describe abnoramalities and state your differentials?  this would be right sided opacities |
| 587.1 | CBB  Describe the positive findings in this CXR and state the likely cause? [...]  |
CBB Describe the positive findings in this CXR and state the likely cause?  just describe it say opacities  |
| 588.1 | CBB XR  1. Describe the abnormalities on this CXR? [...] |
CBB XR 1. Describe the abnormalities on this CXR?    |
| 589.1 |   |
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| 590.1 |   |
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| 591.1 |   |
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| 592.1 |  |
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| 593.1 |  |
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| 594.1 | CBB - LFTs  Comment on these results? [...] |
CBB - LFTs Comment on these results?  |
| 595.1 | CBB XR  1. Describe the abnormality on this xr? [...] |
CBB XR 1. Describe the abnormality on this xr?  |
| 596.1 | CBB - Urine MCS  Describe this Urine dipstick and give differentials? [...] |
CBB - Urine MCS Describe this Urine dipstick and give differentials?  |
| 597.1 | CBB - TFTs  1. Interpret this and give possible causes? [...] |
CBB - TFTs 1. Interpret this and give possible causes?  |
| 598.1 | CBB - VBG elderly patient abdominal and back pain showing high anion gap metabolic acidosis with incomplete resp compensation differentials? [...] |
CBB - VBG elderly patient abdominal and back pain showing high anion gap metabolic acidosis with incomplete resp compensation differentials?   |
| 599.1 | Winters formula importance? [...] |
Winters formula importance?    |
| 600.1 | What are the priorities of treatment for DKA? [...] |
What are the priorities of treatment for DKA?  |
| 601.1 | CBB  1. Describe and interpret this VBG? [...] |
CBB 1. Describe and interpret this VBG?  |
| 602.1 | how to calculate anion gap? [...] |
how to calculate anion gap?     |
| 603.1 | ABG 1. BE negative is ? [...] |
ABG 1. BE negative is ? acidosis |
| 604.1 | SBO VS LBO XR? ? [...] |
SBO VS LBO XR? ?  |
| 605.1 | CBB - AXR -  Please describe these images and state your diagnosis? [...] |
CBB - AXR - Please describe these images and state your diagnosis?   |
| 606.1 | CBB - Photo  1. Please describe this image and list differentials? [...] |
CBB - Photo 1. Please describe this image and list differentials? Ulceration of the medial malleolar region of right leg Surrounding pigmentation secondary to chronic venous disease not actively bleeding shiny surface/base trauma, infection on a background of chronic venous disease |
| 607.1 | CBB - Photo  1. Describe this rash differentials ? [...] |
CBB - Photo 1. Describe this rash differentials ? Maculopapular rash on back, torso, limbs and face macules coaelscing ?raised measles, rubella viral exanthem urticaria |
| 608.1 | CBB - Photo  1. Describe this photo? [...] |
CBB - Photo 1. Describe this photo? 1.  |
| 609.1 | Tell me about hepatorenal syndrome? [...] |
Tell me about hepatorenal syndrome?  |
| 610.1 | What are the causes of acute lvier failure? [...] |
What are the causes of acute lvier failure?  |
| 611.1 | Outline the normal metabolism and elimination of bilirubin? [...] |
Outline the normal metabolism and elimination of bilirubin?  |
| 612.1 | Hep D 1. Describe how it infects the human body? [...] |
Hep D 1. Describe how it infects the human body?  |
| 613.1 | Interpret this serology? [...] HBsAg positive Anti-HBs negative Anti-HBc positive |
Interpret this serology? HBsAg positive Anti-HBs negative Anti-HBc positive  |
| 614.1 | Hepatitis 1. Transmission, chronicity, pregnancy danger, needs another virus, vaccine availability, DNA virus ? [...] |
Hepatitis 1. Transmission, chronicity, pregnancy danger, needs another virus, vaccine availability, DNA virus ?  |
| 615.1 | Describe this ECG? [...]  |
Describe this ECG?  |
| 616.1 | Describe the ligaments of the ankel joint with their attachments? [...] |
Describe the ligaments of the ankel joint with their attachments?  Talar has AP Tibiotalar vs Talofibular PTFL is the strongest - malleolar fossa of fibula to lateral tubercle of talus ATFL is the weakest Medial malleolus to talus/navicular/calcaneum |
| 617.1 | What factors influence the distribution of pulmonary arterial blood ? [...] |
What factors influence the distribution of pulmonary arterial blood ?  |
| 618.1 | Explain why VQ inequality causes a reduced arterial PO2 while arterial PCO2 remains relatively normal ? [...] |
Explain why VQ inequality causes a reduced arterial PO2 while arterial PCO2 remains relatively normal ?   |
| 619.1 | What are the patterns of tissue necrosis? [...] |
What are the patterns of tissue necrosis?  |
| 620.1 | Describe the changes in cellular necrosis? [...] |
Describe the changes in cellular necrosis?  must state adjacent inflammation |
| 621.1 | Metaplasia 1. Definition + examples + outcomes? [...] |
Metaplasia 1. Definition + examples + outcomes?  |
| 622.1 | Hyperplasia vs hypertrophy? [...] |
Hyperplasia vs hypertrophy?  |
| 623.1 | Clinical manifestations of diffuse toxic hyperplasia of the thyroid? [...] |
Clinical manifestations of diffuse toxic hyperplasia of the thyroid?  |
| 624.1 | Endothelins 1. What general effects do endothelins have on the CVS? [...] |
Endothelins 1. What general effects do endothelins have on the CVS?      |
| 625.1 | Draw a diagram of the changes in SBP and DBP as blood flows through the systemic circulation ? [...] |
Draw a diagram of the changes in SBP and DBP as blood flows through the systemic circulation ?  |
| 626.1 | Describe the factors that control blood flow to the mycoardium? [...] |
Describe the factors that control blood flow to the mycoardium?  |
| 627.1 | Describe the movements of the elbow joint ? [...] |
Describe the movements of the elbow joint ?  |
| 628.1 | Outline the capsular attachments of the humerus? [...] |
Outline the capsular attachments of the humerus?   |
| 629.1 | Indicate the common extensor origin and name the muscles that arrise from the elbow joint ? [...] |
Indicate the common extensor origin and name the muscles that arrise from the elbow joint ?  |
| 630.1 | Elbow supination and promation - descibre the movement? [...] |
Elbow supination and promation - descibre the movement?  |
| 631.1 | Demonstrate the capsular attachments of the elbow as well as the ligamentous attachments [...] |
Demonstrate the capsular attachments of the elbow as well as the ligamentous attachments    |
| 632.1 | Elbow Joint 1. Demonstrate the bony features of the elbow joint? [...] |
Elbow Joint 1. Demonstrate the bony features of the elbow joint?   |
| 633.1 | Shoulder joint 1. What structures can be damaged by shoulder dislocation? [...] |
Shoulder joint 1. What structures can be damaged by shoulder dislocation?  |
| 634.1 | Name and describe the ligaments of the shoulder joint and how they stabilise it? [...] |
Name and describe the ligaments of the shoulder joint and how they stabilise it?   |
| 635.1 | Shoulder xr - label this ? [...]  |
Shoulder xr - label this ?  |
| 636.1 | Scapula 1. Identify the major bony features ? [...] |
Scapula 1. Identify the major bony features ? 1.   |
| 637.1 | Pec major, minor Teres major, minor which is associated with what? ? [...] |
Pec major, minor Teres major, minor which is associated with what? ?  |
| 638.1 | Identify the nerves of the brachial plexus ? [...]  |
Identify the nerves of the brachial plexus ? Use the axillary artery as a guide to find the 3 cords Know that the radial artery enters the posterir compartment Axillary enters the back Median wraps itself around the brachial artery Musculocutaneous is to the lateral side  |
| 639.1 | 1. What does the musculocutaneous nerve supply? [...] |
1. What does the musculocutaneous nerve supply? 1.  |
| 640.1 | What are the terminal branches of the medial cord? [...] |
What are the terminal branches of the medial cord? Ulnar nerve Medial cutaneous nerves of arm and forearm medial pectoral nerve Medial root of median nerve  |
| 641.1 | Identify the muscles in this photo of axilla Identify the components of the brachial plexus  [...] |
Identify the muscles in this photo of axilla Identify the components of the brachial plexus   |
| 642.1 | Identify the ulnar nerve and its adjacent structures ? [...]  |
Identify the ulnar nerve and its adjacent structures ?  |
| 643.1 | Nerves and dermatomes of upper limb ? [...] |
Nerves and dermatomes of upper limb ?   describe it properly |
| 644.1 | Aneurysm vs dissection vs rupture? [...] |
Aneurysm vs dissection vs rupture?  |
| 645.1 | Theophylline 1. Organ system effects of theophylline? [...] |
Theophylline 1. Organ system effects of theophylline?  just like coffeee |
| 646.1 | Synthesis of thyroid hormone [...] |
Synthesis of thyroid hormone   |
| 647.1 | What is the difference between the course of the right and left recurrent laryngeal nerve? [...] |
What is the difference between the course of the right and left recurrent laryngeal nerve? R - hooks around sbclavian artery L - hooks around aorta After looping, they ascend in trachea-oesophageal groove to supply intrinsic muscles of the larynx (except CT) |
| 648.1 | 1. Identify the venous structures in this photo 2. Identify the nerves in this photo clozed together [...]  |
1. Identify the venous structures in this photo 2. Identify the nerves in this photo clozed together  |
| 649.1 | Can you label the following 1. SCM, mandible 2. IJV 3. CCA, ECA 4. Vagus nerve clozed all[...]  |
Can you label the following 1. SCM, mandible 2. IJV 3. CCA, ECA 4. Vagus nerve clozed all  |
| 650.1 | How is bicarbonate formed in the blood? [...] |
How is bicarbonate formed in the blood?  |
| 651.1 | PE 1. What factors determine the severity of the pathophysiological resposne to PE? [...] |
PE 1. What factors determine the severity of the pathophysiological resposne to PE?  |
| 652.1 | Reperfusion injury 1. Definition and mechanisms [...] |
Reperfusion injury 1. Definition and mechanisms  |
| 653.1 | Describe the process of normal fibrinolysis [...] |
Describe the process of normal fibrinolysis  |
| 654.1 | 1. Features of FES? [...] |
1. Features of FES? 1.  |
| 655.1 | What type of hypersensitivity is Serum sickness? [...] |
What type of hypersensitivity is Serum sickness? Type 3 |
| 656.1 | 1. Describe this CT  [...] |
1. Describe this CT R sided subdural with midline shift |
| 657.1 | 1. Epidural vs subdural in a CT [...] |
1. Epidural vs subdural in a CT  |
| 658.1 | Arterial supply of brain 1. what does ACA, MCA, PCA supply - point on the CT [...] |
Arterial supply of brain 1. what does ACA, MCA, PCA supply - point on the CT 1.   |
| 659.1 | 1. Arterial supply of brain - draw COW [...] |
1. Arterial supply of brain - draw COW  |
| 660.1 | 1. Describe the venous drainage of the cerebral hemispheres [...] |
1. Describe the venous drainage of the cerebral hemispheres   |
| 661.1 | Describe functions of CSF [...] |
Describe functions of CSF  |
| 662.1 | Label the sinus you can see in this CT Brain [...]   |
Label the sinus you can see in this CT Brain   |
| 663.1 | 1. Name the anatomical layers and spaces covering the brain [...] |
1. Name the anatomical layers and spaces covering the brain   |
| 664.1 | 1. Describe the circulation of CSF in the brain [...] |
1. Describe the circulation of CSF in the brain 1.    |
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| 668.1 |   |
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| 676.1 |  |
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| 677.1 |  |
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| 678.1 |  |
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| 680.1 |  |
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| 681.1 |  |
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| 682.1 |  |
 |
| 683.1 | 1. How is legionella acquired? 2. How is it diagnosed? 3. What group of patients are at risk? [...] |
1. How is legionella acquired? 2. How is it diagnosed? 3. What group of patients are at risk?  |
| 684.1 | Muscles of shoulder abduction and its attachment [...] |
Muscles of shoulder abduction and its attachment  |
| 685.1 | Rotator cuff muscles 1. origin and attachment 2. innervation 3. actions all 3 - also teres what? [...] |
Rotator cuff muscles 1. origin and attachment 2. innervation 3. actions all 3 - also teres what?   |
| 686.1 | Name the muscles of the arm, describe action, and innervation [...] |
Name the muscles of the arm, describe action, and innervation  |
| 687.1 | Label this [...]  |
Label this  |
| 688.1 | Label this [...]  |
Label this  |
| 689.1 | Course of the brachial artery and its relations [...] |
Course of the brachial artery and its relations    |
| 690.1 | Label the veins Label the other structures Label the tendons at the distal forearm [...]   |
Label the veins Label the other structures Label the tendons at the distal forearm  |
| 691.1 | Name the branchesof the brachial artery that contribute to the peri-articular anastomosis surrounding the elbow? [...] |
Name the branchesof the brachial artery that contribute to the peri-articular anastomosis surrounding the elbow?   |
| 692.1 | Describe the superficial lymphatics of the upper limb [...] |
Describe the superficial lymphatics of the upper limb  |
| 693.1 | 1. identify the radial nerve [...]  |
1. identify the radial nerve |
| 694.1 | 1. What forms the floor and the roof of the cubital fossa [...] |
1. What forms the floor and the roof of the cubital fossa   |
| 695.1 | Label the structures[...]  |
Label the structures  |
| 696.1 |  1. identify the borders of the cubital fossa and identify the contents of the cub fossa [...] |
1. identify the borders of the cubital fossa and identify the contents of the cub fossa   |
| 697.1 | how is anatomic and physiologic dead space measured? [...] |
how is anatomic and physiologic dead space measured? the fowler and bohr method  |
| 698.1 | label this [...]  |
label this  |
| 699.1 | 1. What is croup? and causes [...] |
1. What is croup? and causes  |
| 700.1 | 1. Different types of acute inflammation [...] |
1. Different types of acute inflammation 1.  |
| 701.1 | Steps involved in leukocyte arrival [...] |
Steps involved in leukocyte arrival  |
| 702.1 | label this  [...] |
label this |
| 703.1 | what mm are involved in supination and pronation? [...] what nerves are involved? [...] |
what mm are involved in supination and pronation? what nerves are involved?   |
| 704.1 | Name the structures in this [...]  |
Name the structures in this  |
| 705.1 | describe anatomy of the dorsalis peids artery [...] |
describe anatomy of the dorsalis peids artery   |
| 706.1 | structures deep to the extensor retinaculum [...] |
structures deep to the extensor retinaculum tom has a very nice dog pet  |
| 707.1 | bony features of the proximal end of the tibia [...] |
bony features of the proximal end of the tibia     |
| 708.1 | ligaments around the ankle joint [...] |
ligaments around the ankle joint talus is the key    |
| 709.1 | structures posterior to medial malleolus[...] |
structures posterior to medial malleolus  |
| 710.1 | describe medial meniscus and its attachements [...] what are the attachments of the lateral meniscus |
describe medial meniscus and its attachements what are the attachments of the lateral meniscus    |
| 711.1 | Factors that stabilise the knee joint [...] |
Factors that stabilise the knee joint  |
| 712.1 | label this [...]  |
label this   |
| 713.1 | mm attachments to the greater trochanter [...]  |
mm attachments to the greater trochanter   |
| 714.1 | label this  [...] |
label this |
| 715.1 | Femoral artery course and its branches[...] |
Femoral artery course and its branches Branches - put my legs down please -  1. from ext iliac 2. mid point at the inguinal ligament becomes femoral artery 3. lies medial/lateral - NAVEL 4. lies on muscle iliopsoas and pectineus 5. passes deep to sartorius 6. through to adductor canal 7. becomes popliteal artery at hiatus |
| 716.1 | action of the gluteus maximus[...] |
action of the gluteus maximus straightnes leg at hip sit to stand position tensos the TFL which staeadies the femur on the tibia |
| 717.1 | Digoxin PK [...] |
Digoxin PK  |
| 718.1 | GTN MOA more detailed [...] |
GTN MOA more detailed  |
| 719.1 | name drugs used in rx of opiate addiction [...] how do these work |
name drugs used in rx of opiate addiction how do these work methadone buprenorphine naloxone naltrexone long acting agonist, orally active. gradual wean partial antagonist - for detox and maint rapid onset pure antagonist for toxicity pure antagonist long acting after detoxified |
| 720.1 | what strategies may be used when prescribing oxycodone to reduce the development of dependence? [...] |
what strategies may be used when prescribing oxycodone to reduce the development of dependence? start with non-opioid analgesics first nerve blocks/paracetamol involve APS team early set expectations that aim is not pain = 0  |
| 721.1 | toxic dose of paracetamol in adults? [...] |
toxic dose of paracetamol in adults? 150-200mg/kg |
| 722.1 | how would you manage salicylate OD? [...] |
how would you manage salicylate OD? dialysis urinary alkalinisation - ionised -> easier to excrete |
| 723.1 | S/e of aspirin in OD[...] |
S/e of aspirin in OD  |
| 724.1 | why are 3rd gen cephalosporins used in CNS infection? [...] |
why are 3rd gen cephalosporins used in CNS infection? explanded GN activity cross the BBB good toxicity profile |
| 725.1 | adverse effects of cephalosporins [...] |
adverse effects of cephalosporins  |
| 726.1 | cons of rectal drug administration? [...] |
cons of rectal drug administration? 1. erratic absorption 2. irritation 3. patient preference |
| 727.1 | what is total body clearance of a drug[...] |
what is total body clearance of a drug cl systemic = cl renal + cl hepatic + etc |
| 728.1 | what is the relationship between clearance and dosign? [...] |
what is the relationship between clearance and dosign?  |
| 729.1 | what is drug clearance? [...] what factors affect clearance? [...] |
what is drug clearance? what factors affect clearance?   |
| 730.1 | how is sux metabolised? [...] |
how is sux metabolised? rapid phase 1 hydrolysis by butyrycholinesterase and pseudocholinsterase in liver and plasma |
| 731.1 | sites of drug biotransformation? [...] |
sites of drug biotransformation? Liver  |
| 732.1 | examples od a drug-drug interaction? [...] |
examples od a drug-drug interaction? protein binding renal clearance induction of inhibitors PD interactions |
| 733.1 | define bioavailability and first pass metabolism [...] |
define bioavailability and first pass metabolism fracture of unchanged drug reaching systemic circulation following administration by any route 1st pass refers to metabolism by liver before reaching systemic circulation -metabolism in gut wall, in portal blood, by lvier, excretion into bile |
| 734.1 | explain why aspirin absorbed better in the low pH of stomach?[...] |
explain why aspirin absorbed better in the low pH of stomach? aspirin is an acidic drug unionised in the stomach more lipid soluble hence why absorbed better here |
| 735.1 | list the various molecular mechanisms of transmembrane signalling [...] |
list the various molecular mechanisms of transmembrane signalling 1. lipid soluble ligand crossing membrane and binding to intracellular receptor steroids 2. tyrosine kinse pathway - transmembrone protein binding to agonist and stimulating insulin 3. ligand gated ion channels ach and GABA 4. G protein coupled receptor leading to intracellular second messenger activation beta adrenergic rectpros |
| 736.1 | potency of morphine to fentanyl? [...] |
potency of morphine to fentanyl? fentanyl is 100x more potent |
| 737.1 | what factos affect a drugs efficacy? [...] |
what factos affect a drugs efficacy? affinityof receptor drug receptor interaction route of admini absorption distribution metabolism disease state |
| 738.1 | spare receptors [...] |
spare receptors say there are 10 receptors, you only need to occupy 3 of them with agonist to achieve Emax; the rest 7 are said to be spare; so if there are 8 antagonist, then emax will be reduced |
| 739.1 | complications of insulin administration? [...] |
complications of insulin administration? hypoglycaemia insulin allergy due to non insulin contaminants lipodystriphy at injection sites immune insulin resistance  |
| 740.1 | classes od drugs used in AF management? [...] |
classes od drugs used in AF management? 1c 2 3 4  |
| 741.1 | [...] describe the PD of propranolol that make it useful in thyrotoxicosis? |
describe the PD of propranolol that make it useful in thyrotoxicosis?  |
| 742.1 | metoprolol CV effects? [...] |
metoprolol CV effects?  |
| 743.1 | factors that influence stroke volume? [...] factors that influence contractility? |
factors that influence stroke volume? factors that influence contractility? afterload preload contractility hypoxia, drugs, pH, sympathetic tone, hypercapnea, myocardial damage need 4/6 to pass |
| 744.1 | EDV, SV, ESV values[...] |
EDV, SV, ESV values 130 90 50 |
| 745.1 | what are the dterminants of the myocardial O2 consumption? [...] what are the changes in cardiac funciton with exercise and how tare these mediated? what are the physical laws involved? [...] |
what are the dterminants of the myocardial O2 consumption? what are the changes in cardiac funciton with exercise and how tare these mediated? what are the physical laws involved?  |
| 746.1 | describe the phases of the carrdiac cycle and the associated LV pressure changes. [...] |
describe the phases of the carrdiac cycle and the associated LV pressure changes.   PV image |
| 747.1 | draw the cardiac muscle action potential + ions + values do the same for the pacemaker AP [...] |
draw the cardiac muscle action potential + ions + values do the same for the pacemaker AP    |
| 748.1 | what factors affect fracture healing? [...] |
what factors affect fracture healing?  |
| 749.1 | name and describe the different types of fractures? [...] |
name and describe the different types of fractures?  |
| 750.1 | hip joint what contributes to the stability? [...] |
hip joint what contributes to the stability?    |
| 751.1 | describe superficial venous drainage of the lower limb? [...] |
describe superficial venous drainage of the lower limb?    |
| 752.1 | mytomes of lower limb for viva [...] |
mytomes of lower limb for viva  |
| 753.1 | dermatomes of lower limb [...] |
dermatomes of lower limb  |
| 754.1 | cutaneous nerve supply of lower limb? [...] |
cutaneous nerve supply of lower limb? GIO LFP SS SD medial calcaneal, medial and lateral plantars  |
| 755.1 | describe apoptosis and its features for 6 marks [...] |
describe apoptosis and its features for 6 marks programmed cell death induced by tightly regulated intracellular programme plasma membrane is intact and cell contents dont leak out cell shrinks  |
| 756.1 | what changes occur from upper to lower thoracic vertebrae? [...] |
what changes occur from upper to lower thoracic vertebrae?  |
| 757.1 | landmarks for a LP [...] |
landmarks for a LP iliac crest line is T4 vertebral body insert in L3-L4 or L4-L5 insert in midline, between spinous process angle toward umbilicus patient sitting leaning forward or lateral deubb position |
| 758.1 | movements in the lumbar spine [...] |
movements in the lumbar spine  |
| 759.1 | liagments of the spine + short description [...] |
liagments of the spine + short description  supraspinous is continous down the spine and is strong lax in extension and taught in flexion interspinous is weak flavum is most important attaches to the front of upper lamina and back of lower lamina |
| 760.1 | layers pierced during LP [...] what layers does the spinal cord terminate? [...] what layer does the subarachnoid space end? [...] |
layers pierced during LP what layers does the spinal cord terminate? L1 what layer does the subarachnoid space end? S1S2   |
| 761.1 | where might you find a pathological fracture ont he model? [...] |
where might you find a pathological fracture ont he model? pubic rami, NOF, proximal shaft |
| 762.1 | label this [...]  |
label this |
| 763.1 | describe in more than 1 word.. the parts of the male urethra [...] |
describe in more than 1 word.. the parts of the male urethra thres 3 parts porstatic part - widest, receives prostatic and ejaculatory ducts intermediate or the membranous part - narrowest aand surrounded by external urethral sphincter spongy part |
| 764.1 | vas deferens [...] ureter [...] spermatic cord [...]  |
vas deferens 8 ureter 9 spermatic cord 4 |
| 765.1 | [...]  |
  |
| 766.1 | vesico-uterine pouch and recto-uterine pouch  [...] |
vesico-uterine pouch and recto-uterine pouch 24 and 14 |
| 767.1 | parts of the male urethra  [...] |
parts of the male urethra  |
| 768.1 | contents of the spermatic cord [...] |
contents of the spermatic cord   |
| 769.1 |  can you label the  [...] |
can you label the  |
| 770.1 | describe course of iliac artery [...] |
describe course of iliac artery from AA at level L4 bifubrication follows along medial border of psoas divdes at L5S1 internal enters pelvis, external follows iliopsoas ends at inguinall canal and becomes femoral artery at mid-inguinal point |
| 771.1 | can you find the following bladder, rectum, external anal sphincter what is behind the uterus - 19 - [...] what is 27 [...] can u find pubic symphsis [...]  |
can you find the following bladder, rectum, external anal sphincter what is behind the uterus - 19 - R ureter what is 27 ovarian artery and vein can u find pubic symphsis 12 |
| 772.1 | describe relationship ivc to aorta [...] |
describe relationship ivc to aorta lies posterolaterally to the R drains lower limbs leaves abdomen through caval opening of diaphragm T8 |
| 773.1 | can you identify the parts of the large bowel the psoas liver kidneys stomach..[...]  |
can you identify the parts of the large bowel the psoas liver kidneys stomach..  |
| 774.1 | lymphaci drainage of male genitalia [...] |
lymphaci drainage of male genitalia testes - para-aortic scrotal and penile skin to inguinal |
| 775.1 | ct of abdomen demonstrate potential spaces for fluid collection [...] |
ct of abdomen demonstrate potential spaces for fluid collection hepatorenal and splenorenal space  |
| 776.1 | abdomen photo what structures are potential sources of pain and how 1. name the structures [...] |
abdomen photo what structures are potential sources of pain and how 1. name the structures  aorta celiac axis SMA kidneys ureter psoas - abscess |
| 777.1 | blood supply of the urter [...] |
blood supply of the urter renal arteries in upper portion gonadal vessles braches off abdominal aorta i nmid portion branches of common iliacs in inferior portion |
| 778.1 | R kidney relationships [...] |
R kidney relationships surrounded by peri-nephric fat superior - R adrenal + liver Superolaterally - R lobe of liver Medially - psoas+vertebrae posterior - 12th rib and abdominal mm Anteriorly - gallbladder duodenum |
| 779.1 | relationships of pancrease - need 6 to pass [...] |
relationships of pancrease - need 6 to pass posterior is IVC, portal vein anterior is stomach, bowel Lateral - duodenum c shaped lateral - hilum of spleen |
| 780.1 | blood supply of liver? [...] |
blood supply of liver? hepatic artery portal vein 3 hepatic veins |
| 781.1 | relationships of spleen [...] |
relationships of spleen lies deep along 9-11 ribs in the LUQ inferior - L kdiney Superior - diaphragm Medial stomach and pancreas vascular supply lie deep... |
| 782.1 | narrow points of the ureter[...] |
narrow points of the ureter PUJ pelvic brim VUJ  |
| 783.1 | course of ureter - for 8 points need 4 to pass [...] |
course of ureter - for 8 points need 4 to pass Originate at renal hilum L2 Run inferior acros psoas muscle Near tips of transverse process of L3-L4 cross over pelvic brim anterior to bifubication of common iliac lie on lateral wall of pelvis travel medially to bladder  |
| 784.1 | branches of the abdominal aorta - draw schematic [...] |
branches of the abdominal aorta - draw schematic  |
| 785.1 | describe the course of the R subclavian artery [...] |
describe the course of the R subclavian artery arises from R brachiocephalic trunk passes posterior to SC joint passes posterior to anterior scalenes crosses over 1st rib to become axillary |
| 786.1 | branches of the subclavian aa and the thyrocervical trunk [...] |
branches of the subclavian aa and the thyrocervical trunk VIT C and D TIST vertebral artery, internal throacic, thyrocervical trunk costocervical trunk dorsal scapular transverse cervical inferior thyroid suprascapular tiny ascending cervcial  |
| 787.1 | muscles for respiration [...] |
muscles for respiration diaphragm contribtues 75% - major - for inspiration costal muscles for forced exp/insp accessory muscles SSS - scm, serratus anterior, subcostals |
| 788.1 | clinical significance of the attachment of the pleura? [...] |
clinical significance of the attachment of the pleura? 1. deviation to left provides window for pericardiocentesis without traversing the pleura 2. attachment of pleura at a lower level than the lung favours collection of pleural fluid there 3. penetrating injuries to the upper lumbar region can damage the pleura |
| 789.1 | chest tube anterior to mid axillary line to avoid [...] |
chest tube anterior to mid axillary line to avoid long thorracic nerve |
| 790.1 | using the cxr, name and indicate the position of the lobes of the lung [...] |
using the cxr, name and indicate the position of the lobes of the lung R and L upper lobes on upper zones L lobwer lobe abuts left hemi R lower lobe abuts R hemidiaphragm R middle lobe abuts the R heart border Lingular lobe abuts the left heart border |
| 791.1 | draw the aortic arch branches [...] |
draw the aortic arch branches  |
| 792.1 | label this  [...] |
label this  |
| 793.1 | function of fossa ovalis [...] |
function of fossa ovalis remnant of the formaen ovale that has an opening between the right and the left atrium in fetal circulation  |
| 794.1 | label this  [...] |
label this |
| 795.1 | coronary vessels arise from the [...] |
coronary vessels arise from the corresponding aortic sinus above the aortic valve |
| 796.1 | blood supply of heart draw the schematic and the box on what supplied by what [...] |
blood supply of heart draw the schematic and the box on what supplied by what  |
| 797.1 | draw the coronary arteries schematic name 6 arteries [...] |
draw the coronary arteries schematic name 6 arteries  |
| 798.1 | arterial supply to the cardiac conduction system [...] |
arterial supply to the cardiac conduction system SA 60/40 RCA/LCA AV 80/2- RCA/LCA Bundles and purkinjee fibres - LAD |
| 799.1 |  label the top red structure identify the coronary sinus [...] |
label the top red structure identify the coronary sinus  |
| 800.1 |  label the great vessels SVC, IVC, aorta - BC trunk, LCA, LSA pul trunk pul veins [...] |
label the great vessels SVC, IVC, aorta - BC trunk, LCA, LSA pul trunk pul veins  |
| 801.1 | lig arteriosum A small fibrous band that connects:
|
lig arteriosum A small fibrous band that connects:
 |
| 802.1 | name the great vessles in this  [...] |
name the great vessles in this brachiocephalic trunk L common carotid aorta - 3 parts L subclavian Pulmonary arteries SVC pulmonary veins  |
| 803.1 | label this 1st rib  [...] |
label this 1st rib  |
| 804.1 | which part of the heart lies imediately behind the sternum? [...] |
which part of the heart lies imediately behind the sternum? RV |
| 805.1 | which part of the lung forms the left heart border? [...] |
which part of the lung forms the left heart border? left superior lobe -lingual segment |
| 806.1 | blunt trauma cxr findings expected? [...] |
blunt trauma cxr findings expected?   |
| 807.1 | if they show you a cxr and ask you for abnormalities, what will you look for [...] |
if they show you a cxr and ask you for abnormalities, what will you look for pneumothorax, surgical emphysema, consolidation/blunting |
| 808.1 | which structures may be at risk from an ICC inserted laterally? [...] |
which structures may be at risk from an ICC inserted laterally?  need 2 bold |
| 809.1 | which part of the lung forms the right heart border? [...] |
which part of the lung forms the right heart border? RML |
| 810.1 | describe the lobes of the lungs and their fissures [...] |
describe the lobes of the lungs and their fissures   |
| 811.1 | outline the structures that make up the right and left cardiomediastilnal borders on this xray  [...] |
outline the structures that make up the right and left cardiomediastilnal borders on this xray R - R atrium, R ventricle, SVC, IVC, R pulmonary trunk L - L ventricle, aortic arch/knucle, L pulmonary trunk  6/10 to pass |
| 812.1 | Intercostal Vessels Run [...] |
Intercostal Vessels Run under the rib above (neurovascular bundle: vein, artery, nerve). Located between internal intercostal & innermost intercostal muscles. |
| 813.1 | Layers Traversed with a chest tube(lateral chest wall) [...] |
Layers Traversed with a chest tube(lateral chest wall) Skin & subcutaneous tissue External intercostal muscle Internal intercostal muscle Innermost intercostal muscle Endothoracic fascia Parietal pleura |
| 814.1 | surface Landmarks for Tube Insertion Anterior tube: [...] Lateral tube: [...] |
surface Landmarks for Tube Insertion Anterior tube: 2nd intercostal space, mid-clavicular line. Lateral tube: 4th or 5th intercostal space, just anterior to mid-axillary line. |
| 815.1 | identify in this ct - kidneys, spleen, aorta, ivc, liver, vertebral muscles, spine, portal vein, gallbladder  [...] |
identify in this ct - kidneys, spleen, aorta, ivc, liver, vertebral muscles, spine, portal vein, gallbladder  |
| 816.1 | ecg diagnosis  [...] describe this ecg |
ecg diagnosis AF describe this ecg irregularly irregular unable to see P waves ventricular rate of 140 |
| 817.1 | hyperkalemia management mnemonic [...] |
hyperkalemia management mnemonic C BIG K Drop  |
| 818.1 | causes of complete heart block mnemonic - [...] |
causes of complete heart block mnemonic - CHB is PERMAnent unless its DRIPE post surgical end stage fibrosis - lenegres disease Rheumatic MI - anterior autoimmune - lupus Drugs - beta blockers Rheumatologic - myocarditis Ischaemia - inferior P - post op edema Electrolyte disturbances |
| 819.1 | describe this ECG  diagnosis [...] 3 points to support it |
describe this ECG diagnosis complete heart block 3 points to support it P wave rate is 60bpm ventricular escape rhythm at 30bpm axis deviation - left ST changes - nil T wave - inverted in anterior leads bundle branch block - Right |